Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2034882603', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200900238', 'title': 'Orthogonal Transformations on Solid Substrates: Efficient Avenues to Surface Modification', 'display_name': 'Orthogonal Transformations on Solid Substrates: Efficient Avenues to Surface Modification', 'publication_year': 2009, 'publication_date': '2009-09-03', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2034882603', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200900238', 'mag': '2034882603'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200900238', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S99352657', 'display_name': 'Advanced Materials', 'issn_l': '0935-9648', 'issn': ['0935-9648', '1521-4095'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5058197712', 'display_name': 'Leena Nebhani', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3730-086X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I102335020', 'display_name': 'Karlsruhe Institute of Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04t3en479', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I102335020', 'https://openalex.org/I1305996414']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Leena Nebhani', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Universität Karlsruhe (TH)/Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Universität Karlsruhe (TH)/Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I102335020']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5004482996', 'display_name': 'Christopher Barner‐Kowollik', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6745-0570'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I102335020', 'display_name': 'Karlsruhe Institute of Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04t3en479', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I102335020', 'https://openalex.org/I1305996414']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Christopher Barner-Kowollik', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Universität Karlsruhe (TH)/Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Universität Karlsruhe (TH)/Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I102335020']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 5250, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 5250, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 12.138, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 140, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.900038, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '21', 'issue': '34', 'first_page': '3442', 'last_page': '3468'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11440', 'display_name': 'Click Chemistry in Chemical Biology and Drug Development', 'score': 0.9981, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1605', 'display_name': 'Organic Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/16', 'display_name': 'Chemistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11440', 'display_name': 'Click Chemistry in Chemical Biology and Drug Development', 'score': 0.9981, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1605', 'display_name': 'Organic Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/16', 'display_name': 'Chemistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10911', 'display_name': 'Peptide Synthesis and Drug Discovery', 'score': 0.9962, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10913', 'display_name': 'Molecular Electronic Devices and Systems', 'score': 0.9906, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2208', 'display_name': 'Electrical and Electronic Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/biomolecule', 'display_name': 'Biomolecule', 'score': 0.70063686}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-modification', 'display_name': 'Surface Modification', 'score': 0.615366}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/click-chemistry', 'display_name': 'Click Chemistry', 'score': 0.566344}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/bioorthogonal-chemistry', 'display_name': 'Bioorthogonal Chemistry', 'score': 0.542664}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/pericyclic-reaction', 'display_name': 'Pericyclic reaction', 'score': 0.50478446}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/solid-surface', 'display_name': 'Solid surface', 'score': 0.49705508}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C115537861', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7645993', 'display_name': 'Surface modification', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8289961}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C69610077', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912270', 'display_name': 'Click chemistry', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.77306265}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C49853544', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206229', 'display_name': 'Biomolecule', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.70063686}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C171250308', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468', 'display_name': 'Nanotechnology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6811537}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6708901}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C171999351', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898403', 'display_name': 'Pericyclic