Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2036083936', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3141/1666-04', 'title': 'Automated Bus Dispatching, Operations Control, and Service Reliability: Baseline Analysis', 'display_name': 'Automated Bus Dispatching, Operations Control, and Service Reliability: Baseline Analysis', 'publication_year': 1999, 'publication_date': '1999-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2036083936', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3141/1666-04', 'mag': '2036083936'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3141/1666-04', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S145575934', 'display_name': 'Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board', 'issn_l': '0361-1981', 'issn': ['0361-1981', '2169-4052'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320017', 'host_organization_name': 'SAGE Publishing', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320017'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['SAGE Publishing'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/context/cus_pubs/article/1027/viewcontent/automated_bus_dispatching.pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5033538888', 'display_name': 'James G. Strathman', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126345244', 'display_name': 'Portland State University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00yn2fy02', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126345244']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'James G. Strathman', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Center for Urban Studies, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97207.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Center for Urban Studies, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97207.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126345244']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5048755354', 'display_name': 'Kenneth Dueker', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126345244', 'display_name': 'Portland State University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00yn2fy02', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126345244']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Kenneth J. Dueker', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Center for Urban Studies, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97207.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Center for Urban Studies, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97207.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126345244']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5003522201', 'display_name': 'Thomas J. Kimpel', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126345244', 'display_name': 'Portland State University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00yn2fy02', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126345244']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Thomas Kimpel', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Center for Urban Studies, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97207.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Center for Urban Studies, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97207.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126345244']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5069202502', 'display_name': 'Rick Gerhart', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802466632', 'display_name': 'Tri-City Medical Center', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/025w1ct43', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2802466632']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Rick Gerhart', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Tri-Met, 4012 SE 17th Avenue, Portland, OR 97202'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Tri-Met, 4012 SE 17th Avenue, Portland, OR 97202', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802466632']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5030396700', 'display_name': 'Ken Turner', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802466632', 'display_name': 'Tri-City Medical Center', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/025w1ct43', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2802466632']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ken Turner', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Tri-Met, 4012 SE 17th Avenue, Portland, OR 97202'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Tri-Met, 4012 SE 17th Avenue, Portland, OR 97202', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802466632']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5056509463', 'display_name': 'Pete Taylor', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802466632', 'display_name': 'Tri-City Medical Center', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/025w1ct43', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2802466632']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Pete Taylor', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Tri-Met, 4012 SE 17th Avenue, Portland, OR 97202'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Tri-Met, 4012 SE 17th Avenue, Portland, OR 97202', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802466632']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5049648768', 'display_name': 'Steve Callas', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802466632', 'display_name': 'Tri-City Medical Center', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/025w1ct43', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2802466632']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Steve Callas', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Tri-Met, 4012 SE 17th Avenue, Portland, OR 97202'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Tri-Met, 4012 SE 17th Avenue, Portland, OR 97202', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802466632']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5023932263', 'display_name': 'David Griffin', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8077-8610'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802466632', 'display_name': 'Tri-City Medical Center', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/025w1ct43', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2802466632']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'David Griffin', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Tri-Met, 4012 SE 17th Avenue, Portland, OR 97202'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Tri-Met, 4012 SE 17th Avenue, Portland, OR 97202', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802466632']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5001172499', 'display_name': 'Janet Hopper', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2802466632', 'display_name': 'Tri-City Medical Center', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/025w1ct43', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2802466632']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Janet Hopper', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Tri-Met, 4012 SE 17th Avenue, Portland, OR 97202'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Tri-Met, 4012 SE 17th Avenue, Portland, OR 97202', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2802466632']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 8.345, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 129, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.991214, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 96, 'max': 97}, 'biblio': {'volume': '1666', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '28', 'last_page': '36'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10698', 'display_name': 'Understanding Attitudes Towards Public Transport and Private Car', 'score': 0.9978, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3313', 'display_name': 'Transportation'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10698', 'display_name': 'Understanding Attitudes Towards Public