Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2032352371', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0755(199901/02)9:1<5::aid-aqc330>3.0.co;2-u', 'title': 'An evaluation of artificial reef structures as tools for marine habitat rehabilitation in the Maldives', 'display_name': 'An evaluation of artificial reef structures as tools for marine habitat rehabilitation in the Maldives', 'publication_year': 1999, 'publication_date': '1999-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2032352371', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0755(199901/02)9:1<5::aid-aqc330>3.0.co;2-u', 'mag': '2032352371'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0755(199901/02)9:1<5::aid-aqc330>3.0.co;2-u', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S97382565', 'display_name': 'Aquatic Conservation Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems', 'issn_l': '1052-7613', 'issn': ['1052-7613', '1099-0755'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5021576932', 'display_name': 'S. Clark', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I78757542', 'display_name': 'University of Newcastle Australia', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00eae9z71', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I78757542']}], 'countries': ['AU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'S. Clark', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Marine Sciences and Coastal Management, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Marine Sciences and Coastal Management, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK,', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I78757542']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5013854512', 'display_name': 'Alasdair J. Edwards', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2979-7389'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I78757542', 'display_name': 'University of Newcastle Australia', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00eae9z71', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I78757542']}], 'countries': ['AU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'A.J. Edwards', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Marine Sciences and Coastal Management, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Marine Sciences and Coastal Management, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK,', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I78757542']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 4840, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4840, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.388, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 119, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.964739, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 96, 'max': 97}, 'biblio': {'volume': '9', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '5', 'last_page': '21'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10341', 'display_name': 'Resilience of Coral Reef Ecosystems to Climate Change', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2303', 'display_name': 'Ecology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10341', 'display_name': 'Resilience of Coral Reef Ecosystems to Climate Change', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2303', 'display_name': 'Ecology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10230', 'display_name': 'Impacts of Climate Change on Marine Fisheries', 'score': 0.9924, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2306', 'display_name': 'Global and Planetary Change'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12414', 'display_name': 'Importance of Marine Spatial Planning in Ecosystem Management', 'score': 0.9891, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2308', 'display_name': 'Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-reef', 'display_name': 'Artificial reef', 'score': 0.90586126}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-coastal-management', 'display_name': 'Integrated Coastal Management', 'score': 0.45397}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C77044568', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184358', 'display_name': 'Reef', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.93105495}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776499504', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q985843', 'display_name': 'Artificial reef', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.90586126}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C79367842', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11292', 'display_name': 'Coral reef', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6788122}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C73849760', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5169528', 'display_name': 'Coral reef