Title: Principles of flow of kaolin and bentonite dispersions
Abstract: Flow of kaolin and bentonite dispersions is decisively determined by edge(+)/face(−) contacts (card-houses) in an acidic medium and face(−)/face(−) contacts (band-like structures) in an alkaline medium. Formation of the different networks depends on pH and CaNa ratio. Calcium ions promote face(−)/face(−) contacts and stabilize band-like structures. In alkaline dispersions of homoionic sodium smectites and at low salt concentration, sodium ions cause disintegration of the particles into thinner lamellae and stacks of silicate layers which, at low solid content (about <5%), move independently under applied stress (Newtonian flow). These dispersions are sensitive to the CaNa ratio. Some amounts of calcium ions link the lamellae and stacks of layers to form band-like networks, and the consistency of the dispersion increases considerably. Admixed crystalline or non-crystalline materials affect the flow of clay dispersions when they interact with the clay minerals. An example is the influence of iron oxides. Organic compounds can stabilize or destabilize networks, which is demonstrated for surface active agents and kaolinite.
Publication Year: 1989
Publication Date: 1989-06-01
Language: en
Type: article
Indexed In: ['crossref']
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Cited By Count: 288
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