Essential Role of p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase in Cathepsin K Gene Expression during Osteoclastogenesis through Association of NFATc1 and PU.1

Name: Work Video:
Duration: 3 min 30 s
Masahito Matsumoto; Masakazu Kogawa; Seiki Wada; Hiroshi Takayanagi; Masafumi Tsujimoto; Shigehiro Katayama; Koji Hisatake; Yasuhisa Nogi
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1319, 1339, 1374, 1477, 1486, 1500, 1509, 1570, 1577, 1598, 1650, 1702, 1706, 1783, 1933, 1948, 1958, 2132, 2144, 2190, 2201, 2213, 2220, 2224, 2232, 2246, 2266, 2288, 2292, 2334, 2337, 2340, 2344, 2357, 2367, 2373, 2383, 2396, 2577, 2606, 2733, 2794, 2854, 2863, 2902, 2911, 2964, 2981, 3005, 3014, 3027, 3051, 3068, 3082, 3093, 3096, 3119, 3266, 3285, 3380, 3454, 3494, 3502, 3509, 3519, 3524, 3548, 3739, 3764, 3791, 3831, 3834, 3871, 3891, 3986, 4022, 4053, 4074, 4080, 4107, 4112, 4216, 4224, 4235, 4250, 4278, 4294, 4303, 4324, 4338, 4411], 'NF-κB': [4, 171, 452, 467, 1125], 'ligand': [5, 172, 568, 699], '(RANKL)': [6, 173, 569], 'induces': [7, 174], 'various': [8, 175, 1891, 3789, 3902], 'osteoclast-specific': [9, 30, 176, 197, 957, 1235, 1479, 1502, 2215, 2360], 'marker': [10, 177, 958, 1236, 1503], 'genes': [11, 178, 959, 975, 1480, 2361], 'during': [12, 48, 179, 215, 4094], 'osteoclast': [13, 180, 602, 883, 1211, 1328, 1793, 2145, 2248, 2283, 2374, 3975, 4095, 4225], 'differentiation': [14, 181, 603, 884, 1329, 1885, 2249, 2395, 3914, 3976, 4226], 'mediated': [15, 182, 1800, 2250, 4311], 'by': [16, 133, 152, 183, 300, 319, 984, 1384, 1483, 1560, 1611, 1801, 2123, 2251, 2364, 2418, 2508, 2590, 2698, 2738, 2784, 2831, 2894, 2971, 2995, 3010, 3035, 3177, 3196, 3262, 3366, 3439, 3558, 3637, 3653, 3662, 3780, 3787, 3802, 3895, 3978, 3982, 4013, 4084, 4258, 4284, 4307, 4312], 'mitogen-activated': [17, 184, 474, 1810], 'protein': [18, 185, 1229, 1811, 3512], '(MAP)': [19, 186, 1812], 'kinase': [20, 104, 162, 187, 271, 329, 533, 1813, 1860, 1954, 2121, 2125, 2126, 2180, 2204, 2254, 2324, 2431, 2436, 3423, 3431, 3436, 3474, 3525, 3540, 3996, 4024, 4115, 4237, 4238, 4316], 'cascades.': [21, 188, 2255], 'However,': [22, 189, 2228], 'the': [23, 39, 65, 75, 89, 99, 108, 112, 127, 134, 143, 153, 156, 190, 206, 232, 242, 256, 266, 275, 279, 294, 301, 310, 320, 323, 347, 448, 553, 868, 874, 950, 961, 964, 972, 1214, 1217, 1238, 1371, 1390, 1475, 1478, 1484, 1487, 1501, 1574, 1599, 1653, 1721, 1789, 1795, 1809, 1934, 2133, 2140, 2191, 2198, 2210, 2214, 2218, 2221, 2225, 2229, 2233, 2244, 2252, 2267, 2286, 2289, 2293, 2302, 2315, 2341, 2345, 2354, 2358, 2384, 2390, 2521, 2550, 2575, 2588, 2604, 2699, 2798, 2808, 2855, 2864, 2960, 3002, 3006, 3015, 3028, 3056, 3069, 3087, 3110, 3113, 3121, 3152, 3202, 3292, 3409, 3459, 3506, 3545, 3605, 3620, 3730, 3770, 3835, 3840, 3849, 3889, 3906, 3983, 3993, 4002, 4018, 4051, 4078, 4098, 4105, 4214, 4240, 4247, 4260, 4276, 4285, 4290, 4295, 4301, 4313, 4319, 4351, 4408, 4412], 'results': [24, 140, 191, 307, 4255, 4298], 'transcriptional': [26, 193, 988, 2342, 2355], 'programming': [27, 194], 'an': [29, 196, 879, 1234, 3179, 3413, 3428], 'cathepsin': [31, 44, 66, 145, 198, 211, 233, 312, 1504, 1562, 1571, 1600, 2234, 2276, 2295, 2346, 2385, 2856, 2987, 3007, 3029, 3821, 3836, 3987, 4004, 4010, 4081, 4217, 4251, 4304, 4340], 'K': [32, 45, 67, 146, 199, 212, 234, 313, 1563, 1572, 1601, 1712, 2235, 2277, 2296, 2347, 2386, 2735, 2857, 2988, 3008, 3030, 3822, 3837, 3893, 3988, 4005, 4011, 4082, 4218, 4252, 4305, 4334, 4341], 'gene': [33, 46, 58, 68, 90, 113, 147, 200, 213, 225, 235, 257, 280, 314, 1243, 1392, 1602, 1790, 2236, 2278, 2316, 2348, 2387, 2989, 3009, 3031, 3059, 4006, 4342], 'are': [34, 201, 1313, 1318, 1873, 2205, 3898], 'inconclusive.': [35, 202], 'Here': [36, 203], 'we': [37, 204, 2062, 2298, 4008, 4399], 'report': [38, 205], 'regulatory': [40, 207, 4348, 4397], 'mechanisms': [41, 208], 'RANKL-induced': [43, 115, 144, 210, 282, 311, 1488, 2247, 2275, 2294, 2359, 4003, 4248], 'expression': [47, 91, 148, 214, 258, 315, 973, 1597, 1947, 2188, 2237, 2279, 2920, 2953, 3985, 4079, 4215, 4249, 4277, 4306], 'osteoclastogenesis': [49, 216], 'in': [50, 94, 122, 163, 217, 261, 289, 330, 339, 564, 764, 882, 1210, 1244, 1322, 1341, 1493, 1518, 1573, 1606, 1609, 1662, 1704, 1717, 1870, 1886, 2056, 2184, 2243, 2280, 2318, 2552, 2571, 2574, 2603, 2648, 2673, 3132, 3159, 3208, 3291, 3306, 3324, 3427, 3521, 3544, 3567, 3581, 3587, 3595, 3604, 3613, 3619, 3631, 3908, 4001, 4017, 4028, 4050, 4104, 4213, 4289, 4332], 'a': [51, 118, 164, 218, 285, 331, 550, 1245, 1494, 1556, 1567, 1646, 1780, 2186, 2263, 2580, 2908, 2997, 3041, 3080, 3145, 3182, 3282, 3301, 3393, 3400, 3514, 3695, 3776, 3819, 3846, 3858, 3869, 3880, 4109, 4210, 4232], 'p38': [52, 102, 136, 160, 219, 269, 303, 327, 1866, 1952, 2202, 2268, 2322, 2429, 2434, 3434, 3441, 3883, 3994, 4113, 4314], 'MAP': [53, 103, 137, 161, 220, 270, 304, 328, 477, 532, 1867, 1953, 2120, 2124, 2179, 2203, 2253, 2269, 2323, 2430, 2435, 3422, 3435, 3884, 3995, 4114, 4236, 4315], 'kinase-dependent': [54, 221], 'manner.': [55, 166, 222, 333, 1496], 'reporter': [57, 224, 3058, 3070, 3133], 'analysis': [59, 226, 3817], 'with': [60, 120, 227, 287, 1224, 1395, 2261, 2309, 2320, 2525, 2594, 2621, 2654, 2680, 2707, 2717, 3101, 3127, 3144, 3211, 3251, 3408, 3466, 3473, 3499, 3694, 3706, 3723, 3769, 3818, 4102, 4287], 'sequential': [61, 228], '5′-deletion': [62, 229], 'constructs': [63, 230], 'promoter': [69, 236, 1393, 2317, 2990, 3032, 4343], 'indicates': [70, 237, 1566], 'that': [71, 142, 238, 309, 335, 873, 1370, 1644, 1807, 2118, 2177, 2197, 2259, 2305, 2353, 2862, 3973, 4071, 4300, 4405], 'limited': [72, 239, 985, 2222, 2365], 'sets': [73, 240, 986, 2223, 2366, 3790, 3843], 'transcription': [76, 84, 157, 243, 251, 324, 481, 1180, 1311, 1380, 1491, 1939, 2226, 2368, 2388], 'factors': [77, 158, 244, 325, 989, 1312, 1492, 1940, 2313, 2369], 'such': [78, 245, 990], 'as': [79, 246, 601, 991, 1875, 2053, 2665, 2754, 2925, 3040, 3181, 3216, 3317, 3513, 3675, 3775, 3793, 3879, 4220, 4222], 'NFATc1,': [80, 247], 'PU.1,': [81, 248, 2310], 'and': [82, 