Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2037195305', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/09645290210135751', 'title': 'Estimating the Social Rate of Return to Education for Indigenous Australians', 'display_name': 'Estimating the Social Rate of Return to Education for Indigenous Australians', 'publication_year': 2003, 'publication_date': '2003-08-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2037195305', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/09645290210135751', 'mag': '2037195305'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/09645290210135751', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S5043877', 'display_name': 'Education Economics', 'issn_l': '0964-5292', 'issn': ['0964-5292', '1469-5782'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320547', 'host_organization_name': 'Taylor & Francis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Taylor & Francis'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/145553/3/1996_DP123.pdf.jpg', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5023643844', 'display_name': 'P. N. Junankar', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1482-5495'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'P. N. JUNANKAR', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5023643844'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 13.484, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 41, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.9585, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 91, 'max': 92}, 'biblio': {'volume': '11', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '169', 'last_page': '192'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13532', 'display_name': 'Education Systems and Policy', 'score': 0.9924, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3304', 'display_name': 'Education'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13532', 'display_name': 'Education Systems and Policy', 'score': 0.9924, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3304', 'display_name': 'Education'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10393', 'display_name': 'Economic Growth and Productivity', 'score': 0.985, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11770', 'display_name': 'Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth', 'score': 0.9475, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/rate-of-return', 'display_name': 'Rate of return', 'score': 0.78292954}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/investment', 'display_name': 'Investment', 'score': 0.5534414}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment', 'display_name': 'Educational Attainment', 'score': 0.45978338}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/externality', 'display_name': 'Externality', 'score': 0.4363246}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55958113', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169480', 'display_name': 'Indigenous', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8230576}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86637286', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7317264', 'display_name': 'Rate of return', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.78292954}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C27548731', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272', 'display_name': 'Investment (military)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5534414}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C204983608', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958', 'display_name': 'Productivity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4959317}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120912362', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822', 'display_name': 'Higher education', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46026355}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779297142', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3276412', 'display_name': 'Educational attainment', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45978338}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C4249254', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431', 'display_name': 'Demographic economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.45800966}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4550865}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C50522688', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833', 'display_name': 'Economic growth', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4530208}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C16118543', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275372', 'display_name': 'Externality', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4363246}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.19795981}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C10138342', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015', 'display_name': 'Finance', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.112918526}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C94625758', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163', 'display_name': 'Politics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C175444787', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072', 'display_name': 'Microeconomics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/09645290210135751', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S5043877', 'display_name': 'Education Economics', 'issn_l': '0964-5292', 'issn': ['0964-5292', '1469-5782'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320547', 'host_organization_name': 'Taylor & Francis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Taylor & Francis'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/145553/3/1996_DP123.pdf.jpg', 'pdf_url': 'https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/145553/3/1996_DP123.pdf.jpg', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402539', 'display_name': 'ANU Open Research (Australian National