Transport and Private Car', 'score': 0.9978, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3313', 'display_name': 'Transportation'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10391', 'display_name': 'Economics of Health Care Systems and Policies', 'score': 0.9867, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11344', 'display_name': 'Traffic Flow Prediction and Forecasting', 'score': 0.9824, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2215', 'display_name': 'Building and Construction'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline', 'display_name': 'Baseline (sea)', 'score': 0.849337}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-vehicle-location', 'display_name': 'Automatic vehicle location', 'score': 0.5828649}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/travel-time-reliability', 'display_name': 'Travel Time Reliability', 'score': 0.535821}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/transit-network-design', 'display_name': 'Transit Network Design', 'score': 0.512175}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C12725497', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247', 'display_name': 'Baseline (sea)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.849337}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C43214815', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987', 'display_name': 'Reliability (semiconductor)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.76904875}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202176563', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2527484', 'display_name': 'Automatic vehicle location', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5828649}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780378061', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891', 'display_name': 'Service (business)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5451923}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C22212356', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325', 'display_name': 'Transport engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.48357362}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C200601418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887', 'display_name': 'Reliability engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.45538357}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4445337}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.428349}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C60229501', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822', 'display_name': 'Global Positioning System', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42375773}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C79403827', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988', 'display_name': 'Real-time computing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.33298555}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C76155785', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418', 'display_name': 'Telecommunications', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.13232839}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136264566', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810', 'display_name': 'Economy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C163258240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342', 'display_name': 'Power (physics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111368507', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518', 'display_name': 'Oceanography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3141/1666-04', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S145575934', 'display_name': 'Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board', 'issn_l': '0361-1981', 'issn': ['0361-1981', '2169-4052'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320017', 'host_organization_name': 'SAGE Publishing', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320017'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['SAGE Publishing'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/context/cus_pubs/article/1027/viewcontent/automated_bus_dispatching.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/context/cus_pubs/article/1027/viewcontent/automated_bus_dispatching.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4377196300', 'display_name': 'PDXScholar (Portland State University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I126345244', 'host_organization_name': 'Portland State University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126345244'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Portland State University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/cus_pubs/28', 'pdf_url': 'https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1027&context=cus_pubs', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4377196300', 'display_name': 'PDXScholar (Portland State University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I126345244', 'host_organization_name': 'Portland State University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126345244'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Portland State University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/context/cus_pubs/article/1027/viewcontent/automated_bus_dispatching.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/context/cus_pubs/article/1027/viewcontent/automated_bus_dispatching.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4377196300', 'display_name': 'PDXScholar (Portland State University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I126345244', 'host_organization_name': 'Portland State University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126345244'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Portland State University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 16, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W102033675', 'https://openalex.org/W118113458', 'https://openalex.org/W1518328951', 'https://openalex.org/W1524186021', 'https://openalex.org/W1671721960', 'https://openalex.org/W19604743', 'https://openalex.org/W1980831760', 'https://openalex.org/W1994115366', 'https://openalex.org/W2036977486', 'https://openalex.org/W2086738228', 'https://openalex.org/W2108818539', 'https://openalex.org/W2199508148', 'https://openalex.org/W2516321972', 'https://openalex.org/W394858751', 'https://openalex.org/W614776475', 'https://openalex.org/W755334971'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4322734194', 'https://openalex.org/W4233600955', 'https://openalex.org/W3005535424', 'https://openalex.org/W2994319598', 'https://openalex.org/W2913665393', 'https://openalex.org/W2391956340', 'https://openalex.org/W2369695847', 'https://openalex.org/W2110842462', 'https://openalex.org/W2033512842', 'https://openalex.org/W1607054433'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Tri-Met,': [0], 'the': [1, 30], 'transit': [2], 'provider': [3], 'in': [4, 36], 'Portland,': [5], 'Oregon,': [6], 'is': [7, 27, 40, 59], 'implementing': [8], 'a': [9, 17, 41], 'new': [10, 31], 'computer-aided': [11], 'bus': [12], 'dispatching': [13], 'system': [14, 21, 32], 'that': [15, 29], 'uses': [16], 'satellite-based': [18], 'global': [19], 'positioning': [20], 'to': [22, 61, 64], 'track': [23], 'vehicle': [24], 'location.': [25], 'It': [26], 'expected': [28], 'will': [33], 'produce': [34], 'improvements': [35], 'service': [37, 45], 'reliability.': [38], 'Presented': [39], 'baseline': [42], 'analysis': [43], 'of': [44, 70], 'reliability': [46], 'on': [47, 51], 'selected': [48], 'routes,': [49], 'focusing': [50], 'running': [52], 'times,': [53], 'headways,': [54], 'and': [55, 68], 'on-time': [56], 'performance.': [57], 'Reliability': [58], 'found': [60], 'vary': [62], 'according': [63], 'route': [65], 'characteristics,': [66], 'direction,': [67], 'time': [69], 'day.': [71]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2036083936', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 9}], 'updated_date': '2024-08-15T06:28:00.656111', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}