159, 249, 326, 343, 1333, 1387, 1489, 1565, 1608, 1666, 1865, 1884, 1890, 2012, 2063, 2208, 2311, 2330, 2339, 2432, 2474, 2496, 2511, 2519, 2540, 2592, 2608, 2630, 2637, 2661, 2683, 2704, 2722, 2751, 2797, 2814, 2845, 2959, 2976, 3064, 3107, 3129, 3162, 3191, 3201, 3269, 3313, 3397, 3463, 3470, 3516, 3578, 3625, 3648, 3702, 3717, 3727, 3729, 3734, 3812, 3855, 3865, 3868, 3876, 4055, 4060, 4086, 4091, 4330, 4353], 'microphthalmia': [83, 250, 480, 1179], 'factor': [85, 252, 485, 556, 604, 1181, 1373, 1381, 2413], 'indeed': [86, 253], 'enhance': [87, 254, 2209], 'synergistically': [88, 255, 1394], 'when': [92, 259], 'overexpressed': [93, 260], 'RAW264': [95, 262, 2642, 3072], 'cells.': [96, 263], 'In': [97, 264, 1306, 1792, 2060, 3319, 4393], 'addition,': [98, 265], 'activation': [100, 267, 2343], 'is': [105, 149, 272, 316, 861, 981, 1481, 1507, 1515, 1555, 1603, 1714, 1798, 2137, 2362, 3980, 3999, 4309], 'required': [106, 273], 'for': [107, 274, 1327, 1881, 2139, 2301, 2610, 2719, 2741, 2821, 2827, 2837, 2842, 2848, 2955, 3170, 3273, 3372, 3384, 3533, 3572, 3591, 3600, 3609, 3616, 3709, 3778, 3888, 3900, 4057, 4065, 4239, 4327], 'maximum': [109, 276], 'enhancement': [110, 277, 2333, 3659], 'expression.': [114, 281, 1791], 'NFATc1': [116, 131, 283, 298, 2306, 2326, 2338, 3190, 3510, 3728], 'forms': [117, 284, 3738], 'complex': [119, 286, 3430], 'PU.1': [121, 288, 992, 1226, 2329, 2450, 3192, 3726, 4331, 4352], 'nuclei': [123, 290], 'osteoclasts': [125, 292, 563, 1343, 1519, 1578, 1668, 1718, 2281, 2724, 3562, 3703, 4049, 4270], 'following': [126, 293, 1654, 2809, 3112, 3841], 'nuclear': [128, 295, 484, 539, 544, 1372, 1879, 2335], 'accumulation': [129, 296, 2336], 'phosphorylated': [132, 299, 2433, 3553, 3735], 'activated': [135, 302, 487, 1375, 1389, 2122], 'kinase.': [138, 305, 3256], 'These': [139, 306, 2194, 2350, 2376, 3043, 4297], 'suggest': [141, 308, 2196, 2352, 4299], 'cooperatively': [150, 317], 'regulated': [151, 318, 983], 'combination': [154, 321, 1485], 'gradual': [165, 332, 1495], 'Osteoclasts': [334], 'play': [336], 'pivotal': [337], 'roles': [338, 1326, 1701, 2200], 'bone': [340, 528, 979, 1512, 2522, 2748, 4032], 'morphogenesis,': [341], 'remodeling': [342], 'resorption,': [344], 'differentiate': [345, 559, 4040, 4268], 'from': [346, 1720, 2405, 2440, 2453, 2466, 2482, 2493, 2500, 2513, 2587, 2694, 2746, 3019], 'hematopoietic': [348], 'myeloid': [349], 'precursors': [350, 446, 1212], 'macrophage/monocyte': [352], 'lineage': [353], '(1Suda': [354], 'T.': [355, 432, 434, 628, 636, 711, 826, 888, 892, 900, 915, 917, 925, 1035, 1141, 1283, 1285, 1404, 1412, 1414, 1436, 1448, 1456, 1458, 1914, 1918, 2068, 2070, 2102, 2104, 2870, 2973, 3226, 3228, 3234], 'Takahashi': [356, 633, 912, 2105], 'N.': [357, 359, 422, 424, 608, 610, 632, 634, 725, 886, 890, 911, 913, 1053, 1263, 1398, 1760, 2094, 2106, 3222], 'Udagawa': [358, 423, 631, 889, 2093], 'Jimi': [360], 'E.': [361, 573, 626, 664, 672, 703, 727, 776, 828, 1051, 1190, 1523, 1679, 1920], 'Gillespie': [362], 'M.T.': [363], 'Martin': [364, 897, 922], 'T.J.': [365, 898, 923], 'Endocr.': [366, 395], 'Rev.': [367, 396, 3936], '1999;': [368, 802, 853, 3238, 4202, 4385], '20:': [369], '345-357Crossref': [370], 'PubMed': [371, 388, 400, 416, 440, 593, 647, 692, 757, 805, 856, 905, 930, 941, 1011, 1080, 1102, 1120, 1151, 1173, 1204, 1275, 1301, 1360, 1426, 1469, 1549, 1591, 1635, 1693, 1746, 1774, 1821, 1849, 1908, 1927, 1986, 2007, 2044, 2086, 2111, 2170, 2776, 2882, 2947, 3241, 3689, 3926, 3941, 3968, 4137, 4185, 4205, 4372, 4388], 'Google': [372, 391, 403, 419, 443, 596, 650, 695, 760, 808, 859, 908, 933, 944, 1014, 1083, 1105, 1123, 1154, 1176, 1207, 1278, 1304, 1363, 1429, 1472, 1552, 1594, 1638, 1696, 1749, 1777, 1824, 1852, 1911, 1930, 1989, 2010, 2047, 2089, 2114, 2173, 2779, 2885, 2950, 3244, 3692, 3929, 3944, 3971, 4140, 4188, 4208, 4375, 4391], 'Scholar,': [373, 392, 404, 420, 909, 934, 1015, 1106, 1155, 1279, 1430, 1750, 1825, 1912, 2090, 3930, 4141, 4189, 4376], '2Karsenty': [374], 'G.': [375, 717, 741, 784, 1037, 1047, 1127, 1614, 1725, 1754, 3682, 4165], 'Wagner': [376, 1096, 1354, 1451], 'E.F.': [377, 1097, 1355, 1452], 'Dev.': [378, 435, 852, 1147, 1459], 'Cell.': [379, 748, 1071, 1113, 1197, 1460, 1686], '2002;': [380, 1418, 1461, 2108, 2162], '2:': [381, 1925], '389-406Abstract': [382], 'Full': [383, 385, 687, 689, 752, 754, 1075, 1077, 1117, 1201, 1270, 1272, 1296, 1298, 1421, 1423, 1464, 1466, 1690, 1844, 1846, 1903, 1905, 1981, 1983, 2039, 2041, 2081, 2083, 2165, 2167, 2771, 2773, 2942, 2944, 3963, 3965, 4180, 4182], 'Text': [384, 386, 688, 690, 753, 755, 1076, 1078, 1118, 1202, 1271, 1273, 1297, 1299, 1422, 1424, 1465, 1467, 1691, 1845, 1847, 1904, 1906, 1982, 1984, 2040, 2042, 2082, 2084, 2166, 2168, 2772, 2774, 2943, 2945, 3964, 3966, 4181, 4183], 'PDF': [387, 691, 756, 1079, 1119, 1203, 1274, 1300, 1425, 1468, 1692, 1848, 1907, 1985, 2043, 2085, 2169, 2775, 2946, 3967, 4184], 'Scopus': [389, 401, 417, 441, 594, 648, 693, 758, 806, 857, 906, 931, 942, 1012, 1081, 1103, 1121, 1152, 1174, 1205, 1276, 1302, 1361, 1427, 1470, 1550, 1592, 1636, 1694, 1747, 1775, 1822, 1850, 1909, 1928, 1987, 2008, 2045, 2087, 2112, 2171, 2777, 2883, 2948, 3242, 3690, 3927, 3942, 3969, 4138, 4186, 4206, 4373, 4389], '(1204)': [390], '3Manolagas': [393], 'S.C.': [394], '2000;': [397, 938, 1293, 1771, 1818, 1924, 2078, 2879], '21:': [398], '115-137Crossref': [399], '(2028)': [402], '4Lee': [405], 'Z.H.': [406, 3916], 'Kim': [407, 1262, 1433, 3917], 'H.H.': [408, 3918], 'Biochem.': [409, 2000, 3919, 4198], 'Biophys.': [410, 2001, 3920, 4199], 'Res.': [411, 1770, 2002, 3921, 4200, 4384], 'Commun.': [412, 2003, 3922, 4201], '2003;': [413, 1267, 3923, 3938], '305:': [414, 3924], '211-214Crossref': [415, 3925], '(328)': [418, 3928], '5Takahashi': [421], 'Tanaka': [425, 3221], 'S.': [426, 616, 642, 670, 719, 735, 780, 840, 1031, 1065, 1406, 1434, 1527, 1544, 1630, 1741, 1972, 3678, 3680, 4147, 4149, 4157, 4191, 4361], 'Murakami': [427, 623], 'H.': [428, 606, 721, 770, 921, 1196, 1249, 1287, 1432, 1438, 1442, 1685, 2017, 2072, 2874, 