University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I118347636', 'host_organization_name': 'Australian National University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I118347636'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Australian National University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/145553/3/1996_DP123.pdf.jpg', 'pdf_url': 'https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/145553/3/1996_DP123.pdf.jpg', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402539', 'display_name': 'ANU Open Research (Australian National University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I118347636', 'host_organization_name': 'Australian National University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I118347636'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Australian National University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8', 'display_name': 'Decent work and economic growth', 'score': 0.58}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 28, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1489573130', 'https://openalex.org/W1528647958', 'https://openalex.org/W1592469546', 'https://openalex.org/W1968826367', 'https://openalex.org/W1973420336', 'https://openalex.org/W1986449037', 'https://openalex.org/W1998155890', 'https://openalex.org/W2011541756', 'https://openalex.org/W2030132592', 'https://openalex.org/W2031030481', 'https://openalex.org/W2032572230', 'https://openalex.org/W2046336774', 'https://openalex.org/W2091473435', 'https://openalex.org/W2115747715', 'https://openalex.org/W2118204707', 'https://openalex.org/W2138632812', 'https://openalex.org/W2796050217', 'https://openalex.org/W3123143221', 'https://openalex.org/W3124684532', 'https://openalex.org/W3125960104', 'https://openalex.org/W3126113503', 'https://openalex.org/W3136650895', 'https://openalex.org/W3142532616', 'https://openalex.org/W4213439731', 'https://openalex.org/W4245467719', 'https://openalex.org/W4298863114', 'https://openalex.org/W610790461', 'https://openalex.org/W627992036'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3154789501', 'https://openalex.org/W3123758073', 'https://openalex.org/W2808756347', 'https://openalex.org/W2159138639', 'https://openalex.org/W2132321528', 'https://openalex.org/W2124767950', 'https://openalex.org/W1996891565', 'https://openalex.org/W1992236210', 'https://openalex.org/W1684419199', 'https://openalex.org/W1566790745'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0, 21], 'present': [1], 'paper': [2, 79], 'compares': [3], 'estimates': [4, 96], 'of': [5, 9, 24, 32, 68, 83, 86, 90, 102, 111, 117, 125, 133, 141, 216, 225, 238, 254, 272, 280, 310, 317, 324], 'the': [6, 27, 65, 84, 87, 138, 228, 236, 252, 260, 269, 277, 308, 322], 'social': [7, 22, 66, 88, 160, 270, 278, 315], 'rate': [8, 23, 67, 89, 140, 271, 279, 316], 'return': [10, 25, 69, 91, 142, 281, 318], 'to': [11, 30, 92, 107, 143, 147, 175, 178, 182, 185, 190, 230, 232, 247], 'education': [12, 37, 93, 126, 144, 157, 172, 226, 258, 283, 309], 'for': [13, 18, 74, 97, 127, 164, 203, 282, 287, 291, 307, 329], 'Indigenous': [14, 98, 129, 165, 204, 239, 288, 311], 'Australians': [15, 289], 'with': [16], 'those': [17], 'non-Indigenous': [19, 292], 'Australians.': [20, 99, 293], 'measures': [26], 'net': [28], 'benefits': [29, 161], 'society': [31, 44, 50, 168], 'educating': [33], 'its': [34, 46], 'citizens.': [35], 'If': [36], 'is': [38, 70, 145, 284, 319], 'treated': [39], 'as': [40, 62, 64], 'an': [41, 57, 108, 122, 128], 'investment': [42, 61, 331], 'by': [43, 56], 'in': [45, 59, 104, 119, 135, 169, 235, 251], 'people,': [47, 166], 'then': [48], 'Australian': [49], 'will': [51], 'be': [52, 132, 148, 201], 'made': [53], 'better': [54, 176, 179, 183], 'off': [55], 'increase': [58], 'educational': [60], 'long': [63], 'higher': [71, 115, 202, 210, 286], 'than': [72, 290, 321], 'that': [73, 155, 198, 222, 276, 301], 'other': [75], 'public': [76, 298], 'investments.': [77], 'This': [78, 196, 294], 'provides': [80], 'a': [81, 191, 213, 233, 248, 297], 'discussion': [82], 'concept': [85], 'and': [94, 114, 167, 188, 193, 206, 244, 266], 'some': [95], 'Higher': [100], 'levels': [101, 116, 224], 'education,': [103], 'general,': [105], 'lead': [106, 174, 246], 'increased': [109, 123, 257, 305], 'probability': [110], 'finding': [112], 'employment': [113], 'income': [118], 'employment.': [120], 'Hence,': [121], 'level': [124], 'person': [130], 'would': [131, 173, 200, 208], 'advantage': [134], 'economic': [136], 'terms;': [137], 'private': [139], 'likely': [146], 'quite': [149], 'high.': [150], 'In': [151, 218], 'addition,': [152, 219], 'we': [153, 220], 'argue': [154, 221], 'increasing': [156], 'has': [158], 'important': [159], '(so-called': [162], "'externalities')": [163], 'general:': [170], 'improved': [171, 223], 'nutrition,': [177], 'living': [180], 'conditions,': [181], 'access': [184], 'health': [186], 'services,': [187], 'hence': [189, 267], 'longer': [192, 214], 'healthier': [194], 'life.': [195], 'means': [197], 'productivity': [199], 'people': [205, 240, 312], 'they': [207], 'have': [209, 227], 'incomes': [211], 'over': [212], 'period': [215], 'time.': [217], 'capacity': [229], 'contribute': [231], 'decrease': [234], 'numbers': [237], 'who': [241], 'are': [242], 'imprisoned,': [243], 'thus': [245], 'direct': [249], 'reduction': [250], 'costs': [253, 265], 'imprisonment.': [255], 'Thus,': [256], 'increases': [259, 268], 'earnings': [261], 'span,': [262], 'decreases': [263], 'prison': [264], 'return.': [273], 'We': [274], 'find': [275], 'generally': [285], 'suggests,': [295], 'from': [296], 'policy': [299], 'perspective,': [300], 'government': [302, 330], 'should': [303], 'allocate': [304], 'funding': [306], 'since': [313], 'this': [314], 'greater': [320], 'Department': [323], 'Finance': [325], 'recommended': [326], 'cut-off': [327], 'rates': [328], 'projects.': [332]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2037195305', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 4}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-02T19:34:09.226791', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}