protection', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6121598}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185933670', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105', 'display_name': 'Habitat', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.587392}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C505870484', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538', 'display_name': 'Fishery', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5625588}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C125460053', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315550', 'display_name': 'Resilience of coral reefs', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5481203}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39432304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847', 'display_name': 'Environmental science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.46826866}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C53565203', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146659', 'display_name': 'Species richness', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43793687}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776608160', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462', 'display_name': 'Natural (archaeology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4316682}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4089257}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111368507', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518', 'display_name': 'Oceanography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35013813}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.250018}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.12012759}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C151730666', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205', 'display_name': 'Paleontology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.06342131}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0755(199901/02)9:1<5::aid-aqc330>3.0.co;2-u', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S97382565', 'display_name': 'Aquatic Conservation Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems', 'issn_l': '1052-7613', 'issn': ['1052-7613', '1099-0755'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Life below water', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14', 'score': 0.81}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 15, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W171744082', 'https://openalex.org/W1986625242', 'https://openalex.org/W2013522946', 'https://openalex.org/W2046295426', 'https://openalex.org/W2092348440', 'https://openalex.org/W2097618376', 'https://openalex.org/W2103148338', 'https://openalex.org/W2120199044', 'https://openalex.org/W2148351708', 'https://openalex.org/W2167753152', 'https://openalex.org/W2297370949', 'https://openalex.org/W2746485780', 'https://openalex.org/W4251676239', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527', 'https://openalex.org/W4300780026'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3213376507', 'https://openalex.org/W3146611414', 'https://openalex.org/W3097237149', 'https://openalex.org/W3003582352', 'https://openalex.org/W2406587338', 'https://openalex.org/W2104919123', 'https://openalex.org/W2084228901', 'https://openalex.org/W2079287616', 'https://openalex.org/W2018708029', 'https://openalex.org/W2012693525'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Aquatic': [0, 517], 'Conservation:': [1], 'Marine': [2, 34, 49, 72, 98, 113, 136], 'and': [3, 36, 51, 74, 100, 115, 138, 180, 184, 196, 203, 222, 260, 348, 369, 401, 491, 493], 'Freshwater': [4], 'EcosystemsVolume': [5], '9,': [6], 'Issue': [7], '1': [8, 387], 'p.': [9], '5-21': [10, 520], 'Research': [11], 'Article': [12], 'An': [13, 305, 472], 'evaluation': [14, 473], 'of': [15, 33, 40, 48, 55, 71, 78, 97, 104, 112, 119, 135, 142, 182, 192, 205, 216, 248, 256, 264, 284, 287, 296, 334, 342, 358, 361, 364, 389, 403, 416, 437, 461, 474, 477], 'artificial': [16, 297, 307, 392, 422, 480], 'reef': [17, 298, 308, 328, 393, 404, 410, 423, 432, 451, 481], 'structures': [18, 299, 360, 394, 424, 452, 482], 'as': [19], 'tools': [20], 'for': [21, 63, 86, 127, 150, 239, 276, 345, 498], 'marine': [22], 'habitat': [23], 'rehabilitation': [24], 'in': [25, 245, 293, 312, 467, 485, 494], 'the': [26, 198, 208, 235, 240, 254, 261, 294, 335, 340, 381, 391, 413, 417, 421, 449, 475, 478, 499], 'Maldives': [27], 'S.': [28, 92], 'Clark,': [29, 93], 'Corresponding': [30, 94], 'Author': [31, 95], 'Department': [32, 70, 96, 134], 'Sciences': [35, 50, 73, 99, 114, 137], 'Coastal': [37, 52, 75, 101, 116, 139], 'Management,': [38, 53, 76, 102, 117, 140], 'University': [39, 54, 77, 103, 118, 141], 'Newcastle,': [41, 56, 79, 105, 120, 143], 'Newcastle': [42, 57, 80, 106, 121, 144], 