2913, 3224], 'Owan': [429], 'I.': [430, 737, 772], 'Tamura': [431], 'Suda': [433, 635, 899, 924, 2097, 2103], 'Biol.': [436, 682, 1265, 1291, 1416, 1839, 1898, 1923, 1976, 2034, 2076, 2160, 2766, 2937, 3235, 3958, 4175], '1994;': [437], '163:': [438], '212-221Crossref': [439], '(111)': [442], 'Scholar).': [444, 761, 945, 1305, 1364, 1473, 1553, 1595, 1639, 1853, 1931, 2780, 2886, 2951, 3245, 3945, 4392], 'Osteoclast': [445], 'expressing': [447], '(RANK),': [453], '1The': [454], 'abbreviations': [455], 'used': [456, 3774], 'are:': [457], 'RANK,': [458], 'NF-κB;': [462], 'RANKL,': [463], 'ligand;': [468], 'TRAP,': [469], 'tartrate-resistant': [470, 1239], 'acid': [471, 1240, 4046], 'phosphatase;': [472], 'MAP,': [473], 'protein;': [475], 'MAPK,': [476], 'kinase;': [478, 521, 534], 'MITF,': [479, 2182], 'factor;': [482, 493], 'NFAT,': [483], 'T': [488, 1376], 'cells;': [489, 526], 'M-CSF,': [490], 'macrophage': [491, 2411, 4034], 'colony-stimulation': [492], 'RT-PCR,': [494], 'reverse': [495, 2634, 2787], 'transcription-PCR;': [496], 'EMSA,': [497], 'electrophoretic': [498], 'mobility': [499], 'shift': [500], 'assay;': [501], 'WCE,': [502], 'whole': [503], 'cell': [504, 965, 1708, 1882, 2058, 3361, 3913, 4263], 'extract;': [505], 'Ab,': [506], 'antibody;': [507], 'GST,': [508], 'glutathione': [509], 'S-transferase;': [510], 'FBS,': [511], 'fetal': [512, 2533], 'bovine': [513, 2534], 'serum;': [514], 'PBS,': [515, 3614], 'phosphate-buffered': [516, 2595], 'saline;': [517], 'ERK,': [518], 'extracellular': [519, 1511, 1858, 3903], 'signal-regulated': [520, 1859], 'PBMC,': [522, 3700], 'peripheral': [523], 'blood': [524, 2688, 2697], 'mononuclear': [525, 2689, 4042], 'BMMϕ,': [527], 'marrow': [529, 2504, 2523, 2749, 4033], 'macrophages;': [530], 'MKK,': [531], 'ChIP,': [535], 'chromatin': [536, 2728, 3714, 3772], 'immunoprecipitation;': [537], 'NLS,': [538], 'localization': [540], 'signal': [541], 'sequences;': [542, 546], 'NES,': [543], 'export': [545], 'sRANKL,': [547], 'soluble': [548, 2400], 'RANKL.': [549], 'member': [551], 'tumor': [554, 652], 'necrosis': [555, 653], 'family,': [558], 'into': [560, 3048, 3109, 4041, 4269], 'functional': [561, 1575], 'multinucleated': [562, 1342, 1667, 4044], 'response': [565, 1887], 'to': [566, 600, 867, 978, 1670, 1877, 1888, 1945, 2206, 2239, 2392, 2515, 2632, 2727, 2861, 3025, 3151, 3165, 3168, 3207, 3505, 3720, 3809, 3814, 3905, 4039, 4395], 'RANK': [567, 813, 951], '(6Anderson': [570], 'D.M.': [571], 'Maraskovsky': [572], 'Billingsley': [574], 'Dougall': [575], 'W.C.': [576, 815], 'Tometsko': [577, 831], 'M.E.': [578, 832], 'Roux': [579], 'E.R.': [580], 'Teepe': [581], 'M.C.': [582, 1259, 1766, 2158], 'DuBose': [583], 'R.F.': [584], 'Cosman': [585, 841], 'D.': [586, 842, 844, 1059, 1253, 4153], 'Galibert': [587], 'L.': [588, 1033, 1055, 1129, 1131, 1133, 2021, 2025], 'Nature.': [589, 801, 1007, 1098, 1356], '1997;': [590, 684, 1008, 1072, 1148, 1170, 2036, 4177, 4369], '390:': [591], '175-179Crossref': [592], '(1960)': [595], 'Scholar),': [597, 651, 696, 1084, 1124, 1177, 1697, 1778, 1990, 2011, 3693, 4209], 'also': [598, 4400], 'referred': [599], '(7Yasuda': [605], 'Shima': [607], 'Nakagawa': [609], 'Yamaguchi': [611, 893, 918], 'K.': [612, 620, 630, 819, 821, 823, 998, 1400, 1538, 1756, 2096, 2098, 2760, 2931, 3952], 'Kinosaki': [613], 'M.': [614, 622, 668, 817, 1002, 1023, 1039, 1281, 1289, 1402, 1410, 1440, 1446, 1618, 1729, 1833, 1916, 2019, 2066, 2074, 2758, 2764, 2868, 2872, 2876, 2896, 2929, 2935, 2978, 3220, 3230, 3950, 3956, 4365], 'Mochizuki': [615], 'Tomoyasu': [617], 'A.': [618, 624, 643, 715, 731, 786, 790, 836, 894, 919, 1043, 1139, 1165, 1188, 1444, 1529, 1545, 1631, 1677, 1742, 1752, 2897, 4117], 'Yano': [619], 'Goto': [621], 'Tsuda': [625], 'Morinaga': [627, 2419], 'Higashio': [629], 'Proc.': [637, 1539, 1625, 1736], 'Natl.': [638, 1540, 1626, 1737], 'Acad.': [639, 1541, 1627, 1738], 'Sci.': [640, 1542, 1628, 1739], 'U.': [641, 1093, 1095, 1145, 1351, 1353, 1543, 1629, 1740, 2154], '1998;': [644, 749, 1546, 1841], '95:': [645, 1547], '3597-3602Crossref': [646], '(3592)': [649], 'factor-related': [654], 'activation-induced': [655], 'cytokine': [656], '(8Wong': [657], 'B.R.': [658, 1827], 'Rho': [659, 1250], 'J.': [660, 662, 666, 681, 723, 743, 745, 830, 850, 1049, 1159, 1161, 1251, 1264, 1290, 1415, 1450, 1767, 1838, 1897, 1974, 1975, 1999, 2023, 2032, 2033, 2075, 2156, 2159, 2765, 2936, 3683, 3957, 4119, 4174, 4381], 'Arron': [661], 'Robinson': [663], 'Orlinick': [665], 'Chao': [667], 'Kalachikov': [669], 'Cayani': [671], 'Bartlett': [673], 'F.S.R.': [674], 'Frankel': [675], 'W.N.': [676], 'Lee': [677, 1830, 4130, 4172, 4196], 'S.Y.': [678, 1831], 'Choi': [679, 1260, 1836], 'Y.': [680, 1163, 1261, 1408, 1837, 1962, 1995, 2015, 2100, 2762, 2933, 3954], 'Chem.': [683, 1266, 1292, 1417, 1840, 1899, 1977, 2035, 2077, 2161, 2767, 2938, 3236, 3959, 4176], '272:': [685, 2037, 4178], '25190-25194Abstract': [686], '(918)': [694], 'or': [697, 810, 966, 1178, 1227, 1315, 1330, 2129, 3023, 3748, 3751, 3784, 4020, 4043, 4292], 'osteoprotegrin': [698], '(9Lacey': [700], 'D.L.': [701, 794, 1019], 'Timms': [702, 775], 'Tan': [704, 773, 1044], 'H.L.': [705, 774, 1045], 'Kelley': [706, 1022], 'M.J.': [707, 4163], 'Dunstan': [708, 791, 1020], 'C.R.': [709, 792, 834, 1021], 'Burgess': [710], 'Elliott': [712, 716, 1040], 'R.': [713, 1004, 1027, 1041, 1167, 1255, 1829, 4123], 'Colombero': [714, 1042], 'Scully': [718], 'Hsu': [720], 'Sullivan': [722, 1048], 'Hawkins': [724], 'Davy': [726, 1050], 'Capparelli': [728, 777], 'C.': [729, 778, 1089, 1347, 1964, 3232, 4367], 'Eli': [730], 'Qian': [732], 'Y.X.': [733], 'Kaufman': [734], 'Sarosi': [736, 771], 'Shalhoub': [738], 'V.': [739, 838, 1112, 1157], 'Senaldi': [740], 'Guo': [742, 1967], 'Delaney': [744], 'Boyle': [746, 797, 1069], 'W.J.': [747, 798, 1070], '93:': [750], '165-176Abstract': [751], '(4656)': [759], 'Mutant': [762], 'mice': [763, 1308, 1335, 1643, 1723, 2518], 'which': [765, 1506, 1698, 4266], 'RANKL': [766, 1218, 1385, 1796, 2134, 2401, 3979, 4054, 4072, 4103, 4288, 4308], '(10Kong': [767], 