reaction', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.50478446}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2994054872', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3489404', 'display_name': 'Solid surface', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49705508}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162862793', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178026', 'display_name': 'Fullerene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48604947}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42360764', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588', 'display_name': 'Chemical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.30818844}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.23502472}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.1989454}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C188027245', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446', 'display_name': 'Polymer chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.15897575}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159467904', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001702', 'display_name': 'Chemical physics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.11452827}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200900238', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S99352657', 'display_name': 'Advanced Materials', 'issn_l': '0935-9648', 'issn': ['0935-9648', '1521-4095'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 199, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1964501898', 'https://openalex.org/W1964609888', 'https://openalex.org/W1965349981', 'https://openalex.org/W1965471503', 'https://openalex.org/W1966020703', 'https://openalex.org/W1966751543', 'https://openalex.org/W1967816613', 'https://openalex.org/W1968421448', 'https://openalex.org/W1968572241', 'https://openalex.org/W1968652549', 'https://openalex.org/W1970096277', 'https://openalex.org/W1971608837', 'https://openalex.org/W1975687263', 'https://openalex.org/W1975825491', 'https://openalex.org/W1975876904', 'https://openalex.org/W1976438975', 'https://openalex.org/W1976879385', 'https://openalex.org/W1980516378', 'https://openalex.org/W1981337980', 'https://openalex.org/W1982483962', 'https://openalex.org/W1983468562', 'https://openalex.org/W1983652864', 'https://openalex.org/W1985596913', 'https://openalex.org/W1986167432', 'https://openalex.org/W1986201693', 'https://openalex.org/W1986352004', 'https://openalex.org/W1987052775', 'https://openalex.org/W1987160551', 'https://openalex.org/W1987628009', 'https://openalex.org/W1988472169', 'https://openalex.org/W1989704479', 'https://openalex.org/W1991197510', 'https://openalex.org/W1991584814', 'https://openalex.org/W1992333078', 'https://openalex.org/W1992726362', 'https://openalex.org/W1992865052', 'https://openalex.org/W1993177131', 'https://openalex.org/W1997093246', 'https://openalex.org/W1997313982', 'https://openalex.org/W1997919302', 'https://openalex.org/W1998280182', 'https://openalex.org/W1998281576', 'https://openalex.org/W1998612775', 'https://openalex.org/W2000755788', 'https://openalex.org/W2003025773', 'https://openalex.org/W2003266606', 'https://openalex.org/W2003369736', 'https://openalex.org/W2005818688', 'https://openalex.org/W2006223369', 'https://openalex.org/W2007790188', 'https://openalex.org/W2008887997', 'https://openalex.org/W2010542051', 'https://openalex.org/W2010725557', 'https://openalex.org/W2010935294', 'https://openalex.org/W2011951388', 'https://openalex.org/W2013117405', 'https://openalex.org/W2014317054', 'https://openalex.org/W2015498249', 'https://openalex.org/W2019680275', 'https://openalex.org/W2020933451', 'https://openalex.org/W2021233453', 'https://openalex.org/W2023196730', 'https://openalex.org/W2023433298', 'https://openalex.org/W2023890791', 'https://openalex.org/W2024811504', 'https://openalex.org/W2025680821', 'https://openalex.org/W2025747013', 'https://openalex.org/W2026015835', 'https://openalex.org/W2026847091', 'https://openalex.org/W2026853153', 'https://openalex.org/W2028511411', 'https://openalex.org/W2028606154', 'https://openalex.org/W2028769749', 'https://openalex.org/W2028914600', 'https://openalex.org/W2030345894', 'https://openalex.org/W2030944263', 'https://openalex.org/W2031267385', 'https://openalex.org/W2031456657', 'https://openalex.org/W2031691795', 'https://openalex.org/W2033654553', 'https://openalex.org/W2034075413', 'https://openalex.org/W2035523215', 'https://openalex.org/W2035689717', 'https://openalex.org/W2036670812', 'https://openalex.org/W2040045880', 'https://openalex.org/W2043013877', 'https://openalex.org/W2043876520', 'https://openalex.org/W2044571535', 'https://openalex.org/W2044919425', 'https://openalex.org/W2052094466', 'https://openalex.org/W2052731133', 'https://openalex.org/W2052859437', 'https://openalex.org/W2053749115', 'https://openalex.org/W2053879268', 'https://openalex.org/W2054606430', 'https://openalex.org/W2056694844', 'https://openalex.org/W2056947115', 'https://openalex.org/W2057341852', 'https://openalex.org/W2057713370', 'https://openalex.org/W2059359317', 'https://openalex.org/W2061004861', 'https://openalex.org/W2061863138', 'https://openalex.org/W2063716813', 'https://openalex.org/W2064654229', 'https://openalex.org/W2065272323', 'https://openalex.org/W2065939392', 'https://openalex.org/W2068112801', 'https://openalex.org/W2069071873', 'https://openalex.org/W2070750794', 'https://openalex.org/W2071659125', 'https://openalex.org/W2072142839', 'https://openalex.org/W2073606437', 'https://openalex.org/W2075411188', 