Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2026637973', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1006/mpat.1994.1026', 'title': 'Environmental regulation of α-haemolysin expression in Escherichia coli', 'display_name': 'Environmental regulation of α-haemolysin expression in Escherichia coli', 'publication_year': 1994, 'publication_date': '1994-04-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2026637973', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1006/mpat.1994.1026', 'mag': '2026637973', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7968454'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1006/mpat.1994.1026', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S113190374', 'display_name': 'Microbial Pathogenesis', 'issn_l': '0882-4010', 'issn': ['0882-4010', '1096-1208'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5067707548', 'display_name': 'M. Mouriño', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I71999127', 'display_name': 'Universitat de Barcelona', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/021018s57', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I71999127']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'M. Mouriño', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Departamento de Microbiología Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, Spain.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Departamento de Microbiología Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, Spain.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I71999127']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5066169308', 'display_name': 'F. Muñoa', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I71999127', 'display_name': 'Universitat de Barcelona', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/021018s57', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I71999127']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'F. Muñoa', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I71999127']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5028886276', 'display_name': 'Carlos Balsalobre', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4147-219X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I71999127', 'display_name': 'Universitat de Barcelona', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/021018s57', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I71999127']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'C. Balsalobre', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I71999127']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5012704539', 'display_name': 'Pilar Dı́az', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4008-0669'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I71999127', 'display_name': 'Universitat de Barcelona', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/021018s57', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I71999127']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'P. Diaz', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I71999127']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5009971440', 'display_name': 'Cristina Madrid', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5861-3980'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I71999127', 'display_name': 'Universitat de Barcelona', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/021018s57', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I71999127']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'C. Madrid', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I71999127']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5052802508', 'display_name': 'Antonio Juárez', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5027-8778'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I71999127', 'display_name': 'Universitat de Barcelona', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/021018s57', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I71999127']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'A. Juarez', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I71999127']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 2960, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2960, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.567, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 46, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.818577, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 91, 'max': 92}, 'biblio': {'volume': '16', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '249', 'last_page': '259'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10943', 'display_name': 'Pathogenesis and Virulence of Escherichia coli', 'score': 0.9776, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1310', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10943', 'display_name': 'Pathogenesis and Virulence of Escherichia coli', 'score': 0.9776, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1310', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11684', 'display_name': 'Dynamics and Pathogenesis of Cholera Bacteria', 'score': 0.9705, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1310', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12232', 'display_name': 'Genetic and Pathogenic Study of Plague Bacteria', 'score': 0.9476, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1311', 'display_name': 'Genetics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/hemolysin', 'display_name': 'Hemolysin', 'score': 0.89738953}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/osmotic-concentration', 'display_name': 'Osmotic concentration', 'score': 0.81978273}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-pathogenesis', 'display_name': 'Bacterial Pathogenesis', 'score': 0.494569}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136139683', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2746278', 'display_name': 'Hemolysin', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.89738953}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C547475151', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25419', 'display_name': 'Escherichia coli', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.89552283}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C129900496', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q643555', 'display_name': 'Osmotic concentration', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.81978273}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89423630', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193', 'display_name': 'Microbiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.7148565}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6797684}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778910516', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380136', 'display_name': 'Enterobacteriaceae', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.64075744}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C22744801', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172778', 'display_name': 'Plasmid', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.63045007}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.19590518}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.16988468}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C60987743', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1460232', 'display_name': 'Virulence', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.06678116}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D001426', 'descriptor_name': 'Bacterial Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000096', 'qualifier_name': 'biosynthesis', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001427', 'descriptor_name': 'Bacterial Toxins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000096', 'qualifier_name': 'biosynthesis', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004926', 'descriptor_name': 'Escherichia coli', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D029968', 'descriptor_name': 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015964', 'descriptor_name': 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006460', 'descriptor_name': 'Hemolysin Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000096', 'qualifier_name': 'biosynthesis', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000693', 'descriptor_name': 'Anaerobiosis', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001426', 'descriptor_name': 'Bacterial Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001426', 'descriptor_name': 'Bacterial Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001427', 'descriptor_name': 'Bacterial Toxins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001483', 'descriptor_name': 'Base Sequence', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004926', 'descriptor_name': 'Escherichia coli', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004926', 'descriptor_name': 'Escherichia coli', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000472', 'qualifier_name': 'pathogenicity', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015964', 'descriptor_name': 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006460', 'descriptor_name': 'Hemolysin Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006460', 'descriptor_name': 'Hemolysin Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008969', 'descriptor_name': 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009994', 'descriptor_name': 'Osmolar Concentration', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011993', 'descriptor_name': 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011993', 'descriptor_name': 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000096', 'qualifier_name': 'biosynthesis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013696', 'descriptor_name': 'Temperature', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014551', 'descriptor_name': 'Urinary Tract', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000382', 'qualifier_name': 'microbiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014551', 'descriptor_name': 'Urinary Tract', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1006/mpat.1994.1026', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S113190374', 'display_name': 'Microbial Pathogenesis', 'issn_l': '0882-4010', 'issn': ['0882-4010', '1096-1208'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7968454', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W96819689', 'https://openalex.org/W2318106903', 'https://openalex.org/W2288694984', 'https://openalex.org/W2135369330', 'https://openalex.org/W2087887478', 'https://openalex.org/W2055194879', 'https://openalex.org/W2041543427', 'https://openalex.org/W2026637973', 'https://openalex.org/W1999823179', 'https://openalex.org/W1985426194'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0], 'effect': [1], 'of': [2, 10, 18], 'osmolarity,': [3], 'temperature': [4, 25], 'and': [5, 27], 'anaerobiosis': [6, 28], 'on': [7], 'the': [8, 19, 37], 'expression': [9], 'Escherichia': [11], 'coli': [12, 34], 'α-haemolysin': [13], 'was': [14], 'investigated.': [15], 'Low': [16], 'osmolarity': [17], 'culture': [20], 'medium,': [21], 'growth': [22], 'at': [23], 'high': [24], '(37°C)': [26], 'increase': [29], 'haemolysin': [30], 'production': [31], 'in': [32, 44], 'E.': [33], 'cells': [35], 'harbouring': [36], 'haemolytic': [38, 45], 'plasmid': [39], 'pHly152': [40], 'as': [41, 43], 'well': [42], 'strains': [46], 'isolated': [47], 'from': [48], 'urinary-tract': [49], 'infections.': [50]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2026637973', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-08-15T06:08:38.154633', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}