'Y.Y.': [768], 'Yoshida': [769, 1441], 'Morony': [779], 'Oliveira-dos-Santos': [781], 'A.J.': [782], 'Van': [783, 4359], 'Itie': [785], 'Khoo': [787], 'W.': [788, 1061, 1531, 1968, 4380], 'Wakeham': [789], 'Lacey': [793, 1018], 'Mak': [795, 1453], 'T.W.': [796, 1454], 'Penninger': [799], 'J.M.': [800, 896, 1000], '397:': [803], '315-323Crossref': [804], '(2887)': [807], 'Scholar)': [809, 860, 1208, 2048, 2115, 2174, 3972], 'its': [811, 967, 1331], '(11Dougall': [814], 'Glaccum': [816], 'Charrier': [818], 'Rohrbach': [820], 'Brasel': [822], 'De': [824], 'Smedt': [825], 'Daro': [827], 'Smith': [829], 'Maliszewski': [833], 'Armstrong': [835], 'Shen': [837], 'Bain': [839], 'Anderson': [843, 997], 'Morrissey': [845], 'P.J.': [846], 'Peschon': [847], 'J.J.': [848], 'Schuh': [849], 'Genes': [851, 1146], '13:': [854], '2412-2424Crossref': [855], '(1210)': [858], 'disrupted': [862, 1314], 'exhibit': [863, 1336], 'severe': [864], 'osteopetrosis': [865, 1337, 1671], 'due': [866], 'lack': [869], 'osteoclasts,': [871], 'indicating': [872], 'RANKL-RANK': [875], 'signaling': [876, 1797, 1880, 2135, 3997, 4321], 'system': [877, 3148], 'plays': [878], 'essential': [880, 1325, 1700, 2651], 'role': [881, 1569], '(12Takahashi': [885], 'Akatsu': [887, 914], 'Sasaki': [891, 916], 'Moseley': [895], 'Endocrinology.': [901, 926, 2107], '1988;': [902], '123:': [903], '2600-2602Crossref': [904], '(856)': [907], '13Udagawa': [910], 'Kodama': [920, 1455], '1989;': [927], '125:': [928], '1805-1813Crossref': [929], '(446)': [932], '14Teitelbaum': [935], 'S.L.': [936, 1006, 1816, 3932], 'Science.': [937, 1587, 1817], '289:': [939, 1819], '1504-1508Crossref': [940, 1820], '(3104)': [943, 1823], 'During': [946], 'osteoclastogenesis,': [947], 'stimulation': [948, 1386], 'triggers': [953], 'causal': [954], 'induction': [955, 1232, 2212, 4302], 'defining': [960], 'fate': [962], 'function.': [968], 'Among': [969], 'these': [970, 1310, 1334, 2312, 4396], 'genes,': [971], 'closely': [976, 4406], 'linked': [977], 'resorption': [980], 'specifically': [982], '(15Tondravi': [993], 'M.M.': [994, 4145], 'McKercher': [995], 'S.R.': [996], 'Erdmann': [999], 'Quiroz': [1001], 'Maki': [1003], 'Teitelbaum': [1005], '386:': [1009], '81-84Crossref': [1010], '(454)': [1013], '16Simonet': [1016], 'W.S.': [1017], 'Chang': [1024], 'M.S.': [1025, 4193], 'Luthy': [1026], 'Nguyen': [1028], 'H.Q.': [1029], 'Wooden': [1030], 'Bennett': [1032], 'Boone': [1034], 'Shimamoto': [1036], 'DeRose': [1038], 'Trail': [1046], 'Bucay': [1052], 'Renshaw-Gegg': [1054], 'Hughes': [1056], 'T.M.': [1057], 'Hill': [1058], 'Pattison': [1060], 'Campbell': [1062], 'P.': [1063, 1521, 1535, 4125], 'Sander': [1064], 'Program': [1066], 'Amgen': [1067], 'EST': [1068], '89:': [1073], '309-319Abstract': [1074], '(4374)': [1082], 'c-Fos': [1085, 1396], '(17Wang': [1086, 1344], 'Z.Q.': [1087, 1345], 'Ovitt': [1088, 1346], 'Grigoriadis': [1090, 1348], 'A.E.': [1091, 1349], 'Mohle-Steinlein': [1092, 1350], 'Ruther': [1094, 1352], '1992;': [1099, 1114, 1357], '360:': [1100, 1358], '741-745Crossref': [1101, 1359], '(810)': [1104, 1362], '18Johnson': [1107], 'R.S.': [1108], 'Spiegelman': [1109], 'B.M.': [1110], 'Papaioannou': [1111], '71:': [1115], '577-586Abstract': [1116], '(583)': [1122], '(19Franzoso': [1126], 'Carlson': [1128], 'Xing': [1130], 'Poljak': [1132], 'Shores': [1134], 'E.W.': [1135], 'Brown': [1136, 2898], 'K.D.': [1137], 'Leonardi': [1138], 'Tran': [1140], 'Boyce': [1142], 'B.F.': [1143], 'Siebenlist': [1144], '11:': [1149], '3482-3496Crossref': [1150], '(870)': [1153], '20Iotsova': [1156], 'Caamano': [1158], 'Loy': [1160], 'Yang': [1162], 'Lewin': [1164], 'Bravo': [1166], 'Nat.': [1168, 1921, 3935], 'Med.': [1169, 3685], '3:': [1171, 1462], '1285-1289Crossref': [1172], '(890)': [1175], '(MITF)': [1182], '(21Hodgkinson': [1183, 1672], 'C.A.': [1184, 1673], 'Moore': [1185, 1674], 'K.J.': [1186, 1675], 'Nakayama': [1187, 1676], 'Steingrimsson': [1189, 1678], 'Copeland': [1191, 1680], 'N.G.': [1192, 1681], 'Jenkins': [1193, 1682], 'N.A.': [1194, 1683], 'Arnheiter': [1195, 1684], '1993;': [1198, 1687], '74:': [1199, 1688], '395-404Abstract': [1200, 1689], '(950)': [1206, 1695], 'expressed': [1209, 1517, 1716], 'at': [1213, 1784, 2370, 2565, 2824, 2834, 3079, 3276, 3368, 3375, 3456, 3536, 3575, 3758, 3782, 4088], 'downstream': [1215, 2131], 'signaling.': [1219], 'interaction': [1221], 'MITF': [1223, 1612, 1651, 1703, 2919], 'either': [1225], 'PU.1-interacting': [1228], 'allows': [1230], 'efficient': [1231, 1946], 'phosphatase': [1241, 4047], '(TRAP)': [1242], 'synergistic': [1246, 2187], 'manner': [1247], '(22So': [1248], 'Jeong': [1252], 'Park': [1254], 'Fisher': [1256, 1621, 1623, 1732, 1734, 4156], 'D.E.': [1257, 1624, 1735], 'Ostrowski': [1258, 1765, 2157], '278:': [1268], '24209-24216Abstract': [1269], '(83)': [1277], '23Matsumoto': [1280], 'Sudo': [1282, 2067, 2869, 2974], 'Saito': [1284, 2069], 'Osada': [1286, 2071, 2873], 'Tsujimoto': [1288, 2073, 2763, 2875, 2934, 3955], '275:': [1294, 2079], '31155-31161Abstract': [1295, 2080], '(475)': [1303, 2088], 'mutant': [1307, 1641, 1722], 'models,': [1309], 'mutated': [1316], 'but': [1317, 2282, 2327, 4317], 'prime': [1320], 'importance': [1321], 'showing': [1323], 'their': [1324], 'function,': [1332], 'because': [1338], 'defects': [1340, 1661], 'Recently,': [1365, 2147], 'it': [1366], 'has': [1367], 'been': [1368], 'revealed': [1369, 4344], 'cells': [1377, 2391, 2505, 2562, 2584, 2599, 2626, 2643, 2670, 2690, 2750, 2753, 3073, 3111, 3122, 3321, 3381, 4036, 4076, 4099], '(NFAT)': [1378], 'c1': [1379], 'was': [1382, 2403, 2415, 2451, 2464, 2491, 2616, 2744, 2782, 2804, 2818, 2891, 2907, 2923, 2993, 3099, 3141, 3157, 3175, 3289, 3406, 3425, 3437, 3530, 3542, 3555, 3660, 3671, 3715, 3773, 3800, 4227, 4281], 'induced': [1383, 3977], 'then': [1388, 2628, 3046, 3130, 3142, 3163, 3205, 3298, 3471, 3556, 3579], 'TRAP': [1391, 2192], '(24Ishida': [1397], 'Hayashi': [1399], 'Hoshijima': [1401], 'Ogawa': [1403], 'Koga': [1405, 1435], 'Miyatake': [1407], 'Kumegawa': [1409], 'Kimura': [1411, 3225], 'Takeya': [1413], '277:': [1419, 