Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2030587698', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2006.08.111', 'title': 'Uroscopy by Hippocrates and Theophilus: Prognosis Versus Diagnosis', 'display_name': 'Uroscopy by Hippocrates and Theophilus: Prognosis Versus Diagnosis', 'publication_year': 2006, 'publication_date': '2006-12-10', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2030587698', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2006.08.111', 'mag': '2030587698', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17161998'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2006.08.111', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S30525748', 'display_name': 'The Journal of Urology', 'issn_l': '0022-5347', 'issn': ['0022-5347', '1527-3792'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5052646292', 'display_name': 'Erik Kouba', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5430-8850'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114027177', 'display_name': 'University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0130frc33', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Erik Kouba', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Division of Urologic Surgery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Division of Urologic Surgery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5082025794', 'display_name': 'Eric Wallen', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114027177', 'display_name': 'University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0130frc33', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Eric M. Wallen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Division of Urologic Surgery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Division of Urologic Surgery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5073387299', 'display_name': 'Raj S. Pruthi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4376-2019'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114027177', 'display_name': 'University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0130frc33', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Raj S. Pruthi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Division of Urologic Surgery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Division of Urologic Surgery, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 8.262, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 28, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.993681, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 89, 'max': 90}, 'biblio': {'volume': '177', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '50', 'last_page': '52'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12324', 'display_name': 'History of Medicine Studies', 'score': 0.9988, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1202', 'display_name': 'History'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/12', 'display_name': 'Arts and Humanities'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12324', 'display_name': 'History of Medicine Studies', 'score': 0.9988, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1202', 'display_name': 'History'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/12', 'display_name': 'Arts and Humanities'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13597', 'display_name': 'Medicine and Dermatology Studies History', 'score': 0.9294, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2708', 'display_name': 'Dermatology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12990', 'display_name': 'Medical History and Innovations', 'score': 0.9288, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1202', 'display_name': 'History'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/12', 'display_name': 'Arts and Humanities'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/milestone', 'display_name': 'Milestone', 'score': 0.6237176}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.83695304}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120060458', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10145', 'display_name': 'Milestone', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6237176}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779343474', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175', 'display_name': 'Context (archaeology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5779965}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74916050', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090', 'display_name': 'Classics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.42488453}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95457728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309', 'display_name': 'History', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.14841938}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C166957645', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498', 'display_name': 'Archaeology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D003950', 'descriptor_name': 'Diagnostic Techniques, Urological', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000266', 