'https://openalex.org/W2080511631', 'https://openalex.org/W2080575130', 'https://openalex.org/W2081743477', 'https://openalex.org/W2082063506', 'https://openalex.org/W2083783900', 'https://openalex.org/W2085078604', 'https://openalex.org/W2085738178', 'https://openalex.org/W2086445154', 'https://openalex.org/W2086552159', 'https://openalex.org/W2088244926', 'https://openalex.org/W2088731351', 'https://openalex.org/W2090017481', 'https://openalex.org/W2090713106', 'https://openalex.org/W2091193147', 'https://openalex.org/W2091468800', 'https://openalex.org/W2091718555', 'https://openalex.org/W2091766228', 'https://openalex.org/W2092102953', 'https://openalex.org/W2092279956', 'https://openalex.org/W2095729305', 'https://openalex.org/W2098624753', 'https://openalex.org/W2101705789', 'https://openalex.org/W2103098331', 'https://openalex.org/W2103533506', 'https://openalex.org/W2105202307', 'https://openalex.org/W2106563217', 'https://openalex.org/W2110763786', 'https://openalex.org/W2110843150', 'https://openalex.org/W2112696900', 'https://openalex.org/W2114045368', 'https://openalex.org/W2114184070', 'https://openalex.org/W2115002136', 'https://openalex.org/W2115797520', 'https://openalex.org/W2115940597', 'https://openalex.org/W2119274493', 'https://openalex.org/W2121013252', 'https://openalex.org/W2122486657', 'https://openalex.org/W2123127977', 'https://openalex.org/W2126834192', 'https://openalex.org/W2129569338', 'https://openalex.org/W2130934133', 'https://openalex.org/W2131256178', 'https://openalex.org/W2134000656', 'https://openalex.org/W2134819724', 'https://openalex.org/W2136084034', 'https://openalex.org/W2137364306', 'https://openalex.org/W2139938582', 'https://openalex.org/W2144122182', 'https://openalex.org/W2145117143', 'https://openalex.org/W2145662716', 'https://openalex.org/W2147092876', 'https://openalex.org/W2148075008', 'https://openalex.org/W2151643182', 'https://openalex.org/W2157175660', 'https://openalex.org/W2157546480', 'https://openalex.org/W2158001824', 'https://openalex.org/W2158244026', 'https://openalex.org/W2158396006', 'https://openalex.org/W2158919931', 'https://openalex.org/W2161741006', 'https://openalex.org/W2162586071', 'https://openalex.org/W2163018921', 'https://openalex.org/W2165711924', 'https://openalex.org/W2166806803', 'https://openalex.org/W2166937817', 'https://openalex.org/W2171660150', 'https://openalex.org/W2185386454', 'https://openalex.org/W2319235878', 'https://openalex.org/W2323016414', 'https://openalex.org/W2324454580', 'https://openalex.org/W2331460863', 'https://openalex.org/W2331873033', 'https://openalex.org/W245150583', 'https://openalex.org/W2615030411', 'https://openalex.org/W286831253', 'https://openalex.org/W2949491469', 'https://openalex.org/W2950232921', 'https://openalex.org/W2950523326', 'https://openalex.org/W2951493893', 'https://openalex.org/W2952963458', 'https://openalex.org/W2953011238', 'https://openalex.org/W309564753', 'https://openalex.org/W4231379129', 'https://openalex.org/W4242505774', 'https://openalex.org/W4256503849', 'https://openalex.org/W86770386'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4307287688', 'https://openalex.org/W2745012822', 'https://openalex.org/W2166539545', 'https://openalex.org/W2066621269', 'https://openalex.org/W2041357241', 'https://openalex.org/W2034882603', 'https://openalex.org/W2018370632', 'https://openalex.org/W2011951388', 'https://openalex.org/W178978328', 'https://openalex.org/W1754895483'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'The': [1, 101], 'performance': [2], 'of': [3, 36, 48, 71, 84, 103], 'solid': [4], 'substrates': [5], 'is': [6, 15, 78], 'not': [7], 'only': [8], 'governed': [9], 'by': [10, 19], 'their': [11, 20], 'molecular': [12], 'constitution,': [13], 'but': [14], 'also': [16], 'critically': [17, 32], 'influenced': [18], 'surface': [21, 46, 99, 134], 'constitution': [22], 'at': [23], 'the': [24, 34, 69, 87, 104, 112], 'solid/gas': [25], 'or': [26], 'solid/liquid': [27], 'interface.': [28], 'In': [29, 67], 'here,': [30], 'we': [31], 'review': [33], 'use': [35], 'orthogonal': [37], 'chemical': [38], 'transformations': [39], '(so‐called': [40], 'click': [41, 74, 88, 105], 'chemistry)': [42], 'to': [43, 60, 130], 'achieve': [44], 'efficient': [45, 98], 'modifications': [47], 'materials': [49, 122], 'ranging': [50], 'from': [51, 111, 125], 'gold': [52], 'and': [53, 58, 127], 'silica': [54], 'nanoparticles,': [55], 'polymeric': [56], 'films,': [57], 'microspheres': [59], 'fullerenes': [61], 'as': [62, 64], 'well': [63], 'carbon': [65], 'nanotubes.': [66], 'addition,': [68], 'functionalization': [70], 'surfaces': [72], 'via': [73], 'chemistry': [75, 106], 'with': [76], 'biomolecules': [77], 'explored.': [79], 'Although': [80], 'a': [81, 115], 'large': [82], 'host': [83], 'reactions': [85, 92, 129], 'fulfilling': [86], '‐criteria': [89], 'exist,': [90], 'pericyclic': [91], 'are': [93], 'most': [94], 'frequently': [95], 'employed': [96], 'for': [97, 121], 'modifications.': [100], 'advent': [102], 'concept': [107], 'has': [108], 'led—as': [109], 'evident': [110], 'current': [113, 119], 'literature—to': [114], 'paradigm': [116], 'shift': [117], 'in': [118], 'approaches': [120], 'modification:': [123], 'Away': [124], 'unspecific': [126], 'nonselective': [128], 'highly': [131], 'specific': [132], 'true': [133], 'engineering.': [135]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2034882603', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 18}], 'updated_date': '2024-08-14T13:22:52.059491', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}