2163], '41147-41156Abstract': [1420], '(341)': [1428], '25Takayanagi': [1431], 'Nishina': [1437], 'Isshiki': [1439], 'Saiura': [1443], 'Isobe': [1445], 'Yokochi': [1447, 3227], 'Inoue': [1449], 'Taniguchi': [1457, 3233], '889-901Abstract': [1463], '(2003)': [1471], 'Thus,': [1474], 'inducibility': [1476], 'controlled': [1482, 1604, 2363], 'noninducible': [1490], 'A': [1497, 3091], 'cysteine': [1498], 'protease': [1499], 'K,': [1505], 'capable': [1508], 'hydrolyzing': [1510], 'matrix': [1513], 'proteins,': [1514, 1806], 'highly': [1516], '(26Saftig': [1520], 'Hunziker': [1522], 'Wehmeyer': [1524], 'O.': [1525], 'Jones': [1526], 'Boyde': [1528], 'Rommerskirch': [1530], 'Moritz': [1532], 'J.D.': [1533], 'Schu': [1534], 'von': [1536], 'Figura': [1537], '13453-13458Crossref': [1548], '(759)': [1551], 'Pycnodysostosis': [1554], 'human': [1557, 2410, 2695, 2708, 2723, 2998, 3699, 4339], 'disease': [1558], 'caused': [1559], 'congenital': [1561], 'deficiency': [1564], 'crucial': [1568], 'maturation': [1576], '(27Gelb': [1579], 'B.D.': [1580], 'Shi': [1581], 'G.P.': [1582, 4169], 'Chapman': [1583], 'H.A.': [1584], 'Desnick': [1585], 'R.J.': [1586, 1997, 2030], '1996;': [1588, 1978, 2004], '273:': [1589, 1842], '1236-1238Crossref': [1590], '(859)': [1593], 'physiologically': [1605], 'vivo': [1607], 'vitro': [1610, 3209], '(28Motyckova': [1613, 1724], 'Weilbaecher': [1615, 1726], 'K.N.': [1616, 1727], 'Horstmann': [1617, 1728], 'Rieman': [1619, 1730], 'D.J.': [1620, 1731], 'D.Z.': [1622, 1733], '2001;': [1632, 1743, 2768, 2939, 3686, 3960], '98:': [1633, 1744], '5798-5803Crossref': [1634, 1745], '(194)': [1637, 1748], 'mi/mi': [1642], 'express': [1645], 'dominant': [1647], 'negative': [1648, 3881], 'form': [1649, 2963, 3508], 'have': [1652, 2116, 2175], 'characteristics,': [1655], 'unpigmented': [1656], 'small': [1657], 'eyes,': [1658], 'several': [1659, 1707, 4345], 'intrinsic': [1660], 'melanocytes,': [1663], 'mast': [1664], 'cells,': [1665, 1872], 'leading': [1669, 2389], 'indicate': [1699], 'development': [1705], 'type': [1709], 'lineages.': [1710], 'Cathepsin': [1711, 2734, 3892, 4333], 'mRNA': [1713, 2736, 2866, 4012, 4083, 4219, 4280], 'still': [1715], 'derived': [1719], '29Luchin': [1751], 'Purdom': [1753], 'Murphy': [1755], 'Clark': [1757], 'M.Y.': [1758], 'Angel': [1759], 'Cassady': [1761], 'A.I.': [1762], 'Hume': [1763], 'D.A.': [1764], 'Bone': [1768, 4382], 'Miner.': [1769, 4383], '15:': [1772], '451-460Crossref': [1773], '(109)': [1776], 'suggesting': [1779], 'possible': [1781], 'involvement': [1782], 'least': [1785], 'another': [1786], 'modulator(s)': [1787], 'upon': [1788], 'differentiation,': [1794], 'mainly': [1799], 'recruiting': [1802], 'adaptor': [1803], 'molecules,': [1804], 'TRAF': [1805], 'activate': [1808, 1937, 2314], 'cascades': [1814], '(14Teitelbaum': [1815], '30Wong': [1826], 'Josien': [1828], 'Vologodskaia': [1832], 'Steinman': [1834], 'R.M.': [1835], '28355-28359Abstract': [1843], '(409)': [1851], 'Three': [1854], 'distinct': [1855, 2371], 'MAPs': [1856], 'kinases,': [1857], '(ERK),': [1861], 'c-Jun': [1862], 'N-terminal': [1863], 'kinase,': [1864, 1868, 2270], 'identified': [1869, 2049], 'mammalian': [1871], 'implicated': [1874], 'mediators': [1876], 'transmit': [1878], 'growth': [1883], 'stress': [1889], 'cytokines': [1892], '(31Cobb': [1893], 'M.H.': [1894], 'Goldsmith': [1895], 'E.J.': [1896], '1995;': [1900, 4134], '270:': [1901], '14843-14846Abstract': [1902], '(1663)': [1910], '32Tanoue': [1913], 'Adachi': [1915], 'Moriguchi': [1917], 'Nishida': [1919], 'Cell': [1922, 2441, 2502], '110-116Crossref': [1926], '(691)': [1929], 'Each': [1932], 'kinases': [1935, 3897], 'can': [1936, 4267], 'specific': [1938, 2264, 3038, 3832, 4023, 4110, 4233], 'through': [1941, 2217], 'direct': [1942], 'phosphorylation': [1943], 'prior': [1944, 3719], 'target': [1949], 'genes.': [1950], 'family': [1955, 4414], 'members,': [1956], 'consisting': [1957], 'p38α,': [1959], 'p38β': [1960], '(33Jiang': [1961], 'Chen': [1963, 4379], 'Li': [1965], 'Z.': [1966, 1993], 'Gegner': [1969], 'J.A.': [1970, 4358], 'Lin': [1971], 'Han': [1973, 1998, 2031, 2155], '271:': [1979], '17920-17926Abstract': [1980], '(660)': [1988], 'p38γ': [1991], '(34Li': [1992], 'Jiang': [1994, 4192], 'Ulevitch': [1996, 2029], '228:': [2005], '334-340Crossref': [2006], '(353)': [2009], 'p38δ': [2013], '(35Jiang': [2014], 'Gram': [2016], 'Zhao': [2018], 'New': [2020], 'Gu': [2022], 'Feng': [2024], 'Di': [2026], 'Padova': [2027], 'F.': [2028], '30122-30128Abstract': [2038], '(437)': [2046], 'so': [2050], 'far,': [2051], 'serve': [2052], 'key': [2054], 'determinants': [2055], 'cytokine-induced': [2057], 'differentiation.': [2059, 2146, 2284, 2375, 4096], 'fact,': [2061], 'others': [2064], '(23Matsumoto': [2065], '36Li': [2091], 'X.': [2092], 'Itoh': [2095], 'Murase': [2099], 'Nishihara': [2101], '143:': [2109], '3105-3113Crossref': [2110], '(171)': [2113], 'reported': [2117, 2176, 3947], 'p38α': [2119, 2178], '3': [2127, 2619, 3083, 3452, 4090], '(MKK3)': [2128], 'MKK6,': [2130], 'pathway,': [2136, 4242], 'critical': [2138, 2199], 'relatively': [2141], 'early': [2142], 'phase': [2143], 'Mansky': [2148], 'et': [2149], 'al.': [2150], '(37Mansky': [2151], 'K.C.': [2152], 'Sankar': [2153], '11077-11083Abstract': [2164], '(197)': [2172], 'phosphorylates': [2181, 2325], 'resulting': [2183], 'increasing': [2185], 'level': [2189], 'gene.': [2193], 'findings': [2195, 2351], 'trigger': [2207], 'coordinated': [2211], 'gene(s)': [2216], 'modification': [2219], 'factor(s).': [2227], 'molecular': [2230, 2381], 'mechanism': [2231, 2291], 'remains': [2238], 'be': [2240], 'fully': [2241], 'defined': [2242], 'context': [2245], 'This': [2256], 'study': [2257], 'shows': [2258, 4070], 'treatment': [2260, 4073, 4286], 'SB203580,': [2262, 4108], 'inhibitor': [2265, 4111, 4234], 'markedly': [2271], 'suppresses': [2272], 'not': [2273, 2328, 4272, 4282, 4318], 'only': [2274], 'After': [2285, 2548, 2579, 2710, 3116, 3451, 3762], 'analyses': [2287, 2382, 3312, 4337], 'inducible': [2290], 'gene,': [2297], 'found': [2299, 4401], 