'qualifier_name': 'history', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014556', 'descriptor_name': 'Urine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003950', 'descriptor_name': 'Diagnostic Techniques, Urological', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000076145', 'descriptor_name': 'Greece, Ancient', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D049690', 'descriptor_name': 'History, Ancient', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011379', 'descriptor_name': 'Prognosis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014421', 'descriptor_name': 'Turkey', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2006.08.111', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S30525748', 'display_name': 'The Journal of Urology', 'issn_l': '0022-5347', 'issn': ['0022-5347', '1527-3792'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17161998', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'score': 0.43}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 18, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1480404262', 'https://openalex.org/W1515265090', 'https://openalex.org/W160138293', 'https://openalex.org/W1936431505', 'https://openalex.org/W2001497341', 'https://openalex.org/W2001804821', 'https://openalex.org/W2025843592', 'https://openalex.org/W2049651549', 'https://openalex.org/W2050190517', 'https://openalex.org/W2050665827', 'https://openalex.org/W2055159644', 'https://openalex.org/W2061396994', 'https://openalex.org/W2067096034', 'https://openalex.org/W2079043246', 'https://openalex.org/W2088040621', 'https://openalex.org/W2095368098', 'https://openalex.org/W2124727742', 'https://openalex.org/W2315647922'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4313127962', 'https://openalex.org/W4214919404', 'https://openalex.org/W3179015659', 'https://openalex.org/W3156860894', 'https://openalex.org/W3156662735', 'https://openalex.org/W2348003662', 'https://openalex.org/W2314924376', 'https://openalex.org/W2026393116', 'https://openalex.org/W2014272230', 'https://openalex.org/W1531352465'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'No': [0], 'AccessJournal': [1], 'of': [2, 58, 76, 79, 107, 114, 137, 139, 156, 178, 189, 234, 242, 250, 255, 302, 320, 330, 337, 383, 398, 472, 475, 499, 501, 505, 539, 590, 595], 'UrologyHistorical': [3], 'article1': [4], 'Jan': [5], '2007Uroscopy': [6], 'by': [7, 81, 280, 311, 606, 620, 629, 637, 645], 'Hippocrates': [8, 82, 111], 'and': [9, 19, 33, 85, 93, 98, 135, 151, 169, 209, 268, 283, 299, 368, 381, 396, 410, 422, 425, 431, 446, 466, 483, 577], 'Theophilus:': [10], 'Prognosis': [11], 'Versus': [12], 'Diagnosis': [13], 'Erik': [14, 23, 625], 'Kouba,': [15], 'Eric': [16, 27, 632], 'M.': [17, 28, 30, 633], 'Wallen,': [18], 'Raj': [20, 34, 640], 'S.': [21, 35, 37, 641], 'Pruthi': [22, 38, 642], 'KoubaErik': [24], 'Kouba': [25, 626], ',': [26, 32], 'WallenEric': [29], 'Wallen': [31, 634], 'PruthiRaj': [36], 'View': [39], 'All': [40, 649], 'Author': [41], 'Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2006.08.111AboutFull': [42], 'TextPDF': [43], 'ToolsAdd': [44], 'to': [45, 71, 118, 121, 211, 219, 228, 239, 271, 469, 574], 'favoritesDownload': [46], 'CitationsTrack': [47], 'CitationsPermissionsReprints': [48], 'ShareFacebookLinked': [49], 'InTwitterEmail': [50], 'Abstract': [51], 'Purpose:': [52], 'In': [53, 141, 158], 'antiquity': [54], 'the': [55, 77, 104, 115, 176, 196, 235, 240, 253, 281, 286, 306, 318, 328, 334, 338, 356, 366, 369, 470, 506, 552, 559], 'visual': [56], 'examination': [57, 188], 'urine': [59, 120, 126, 370, 432], '(uroscopy)': [60], 'is': [61, 170], 'well': [62, 102], 'documented.': [63], 'Uroscopy': [64], 'gradually': [65], 'evolved': [66], 'from': [67], 'a': [68, 72, 131, 163, 205], 'prognostic': [69], 'indicator': [70], 'diagnostic': [73, 167], 'tool.': [74], 'Comparison': [75], 'uses': [78], 'uroscopy': [80, 153, 161, 185, 203, 213, 229, 284, 504], '(400': [83], 'BC)': [84], 'Theophilus': [86, 146, 201, 231], '(700': [87], 'AD)': [88], 'illustrates': [89], 'this': [90, 159, 630, 638, 646], 'transformation.': [91], 'Materials': [92], 'Methods:': [94], 'We': [95], 'reviewed': [96], 'medical': [97, 244, 335, 579], 'historical': [99, 269, 525], 'literature': [100], 'as': [101, 103, 130, 276], 'translated': [105], 'works': [106], 'Hippocrates.': [108], 'Results:': [109], 'Although': [110], 'was': [112, 127, 224], 'one': [113, 233], 'first': [116], 'physicians': [117, 236], 'use': [119, 212], 'interpret': [122], 'human': [123], 'body': [124], 'functioning,': [125], 'mainly': [128], 'used': [129, 152, 186], 'means': [132], 'for': [133, 154, 165, 198, 317], 'prognosis': [134, 426], 'prediction': [136], 'outcomes': [138], 'illness.': [140, 190, 222], 'his': [142], 'text': [143], 'De': [144, 273, 331, 353], 'Urinis': [145], 'introduced': [147], 'an': [148, 172, 215], 'innovative': [149], 'doctrine': [150], 'diagnosis': [155, 424], 'illnesses.': [157], 'respect': [160], 'became': [162, 232], 'paradigm': [164], 'later': [166], 'strategies': [168], 'considered': [171, 193], 'important': [173], 'milestone': [174], 'in': [175, 187, 195, 204, 214, 