Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2028751334', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02899483', 'title': 'A generic design model for evolutionary algorithms', 'display_name': 'A generic design model for evolutionary algorithms', 'publication_year': 2003, 'publication_date': '2003-03-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2028751334', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02899483', 'mag': '2028751334'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02899483', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S91713211', 'display_name': 'Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences', 'issn_l': '1007-1202', 'issn': ['1007-1202', '1993-4998'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5081247449', 'display_name': 'Feng He', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5128-3061'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I37461747', 'display_name': 'Wuhan University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/033vjfk17', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I37461747']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Feng He', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['State Key Laboratory of Software Engineering, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, Hubei, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'State Key Laboratory of Software Engineering, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, Hubei, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I37461747']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5083513455', 'display_name': 'Lishan Kang', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I37461747', 'display_name': 'Wuhan University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/033vjfk17', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I37461747']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Li-shan Kang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['State Key Laboratory of Software Engineering, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, Hubei, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'State Key Laboratory of Software Engineering, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, Hubei, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I37461747']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100610921', 'display_name': 'Yuping Chen', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0101-9713'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I37461747', 'display_name': 'Wuhan University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/033vjfk17', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I37461747']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Chen Yu-ping', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['State Key Laboratory of Software Engineering, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, Hubei, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'State Key Laboratory of Software Engineering, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, Hubei, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I37461747']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 1, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.593083, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 59, 'max': 67}, 'biblio': {'volume': '8', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '224', 'last_page': '228'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11975', 'display_name': 'Application of Genetic Programming in Machine Learning', 'score': 0.923, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11975', 'display_name': 'Application of Genetic Programming in Machine Learning', 'score': 0.923, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/generality', 'display_name': 'Generality', 'score': 0.74401206}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation', 'display_name': 'Implementation', 'score': 0.7057296}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/abstraction', 'display_name': 'Abstraction', 'score': 0.5436345}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-algorithms', 'display_name': 'Evolutionary Algorithms', 'score': 0.495715}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/encapsulation', 'display_name': 'Encapsulation (networking)', 'score': 0.47371024}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.83521867}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780767217', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532421', 'display_name': 'Generality', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.74401206}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C26713055', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962', 'display_name': 'Implementation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7057296}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C124304363', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673661', 'display_name': 'Abstraction', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5436345}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C145644426', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169411', 'display_name': 'Unified Modeling Language', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5325405}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159149176', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14489129', 'display_name': 'Evolutionary algorithm', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48274273}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C81147070', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172449', 'display_name': 'Encapsulation (networking)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47371024}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C26517878', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039', 'display_name': 'Key (lock)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45835438}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C123657996', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271', 'display_name': 'Architecture', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4187826}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C80444323', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974', 'display_name': 'Theoretical computer science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.39539656}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C11413529', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366', 'display_name': 'Algorithm', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37470043}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143', 'display_name': 'Programming language', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2814743}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.27018997}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777904410', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397', 'display_name': 'Software', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.122668356}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C31258907', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371', 'display_name': 'Computer network', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C38652104', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521', 'display_name': 'Computer security', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111472728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471', 'display_name': 'Epistemology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C542102704', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257', 'display_name': 'Psychotherapist', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142362112', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735', 'display_name': 'Art', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153349607', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649', 'display_name': 'Visual arts', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02899483', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S91713211', 'display_name': 'Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences', 'issn_l': '1007-1202', 'issn': ['1007-1202', '1993-4998'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 7, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1497256448', 'https://openalex.org/W1508419498', 'https://openalex.org/W1649645444', 'https://openalex.org/W2159765281', 'https://openalex.org/W4230781079', 'https://openalex.org/W4235163449', 'https://openalex.org/W4301321090'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4381094582', 'https://openalex.org/W4281642025', 'https://openalex.org/W2369625323', 'https://openalex.org/W2364579609', 'https://openalex.org/W2201908702', 'https://openalex.org/W2114226318', 'https://openalex.org/W2045049461', 'https://openalex.org/W1984248482', 'https://openalex.org/W1978893398', 'https://openalex.org/W1977906818'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2028751334', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-09T08:14:08.677588', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}