'here': [2300], 'first': [2303], 'time': [2304], 'interacts': [2307], 'directly': [2308], 'concert': [2319], 'MITF.': [2321], 'thereby': [2331], 'invokes': [2332], 'promoter.': [2349], 'program': [2356], 'stages': [2372], 'studies': [2377], 'give': [2378], 'more': [2379], 'detailed': [2380], 'undergo': [2393], 'terminal': [2394, 3974], 'osteoclasts.': [2397], 'Materials—Human': [2398], 'recombinant': [2399], '(sRANKL)': [2402], 'purchased': [2404, 2439, 2452, 2465, 2481, 2499], 'PeproTech': [2406], '(London,': [2407], 'UK).': [2408], 'Recombinant': [2409], 'colony-stimulating': [2412], '(M-CSF)': [2414], 'kindly': [2416, 2892, 2969], 'provided': [2417, 2893, 2970], 'Milk': [2420], 'Industry': [2421], 'Co.,': [2422], 'Ltd.': [2423], '(Tokyo,': [2424], 'Japan).': [2425], 'Polyclonal': [2426, 2447], 'antibodies': [2427, 2479, 3411, 3608, 3724], 'against': [2428, 2449, 3725], '(Thr180/Tyr182)': [2437], 'were': [2438, 2480, 2498, 2506, 2563, 2585, 2600, 2627, 2646, 2671, 2692, 2705, 2715, 2725, 2859, 2968, 3033, 3045, 3074, 3123, 3194, 3204, 3249, 3260, 3297, 3315, 3322, 3364, 3390, 3461, 3497, 3565, 3585, 3629, 3635, 3646, 3651, 3704, 3844, 4037, 4063, 4100, 4256], 'Signaling': [2442], 'Technology,': [2443], 'Inc.': [2444, 2485, 2546], '(Beverly,': [2445], 'MA).': [2446], 'antibody': [2448, 2463, 3444, 3754], 'Santa': [2454, 3104], 'Cruz': [2455], 'Biotechnology': [2456, 3743], '(Santa': [2457, 3755], 'Cruz,': [2458, 3756], 'CA).': [2459], 'anti-NFATc1': [2461], 'monoclonal': [2462], 'BD': [2467], 'Biosciences.': [2468], 'Alexa': [2469], 'Fluor': [2470], '546': [2471], 'goat': [2472, 2476, 3598], 'antimouse': [2473], '488': [2475], 'anti-rabbit': [2477], 'IgG': [2478, 3753], 'Molecular': [2483], 'Probes,': [2484], '(Eugene,': [2486], 'OR).': [2487], 'Reverse': [2488], 'transcription-PCR': [2489, 2635], 'kit': [2490, 3416], 'obtained': [2492, 4257], 'Invitrogen.': [2494], 'SB203580': [2495], 'PD98059': [2497], 'Calbiochem.': [2501], 'Culture—Bone': [2503], 'prepared': [2507, 2693, 3365, 3716], 'removing': [2509], 'femurs': [2510], 'tibias': [2512], '6-': [2514], '8-week-old': [2516], 'C5B/B6N': [2517], 'flashing': [2520], 'cavity': [2524], 'α-modified': [2526, 2649], 'minimum': [2527, 2650], "Eagle's": [2528, 2676], 'medium': [2529, 2615, 2652, 2677], '(Sigma)': [2530], 'containing': [2531, 3055, 3569, 3848, 3860], '10%': [2532, 2655, 2681], 'serum': [2535, 3599], '(FBS;': [2536], 'Biological': [2537], 'Industries,': [2538], 'Israel)': [2539], '50': [2541, 2662, 2684], 'μg/ml': [2542, 2663, 2685, 3354], 'penicillin/streptomycin': [2543, 2664], '(ICN': [2544], 'Biomedical,': [2545], 'OH).': [2547], 'lysing': [2549, 2553], 'erythrocytes': [2551], 'buffer': [2554, 2800, 3135, 3326, 3469, 3475], '(17': [2555], 'mm': [2556, 2790, 3328, 3333, 3336, 3339, 3344, 3348, 3351, 3357, 3477, 3482, 3485, 3488, 3491], 'Tris,': [2557, 3478], 'pH': [2558, 3330, 3479], '7.65,': [2559], '0.75%': [2560], 'NH4Cl),': [2561], 'seeded': [2564], '1.5': [2566], '×106': [2567], 'cells/well': [2568, 3086], '(0.5': [2569], 'ml)': [2570], '24-well': [2572], 'plates': [2573, 3078], 'presence': [2576, 2605, 4019, 4052, 4106, 4291], 'M-CSF.': [2578, 2709], '3-day': [2581], 'incubation,': [2582], 'nonadherent': [2583], 'removed': [2586], 'culture': [2589, 2614], 'pipetting': [2591], 'washed': [2593, 2629, 3124, 3464, 3580, 3612], 'saline': [2596], '(PBS).': [2597], 'Adherent': [2598], 'further': [2601, 3531], 'incubated': [2602, 2706, 3532, 3603, 3615], 'M-CSF': [2607, 4056], 'sRANKL': [2609, 2718], '5–6': [2611], 'days.': [2612], 'replaced': [2617], 'every': [2618], 'days': [2620], 'fresh': [2622], 'complete': [2623], 'medium.': [2624], 'subjected': [2631, 2726, 3206, 3813], 'immunostaining,': [2633], '(RT-PCR),': [2636], 'immunoblot': [2638], 'analysis.': [2639, 4067], 'murine': [2641, 2747, 2956, 3189, 3752, 4031, 4261], '(RIKEN,': [2644], 'RCB0535)': [2645], 'maintained': [2647], 'supplemented': [2653, 2679], 'FBS': [2656, 2682], '(JRH': [2657], 'Biosciences,': [2658], 'Lenexa,': [2659], 'KS)': [2660], 'described': [2666, 2755, 2926, 3217, 3676], 'previously.': [2667], 'HEK293': [2669], 'grown': [2672], "Dulbecco's": [2674], 'modified': [2675], '(Invitrogen)': [2678], 'penicillin/streptomycin.': [2686], 'Peripheral': [2687], '(PBMC)': [2691], 'heparinized': [2696], 'Ficoll-Paque': [2700], 'gradient': [2701], 'centrifugation': [2702, 3367], 'method': [2703], '7': [2711], 'days,': [2712, 2721, 4059], 'adherent': [2713], 'macrophages': [2714], 'cultured': [2716, 2752], '3–5': [2720, 4058], 'immunoprecipitation': [2729], '(ChIP)': [2730], 'assay.': [2731, 3432], 'Detection': [2732], 'Expression': [2737], 'RT-PCR—Total': [2739], 'RNA': [2740, 2781, 3199], 'cDNA': [2742], 'synthesis': [2743], 'isolated': [2745, 4064], 'previously': [2756, 2927, 3218, 3948], '(38Matsumoto': [2757, 2928, 3949], 'Hisatake': [2759, 2930, 3951], 'Nogi': [2761, 2932, 3953], '276:': [2769, 2940, 3961], '33086-33092Abstract': [2770, 2941, 3962], '(19)': [2778, 2949, 3970], 'reverse-transcribed': [2783], 'using': [2785, 2807, 3037, 3178, 3197, 3253, 3412, 3638, 3654, 3663, 3788, 4014, 4259], 'SuperscriptII': [2786], 'transcriptase,': [2788], '1': [2789, 2792, 2822, 3335, 3338, 3347, 3350, 3353, 3356, 3610, 3617], 'dNTPs,': [2791], 'μg': [2793, 3095, 3501], 'oligo(dT)': [2795], 'primers,': [2796], 'supplied': [2799], '(Invitrogen).': [2801], 'RT-PCR': [2802, 4016], 'assay': [2803, 3147, 3670], 'carried': [2805, 2819, 3672], 'out': [2806, 2820, 3673], 'primer': [2810, 3842], 'pairs:': [2811], '5′-TGGATGAAATCTCTCGGCGT-3′': [2812], '(sense)': [2813], '5′-TCATGTCTCCCAAGTGGTTC-3′': [2815], '(antisense).': [2816], 'PCR': [2817, 3036, 3781, 3798, 3829, 4066], 'cycle': [2823], '95': [2825, 2835], '°C': [2826, 2836, 2841, 2847, 3377, 3760], '5': [2828, 3385, 3481, 3517, 3592], 'min,': [2829, 2839, 2844, 3593, 3602], 'followed': [2830], '25': [2832], 'cycles': [2833, 3786], '0.5': [2838, 2843, 2849], '57': [2840], '72': [2846], 'min.': [2850, 3711], 'relative': [2852], 'amounts': [2853], 'mRNAs': [2858], 'normalized': [2860, 3164], 'β-actin': [2865, 