'upon': [43, 58, 81, 107, 122, 145], 'Tyne,': [44, 59, 82, 108, 123, 146], 'NE1': [45, 60, 83, 109, 124, 147], '7RU,': [46, 61, 84, 110, 125, 148], 'UKDepartment': [47, 111], 'UKSearch': [62, 85, 126, 149], 'more': [64, 87, 128, 151], 'papers': [65, 88, 129, 152], 'by': [66, 89, 130, 153], 'this': [67, 90, 131, 154, 217], 'authorA.J.': [68, 132], 'Edwards,': [69, 133], 'author': [91, 155], 'First': [156], 'published:': [157], '14': [158], 'April': [159], '1999': [160, 505], 'https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0755(199901/02)9:1<5::AID-AQC330>3.0.CO;2-UCitations:': [161], '61AboutPDF': [162], 'ToolsRequest': [163], 'permissionExport': [164], 'citationAdd': [165], 'to': [166, 188, 211, 253, 272, 300, 314, 320, 325, 338, 351, 380, 428, 487], 'favoritesTrack': [167], 'citation': [168], 'ShareShare': [169], 'Give': [170], 'accessShare': [171, 174], 'full': [172], 'text': [173], 'full-text': [175, 190, 214], 'accessPlease': [176], 'review': [177], 'our': [178], 'Terms': [179, 202], 'Conditions': [181, 204], 'Use': [183], 'check': [185], 'box': [186], 'below': [187, 210], 'share': [189, 212], 'version': [191, 215], 'article.I': [193], 'have': [194], 'read': [195], 'accept': [197], 'Wiley': [199, 507], 'Online': [200], 'Library': [201], 'UseShareable': [206], 'LinkUse': [207], 'link': [209], 'a': [213, 228, 322, 374, 438], 'article': [218], 'with': [219, 496], 'your': [220], 'friends': [221], 'colleagues.': [223], 'Learn': [224], 'more.Copy': [225], 'URL': [226], 'Share': [227], 'linkShare': [229], 'onEmailFacebookTwitterLinked': [230], 'InRedditWechat': [231], 'Abstract': [232], '1.': [233], 'In': [234], 'Maldives,': [236], 'coral': [237, 444], 'mining': [238], 'construction': [241], 'industry': [242], 'has': [243, 290], 'resulted': [244], 'widespread': [246], 'degradation': [247], 'shallow': [249], 'reef-flat': [250], 'areas.': [251], 'Due': [252], 'loss': [255], 'these': [257, 302], 'coastal': [258, 265], 'resources': [259], 'associated': [262], 'problems': [263], 'erosion,': [266], 'there': [267], 'is': [268, 318, 483], 'an': [269], 'urgent': [270], 'need': [271], 'find': [273], 'practical': [274], 'methods': [275], 'rehabilitating': [277], 'mined': [278, 288, 376], 'reefs.': [279], '2.': [280], 'The': [281, 331], 'slow': [282], 'rates': [283], 'natural': [285, 327], 'recovery': [286, 500], 'reefs': [289, 344], 'prompted': [291], 'interest': [292], 'potential': [295], 'rehabilitate': [301], 'degraded': [303, 343], 'habitats.': [304], 'experimental': [306], 'programme': [309, 440], 'was': [310, 425], 'initiated': [311], '1990': [313], 'discover': [315], 'whether': [316], 'it': [317], 'feasible': [319], 'use': [321], 'bio-engineering': [323], 'approach': [324], 'kick-start': [326], 'recovery.': [329], '3.': [330], 'main': [332], 'goals': [333], 'project': [336], 'were': [337, 371, 454, 463], 'restore': [339], 'capacity': [341], 'sea': [346], 'defence': [347], 'their': [349, 488], 'ability': [350], 'harbour': [352], 'fish': [353, 405, 418], 'species.': [354], 'Accordingly,': [355], '360': [356], 't': [357], 'concrete': [359], 'varying': [362], 'levels': [363], 'topographic': [365], 'complexity,': [366], 'stabilising': [367], 'effect': [368], 'cost': [370], 'deployed': [372], 'on': [373, 420, 430, 448], 'heavily': [375], 'study': [377], 'site': [378], 'close': [379], 'capital': [382], 'island,': [383], 'Malé.': [384], '4.': [385], 'Within': [386], 'year': [388], 'deployment,': [390], 'had': [395, 446], 'similar': [396], 'or': [397], 'greater': [398], 'species': [399], 'richness': [400], 'densities': [402], 'than': [406], 'did': [407], 'control': [408], 'pristine': [409], 'flats.': [411, 433], 'However,': [412], 'community': [414], 'structure': [415], 'populations': [419], 'significantly': [426], 'different': [427], 'that': [429, 442], 'unmined': [431], '5.': [434], 'Preliminary': [435], 'results': [436], 'monitoring': [439], 'indicated': [441], 'substantial': [443], 'recruitment': [445], 'occurred': [447], 'larger': [450], 'which': [453, 462], 'each': [455], 'supporting': [456], 'ca.': [457], '500': [458], 'colonies,': [459], 'some': [460], 'approaching': [464], '25': [465], 'cm': [466], 'diameter': [468], 'after': [469], '3.5': [470], 'years.': [471], 'effectiveness': [476], 'various': [479], 'discussed': [484], 'relation': [486], 'design': [489], 'features': [490], 'costs': [492], 'line': [495], 'timescales': [497], 'processes.': [501], 'Copyright': [502, 503], '©': [504], 'John': [506], '&': [508], 'Sons,': [509], 'Ltd.': [510], 'Citing': [511], 'Literature': [512], 'Volume9,': [513], 'Issue1Special': [514], 'Issue:': [515], 'Restoring': [516], 'EcosystemsJanuary/February': [518], '1999Pages': [519], 'RelatedInformation': [521]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2032352371', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-09T08:55:19.044537', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}