285, 333, 355, 427, 551], 'history': [177], 'clinical': [179, 256, 452], 'diagnosis.': [180], 'Conclusions:': [181], "Hippocrates'": [182], 'writings': [183], 'displayed': [184], 'However,': [191], 'he': [192], 'it': [194], 'context': [197], 'accurate': [199], 'prognoses.': [200], 'treated': [202], 'sophisticated': [206], 'objective': [207], 'manner': [208], 'attempted': [210], 'orderly,': [216], 'systemic': [217], 'method': [218], 'accurately': [220], 'diagnose': [221], 'It': [223], 'through': [225], 'these': [226], 'approaches': [227], 'that': [230], 'who': [237], 'contributed': [238], 'birth': [241], 'medieval': [243, 429], 'studies.': [245], 'References': [246], '1': [247], ':': [248, 266, 325, 349, 364, 378, 393, 407, 420, 442, 462, 494, 518, 535, 549, 569], 'Origins': [249], 'nephrology:': [251], 'Hippocrates,': [252, 379], 'father': [254], 'nephrology.': [257, 411], 'Am': [258, 289, 341, 412, 510, 527, 541, 561], 'J': [259, 290, 342, 386, 413, 511, 528, 542, 562, 581], 'Nephrol1988;': [260], '8:': [261], '498.': [262], 'Google': [263, 294, 322, 346, 361, 375, 390, 404, 417, 439, 459, 491, 515, 532, 546, 566, 587], 'Scholar': [264, 295, 323, 347, 362, 376, 391, 405, 418, 440, 460, 492, 516, 533, 547, 567, 588], '2': [265], 'Critical': [267], 'approach': [270], "Theophilus'": [272, 326, 352], 'Urinis:': [274], 'Urine': [275], "blood's": [277], 'percolation': [278], 'made': [279], 'kidney': [282], 'middle': [287], 'ages.': [288], 'Nephrol1994;': [291, 414, 543], '14:': [292, 415, 544], '282.': [293], '3': [296], 'Galen:': [297], 'Problems': [298], 'Prospects.': [300], 'Collection': [301], 'papers': [303], 'submitted': [304], 'at': [305, 598], '1979': [307], 'Cambridge': [308], 'Conference.': [309], 'Edited': [310], '.': [312], 'London:': [313], 'The': [314, 394, 463, 495, 536, 593], 'Wellcome': [315], 'Institute': [316], 'History': [319], 'Medicine1981.': [321], '4': [324], 'Auctoritas:': [327], 'role': [329], 'urinis': [332, 354], 'curriculum': [336], '12th–13th': [339], 'centuries.': [340], 'Nephrol1999;': [343, 529], '19:': [344, 530], '165.': [345], '5': [348], 'Inventing': [350], 'diagnosis:': [351], 'classroom.': [357], 'Dynamis2000;': [358], '20:': [359], '31.': [360], '6': [363], 'Diagnosis:': [365], 'doctor': [367], 'glass.': [371], 'Lancet1999;': [372], '354:': [373], 'SIV13.': [374], '7': [377], 'founder': [380], 'pioneer': [382], 'urology.': [384], 'Br': [385], 'Urol1980;': [387], '52:': [388], '73.': [389], '8': [392], 'Theory': [395], 'Practice': [397], 'Medicine.': [399], 'New': [400], 'York:': [401], 'Citadel': [402], 'Press1964.': [403], '9': [406], 'Hippocratic': [408], 'medicine': [409], '264.': [416], '10': [419], 'Signs': [421], 'senses:': [423], 'early': [428], 'pulse': [430], 'texts.': [433], 'Soc': [434, 454, 583], 'Hist': [435, 455], 'Med2000;': [436], '13:': [437], '265.': [438], '11': [441], 'Graeco-Roman': [443], 'case': [444], 'histories': [445], 'their': [447], 'influence': [448], 'on': [449, 522, 558], 'Medieval': [450], 'Islamic': [451], 'accounts.': [453], 'Med1999;': [456], '12:': [457], '19.': [458], '12': [461], 'late': [464], 'Greco-Roman': [465], 'Byzantine': [467, 503, 553, 578], 'contribution': [468], 'evolution': [471], 'laboratory': [473], 'examinations': [474], 'bodily': [476], 'excrement.': [477], 'Part': [478], '1:': [479], 'Urine,': [480], 'sperm,': [481], 'menses': [482], 'stools.': [484], 'Clin': [485], 'Chem': [486], 'Lab': [487], 'Med2003;': [488], '41:': [489], '963.': [490], '13': [493], 'Peri': [496], 'ouron': [497], 'treatise': [498], 'Stephanus': [500], 'Athens:': [502], '6th-7th': [507], 'centuries': [508], 'AD.': [509], 'Nephrol1997;': [512, 563], '17:': [513, 564], '228.': [514], '14': [517], 'Uroporphyria:': [519], 'some': [520], 'notes': [521], 'its': [523], 'ancient': [524, 575], 'background.': [526], '159.': [531], '15': [534], 'urologic': [537], 'tradition': [538], 'Preci.': [540], '473.': [545], '16': [548], 'Diseases': [550], 'world': [554], 'with': [555], 'special': [556], 'emphasis': [557], 'nephropathies.': [560], '217.': [565], '17': [568], 'Acute': [570], 'renal': [571], 'failure': [572], 'according': [573], 'Greek': [576], 'writers.': [580], 'R': [582], 'Med1993;': [584], '86:': [585], '290.': [586], 'Division': [589], 'Urologic': [591], 'Surgery,': [592], 'University': [594], 'North': [596, 603], 'Carolina': [597], 'Chapel': [599, 601], 'Hill,': [600, 602], 'Carolina©': [604], '2007': [605, 619], 'American': [607, 621], 'Urological': [608, 622], 'AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails': [609], 'Volume': [610], '177Issue': [611], '1January': [612], '2007Page:': [613], '50-52': [614], 'Advertisement': [615, 650], 'Copyright': [616], '&': [617], 'Permissions©': [618], 'AssociationKeywordsurinalysisurineprognosisdiagnosishistoryMetricsAuthor': [623], 'Information': [624], 'More': [627, 635, 643], 'articles': [628, 636, 644], 'author': [631, 639, 647], 'Expand': [648], 'PDF': [651], 'downloadLoading': [652], '...': [653]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2030587698', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-09T21:36:32.608901', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}