4279], '(39Matsumoto': [2867], 'Maruyama': [2871], 'FEBS': [2877, 4132], 'Lett.': [2878, 4133], '486:': [2880], '23-28Crossref': [2881], '(76)': [2884], 'Plasmid': [2887], 'Construction—The': [2888], 'pcDNA3NFATc1': [2889], 'plasmid': [2890, 2906, 3097], 'Dr.': [2895, 2912, 2972, 2977], '(Emory': [2899], 'University': [2900], 'School': [2901], 'Medicine).': [2903], 'pcDNA3PU.1': [2905], 'kind': [2909], 'gift': [2910], 'Sighn': [2914], '(Harvard': [2915], 'Medical': [2916], 'School).': [2917], 'plasmid,': [2921, 2991, 3071], 'pcDNAFLAG-MITF,': [2922], 'constructed': [2924, 2994], 'plasmids': [2954], 'p38,': [2957], 'pcDNA3p38,': [2958], 'constitutive': [2961], 'active': [2962], 'MKK6': [2965], '(MKK6CA),': [2966], 'pSRαMKK6,': [2967], '(RIKEN)': [2975], 'Karin': [2979], '(University': [2980], 'California,': [2982], 'San': [2983], 'Diego),': [2984], 'respectively.': [2985], 'p-1108CathepsinLuc,': [2992], 'obtaining': [2996], 'genomic': [2999, 3766, 3838], 'clone': [3000], 'encoding': [3001], '5′-flanking': [3003], 'region': [3004, 3847, 3859, 3870], 'PCR.': [3011], 'fragments': [3013, 3044], 'sequentially': [3016], 'deleted': [3017], 'sequence': [3018, 4410], '–1108,': [3020], '–818,': [3021], '–516,': [3022], '–222': [3024], '+1': [3026], 'amplified': [3034, 3797], 'primers': [3039, 3792], 'template.': [3042], 'subcloned': [3047], 'MluI/HindIII': [3049], 'sites': [3050, 4356], 'pGL3': [3052], 'basic': [3053], 'vector': [3054], 'luciferase': [3057, 3146], '(Promega,': [3060], 'Madison,': [3061, 3137], 'WI).': [3062, 3138], 'Transfection': [3063], 'Luciferase': [3065, 3139, 3155], 'Assay—For': [3066], 'transfection': [3067, 3171], 'plated': [3075], 'on': [3076, 3300, 3392, 3446, 3563, 4246], '12-well': [3077], 'density': [3081], '×': [3084, 3370], '105': [3085], 'day': [3088, 4089], 'before': [3089], 'transfection.': [3090], 'total': [3092, 4061], '2': [3094, 3264, 3484, 3500], 'DNA': [3098, 3257, 3767, 4403], 'mixed': [3100, 3498], 'Superfect': [3102], '(Qiagen,': [3103], 'Clarita,': [3105], 'CA)': [3106, 3757], 'transfected': [3108], "manufacturer's": [3114, 3153], 'protocol.': [3115], '48': [3117], 'h': [3118, 3453, 3618], 'transfection,': [3120], 'three': [3125], 'times': [3126, 3383], 'PBS': [3128, 3568], 'lysed': [3131, 3323], 'lysis': [3134, 3325, 3468], '(Promega;': [3136], 'activity': [3140, 3156, 3167, 3174, 3424], 'measured': [3143, 3158, 3176, 3426], '(Promega)': [3149, 3215], 'according': [3150], 'instructions.': [3154], 'triplicate,': [3160], 'averaged,': [3161], 'β-galactosidase': [3166], 'correct': [3169], 'efficiency.': [3172], 'β-Galactosidase': [3173], 'o-nitrophenyl-β-d-galactopyranoside': [3180], 'substrate.': [3183], 'Electrophoretic': [3184], 'Mobility-shift': [3185], 'Analysis': [3186], '(EMSA)—The': [3187], 'full-length': [3188], 'cDNAs': [3193], 'transcribed': [3195], 'T7': [3198], 'polymerase,': [3200], 'RNAs': [3203, 4062], 'translation': [3210], 'rabbit': [3212, 3750], 'reticulocyte': [3213, 3267], 'lysate': [3214], '(40Matsumoto': [3219], 'Harada': [3223], 'Kitagawa': [3229], 'Schindler': [3231], 'Hoppe-Seyler.': [3237], '380:': [3239], '699-703Crossref': [3240], '(94)': [3243], 'Oligonucleotide': [3246], 'probes': [3247], 'employed': [3248], 'labeled': [3250], '[γ-32P]ATP': [3252, 3520], 'T4': [3254], 'polynucleotide': [3255], 'binding': [3258], 'assays': [3259], 'performed': [3261, 3316, 3407, 3661], 'incubating': [3263], 'μl': [3265, 3523], 'lysates': [3268], '32P-labeled': [3270, 3820], 'double-stranded': [3271, 3287], 'oligonucleotides': [3272, 3288], '30': [3274, 3277, 3522, 3534, 3537, 3601, 3785], 'min': [3275, 3374, 3535, 3574], '°C.': [3278, 3538], 'For': [3279, 3828], 'competition': [3280], 'assays,': [3281], '200-fold': [3283], 'excess': [3284], 'unlabeled': [3286], 'added': [3290], 'reaction': [3293, 3528, 3541], 'mixture.': [3294], 'samples': [3296], 'resolved': [3299, 3801], '4%': [3302, 3570], 'polyacrylamide': [3303], 'gel': [3304, 3396, 3805], 'run': [3305], 'TBE': [3307], 'buffer.': [3308, 3526, 3551], 'Western': [3309], 'Blot': [3310], 'Analysis—Immunoblot': [3311], 'immunoprecipitations': [3314], 'described.': [3318], 'brief,': [3320], '(20': [3327], 'Tris-HCl,': [3329], '7.5,': [3331, 3480], '150': [3332], 'NaCl,': [3334], 'Na2EDTA,': [3337], 'EGTA,': [3340], '1%': [3341, 3707], 'Triton,': [3342], '2.5': [3343], 'sodium': [3345], 'pyrophosphate,': [3346], 'β-glycerophosphate,': [3349, 3483], 'Na3VO4,': [3352, 3489], 'leupeptin,': [3355], 'phenylmethylsulfonyl': [3358], 'fluoride).': [3359], 'Whole': [3360], 'extracts': [3362], '(WCEs)': [3363], '10,000': [3369], 'g': [3371], '15': [3373, 3710], '4': [3376, 3457, 3759], 'after': [3378], 'sonication': [3379], 'four': [3382], 's.': [3386], 'WCEs': [3387, 3467], '(30': [3388], 'μg)': [3389], 'electrophoresed': [3391], '12%': [3394], 'SDS-polyacrylamide': [3395], 'blotted': [3398], 'onto': [3399], 'polyvinylidene': [3401], 'difluoride': [3402], 'membrane.': [3403], 'Immunoblot': [3404], 'detection': [3405, 3415], 'corresponding': [3410], 'ECL': [3414], '(Amersham': [3417], 'Biosciences).': [3418], 'Protein': [3419], 'Kinase': [3420, 3885], 'Assays—p38': [3421], 'immune': [3429], 'Phosphorylated': [3433], 'immunoprecipitated': [3438, 3722, 3771], 'anti-phosphorylated': [3440], '(pp38)': [3442], 'polyclonal': [3443], 'immobilized': [3445], 'agarose': [3447, 3804], 'beads': [3448], '(anti-pp38': [3449], 'Ab-agarose).': [3450], 'incubation': [3455], '°C,': [3458], 'immunoprecipitates': [3460], 'collected': [3462], 'twice': [3465, 3472], '(25': [3476], 'dithiothreitol,': [3486], '0.1': [3487], '10': [3490, 3573], 'MgCl2).': [3492], 'Immunoprecipitates': [3493], 'anti-pp38': [3495], 'Ab-agarose': [3496], 'GST': [3503], 'fused': [3504], 'truncated': [3507], '(GST-NFATc1)': [3511], 'substrate': [3515], 'μCi': [3518], 'mixture': [3529], 'terminated': [3543], 'appropriate': [3546, 3606, 3621], 'volume': [3547], 'SDS': [3549], 'sample': [3550], 'GST-NFATc1': [3554], 'detected': [3557], 'autoradiography.': [3559], 'Immunofluorescence': [3560], 'Staining—Authentic': [3561], 'coverslips': [3564, 3584, 3628], 'fixed': [3566], 'paraformaldehyde': [3571], 'room': [3576], 'temperature': [3577], 'PBS.': [3582], 'permeabilized': [3586], '0.1%': [3588], 'Triton': [3589], 'X-100': [3590], 'immersed': [3594], '5%': [3596], 'normal': [3597], 'primary': [3607], 'h,': [3611], 'fluorescent-conjugated': [3622], 'secondary': [3623], 'antibodies,': [3624], 'washed.': [3626], 'All': [3627], 'mounted': [3630], 'OCT': [3632], 'compound.': [3633], 'Cells': [3634], 'examined': [3636], 'fluorescence': [3639], 'microscopy': [3640], '(Axioplan2': [3641], 'Imaging': [3642], 'MOT;': [3643], 'Zeiss).': [3644], 'Images': [3645], 'recorded,': [3647], 'composite': [3649], 'images': [3650], 'compiled': [3652], 'AxioVision': [3655], '3.1.': [3656], 'image': [3658], 'Adobe': [3664], 'Photoshop': [3665], '6.0.': [3666], 'ChIP': [3667, 3669], 'Assay—The': [3668], 'essentially': [3674], '(41Saccani': [3677], 'Pantano': [3679], 'Natoli': [3681], 'Exp.': [3684], '193:': [3687], '1351-1359Crossref': [3688], '(338)': [3691], 'minor': [3696], 'modification.': [3697], 'Briefly,': [3698], 'macrophages,': [3701], 'treated': [3705, 4101], 'formaldehyde': [3708], 'cross-linked': [3713], 'sonicated': [3718], 'being': [3721], 'acetylated': [3731], 'Lys14': [3732], '(K14)': [3733], 'Ser10': [3736], '(S10)': [3737], 'histone': [3740], 'H3': [3741], '(Upstate': [3742], 'Inc.,': [3744], 'Lake': [3745], 'Placid,': [3746], 'NY)': [3747], 'control': [3749], 'overnight.': [3761], 'reversal': [3763], 'cross-linking,': [3765], 'associated': [3768], 'template': [3777], 'amplification': [3779, 3830], '27': [3783], 'indicated': [3794], 'below.': [3795], 'product': [3799], '1.5%': [3803], 'electrophoresis,': [3806], 'subsequently': [3807], 'transferred': [3808], 'nylon': [3810], 'membrane,': [3811], 'Southern': [3815], 'blot': [3816], 'promoter-specific': [3823], 'probe': [3824], 'spanning': [3825], 'each': [3826], 'region.': [3827], 'regions': [3833], 'locus,': [3839], 'used:': [3845], 'PU.1-binding': [3850], 'P2': [3851], 'site,': [3852, 3863], 'sense,': [3853, 3874], '5′-GAGGGTTTATGCATGGAATCCAGC-3′,': [3854], 'antisense,': [3856, 3866, 3877], '5′-TCTAGGACAAGTCACATGAGCTTC-3′;': [3857], 'NFATc1-binding': [3861], 'N2': [3862], '5′-CATCCCAGAGGTGAGAGTCAGAC-3′,': [3864], '5′-GGAGCTTACTTTCTCTTTTGGTGAG-3′;': [3867], 'exon': [3872], '7,': [3873], '5′-GTGTATTATGATGAAAGCTGCAATAGC-3′,': [3875], '5′-CTGTTTTTAATTATCCAGTGCTTGTTTCC-3′': [3878], 'control.': [3882], 'Is': [3886], 'Essential': [3887], 'Induction': [3890], 'Gene': [3894, 4335], 'RANKL—MAP': [3896], 'important': [3899, 4347], 'transmitting': [3901], 'signals': [3904], 'nucleus': [3907], 'diverse': [3909], 'biological': [3910], 'phenomena': [3911], 'including': [3912, 4350], '(4Lee': [3915], '42Teitelbaum': [3931], 'Ross': [3933], 'F.P.': [3934], 'Genet.': [3937], '4:': [3939], '638-649Crossref': [3940], '(1324)': [3943], 'We': [3946], 'accompanied': [3981], 'increased': [3984, 4077], 'mRNA.': [3989, 4253], 'To': [3990], 'determine': [3991], 'whether': [3992], 'pathway': [3998], 'involved': [4000], 'expression,': [4007], 'analyzed': [4009], 'semiquantitative': [4015], 'absence': [4021, 4293], 'inhibitors.': [4025, 4296], 'As': [4026, 4274], 'shown': [4027], 'Fig.': [4029, 4068], '1A,': [4030], '(BMMϕ)': [4035], 'allowed': [4038], 'tartrate': [4045], '(TRAP)-positive': [4048], '1B': [4069], 'BMMϕ': [4075], '19.8-': [4085], '28.9-fold': [4087], '5,': [4092], 'respectively,': [4093], 'When': [4097], '(43Cuenda': [4116], 'Rouse': [4118], 'Doza': [4120], 'Y.N.': [4121], 'Meier': [4122], 'Cohen': [4124], 'Gallagher': [4126, 4154], 'T.F.': [4127, 4155], 'Young': [4128], 'P.R.': [4129, 4143], 'J.C.': [4131, 4173, 4197], '364:': [4135], '229-233Crossref': [4136], '(1981)': [4139], '44Young': [4142], 'McLaughlin': [4144], 'Kumar': [4146], 'Kassis': [4148], 'Doyle': [4150], 'M.L.': [4151], 'McNulty': [4152], 'McDonnell': [4158], 'P.C.': [4159], 'Carr': [4160], 'S.A.': [4161], 'Huddleston': [4162], 'Seibel': [4164], 'Porter': [4166], 'T.G.': [4167], 'Livi': [4168], 'Adams': [4170, 4194], 'J.L.': [4171, 4195], '12116-12121Abstract': [4179], '(537)': [4187], '45Kumar': [4190], '263:': [4203], '825-831Crossref': [4204], '(228)': [4207], 'dramatic': [4211], 'reduction': [4212], 'well': [4221], 'inhibition': [4223], 'observed.': [4228], 'By': [4229], 'contrast,': [4230], 'PD98059,': [4231], 'MAPK/ERK': [4241, 4320], 'had': [4243], 'no': [4244], 'effect': [4245], 'Similar': [4254], 'monocyte/macrophage': [4262], 'line,': [4264], 'RAW264,': [4265], '(data': [4271], 'shown).': [4273], 'control,': [4275], 'affected': [4283], 'largely': [4310], 'pathway.': [4322], 'Identification': [4323], 'RANKL-responsive': [4325], 'Elements': [4326], 'NFAT': [4328, 4413], 'Family': [4329], 'Promoter—Previous': [4336], 'potentially': [4346], 'cis-elements,': [4349, 4398], 'E': [4354], 'box': [4355], '(46Rood': [4357], 'Horn': [4360], 'Drake': [4362], 'F.H.': [4363], 'Gowen': [4364], 'Debouck': [4366], 'Genomics.': [4368], '41:': [4370], '169-176Crossref': [4371], '(44)': [4374], '47Li': [4377], 'Y.P.': [4378], '14:': [4386], '487-499Crossref': [4387], '(53)': [4390], 'addition': [4394], 'two': [4402], 'sequences': [4404], 'matched': [4407], 'consensus': [4409], '(5': [4415]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2030075526', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 24}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 19}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 34}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 21}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 27}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 17}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 18}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 33}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 22}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 18}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 31}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-14T01:50:28.540301', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}
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