Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2026626180', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surneu.2007.12.022', 'title': 'The history of awake craniotomy for brain tumor and its spread into Asia', 'display_name': 'The history of awake craniotomy for brain tumor and its spread into Asia', 'publication_year': 2009, 'publication_date': '2009-05-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2026626180', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surneu.2007.12.022', 'mag': '2026626180', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18452979'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surneu.2007.12.022', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S121735603', 'display_name': 'Surgical Neurology', 'issn_l': '0090-3019', 'issn': ['0090-3019', '1879-3339'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5090260921', 'display_name': 'Julius July', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1106-0864'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2799337515', 'display_name': 'Toronto Western Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03qv8yq19', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1325899441', 'https://openalex.org/I2799337515']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1325899441', 'display_name': 'University Health Network', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/042xt5161', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1325899441']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Julius July', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Division of Neurosurgery, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 2S8.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Division of Neurosurgery, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 2S8.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2799337515', 'https://openalex.org/I1325899441']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5076383842', 'display_name': 'Pirjo Manninen', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Pirjo Manninen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5026111602', 'display_name': 'J. Lai', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8203-0016'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jacob Lai', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5043653346', 'display_name': 'Zhenhai Yao', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Zhenhai Yao', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5054915211', 'display_name': 'Mark Bernstein', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4630-0108'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Mark Bernstein', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.282, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 40, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.789371, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 93, 'max': 94}, 'biblio': {'volume': '71', 'issue': '5', 'first_page': '621', 'last_page': '624'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10094', 'display_name': 'Epilepsy and Seizures', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2738', 'display_name': 'Psychiatry and Mental health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10094', 'display_name': 'Epilepsy and Seizures', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2738', 'display_name': 'Psychiatry and Mental health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10129', 'display_name': 'Gliomas', 'score': 0.9987, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2716', 'display_name': 'Genetics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10436', 'display_name': 'Anesthesia and Sedation Management', 'score': 0.9967, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2703', 'display_name': 'Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/awake-craniotomy', 'display_name': 'Awake craniotomy', 'score': 0.9071098}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-tumor-epidemiology', 'display_name': 'Brain Tumor Epidemiology', 'score': 0.444107}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778871575', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514921', 'display_name': 'Craniotomy', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9478625}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776616605', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25339666', 'display_name': 'Awake craniotomy', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.9071098}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.8780588}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159110652', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17078201', 'display_name': 'Resection', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.53519547}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2908647359', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603', 'display_name': 'Population', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.51778185}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777348757', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2346577', 'display_name': 'Cortex (anatomy)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48539767}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42219234', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130', 'display_name': 'Anesthesia', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3828316}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C141071460', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821', 'display_name': 'Surgery', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37246954}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2859297}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C99454951', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068', 'display_name': 'Environmental health', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D001932', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000266', 'qualifier_name': 'history', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001932', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000601', 'qualifier_name': 'surgery', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003399', 'descriptor_name': 'Craniotomy', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000266', 'qualifier_name': 'history', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003399', 'descriptor_name': 'Craniotomy', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007393', 'descriptor_name': 'International Educational Exchange', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000266', 'qualifier_name': 'history', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009493', 'descriptor_name': 'Neurosurgery', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009493', 'descriptor_name': 'Neurosurgery', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000266', 'qualifier_name': 'history', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000772', 'descriptor_name': 'Anesthesia, Local', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000266', 'qualifier_name': 'history', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000772', 'descriptor_name': 'Anesthesia, Local', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001208', 'descriptor_name': 'Asia', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001921', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001921', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000601', 'qualifier_name': 'surgery', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001921', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001931', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain Mapping', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001931', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain Mapping', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001932', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003399', 'descriptor_name': 'Craniotomy', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004501', 'descriptor_name': 'Education, Medical', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004501', 'descriptor_name': 'Education, Medical', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004501', 'descriptor_name': 'Education, Medical', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000266', 'qualifier_name': 'history', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D049670', 'descriptor_name': 'History, 17th Century', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D049672', 'descriptor_name': 'History, 19th Century', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D049673', 'descriptor_name': 'History, 20th Century', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D049690', 'descriptor_name': 'History, Ancient', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007393', 'descriptor_name': 'International Educational Exchange', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007393', 'descriptor_name': 'International Educational Exchange', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000639', 'qualifier_name': 'trends', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D038361', 'descriptor_name': 'Neuronavigation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D038361', 'descriptor_name': 'Neuronavigation', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000639', 'qualifier_name': 'trends', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009493', 'descriptor_name': 'Neurosurgery', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014207', 'descriptor_name': 'Trephining', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000266', 'qualifier_name': 'history', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014207', 'descriptor_name': 'Trephining', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014851', 'descriptor_name': 'Wakefulness', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surneu.2007.12.022', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S121735603', 'display_name': 'Surgical Neurology', 'issn_l': '0090-3019', 'issn': ['0090-3019', '1879-3339'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18452979', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 45, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W125154182', 'https://openalex.org/W1496484701', 'https://openalex.org/W1541301341', 'https://openalex.org/W157859852', 'https://openalex.org/W1809188141', 'https://openalex.org/W1974239390', 'https://openalex.org/W1976430293', 'https://openalex.org/W1983989467', 'https://openalex.org/W1986729995', 'https://openalex.org/W2002064104', 'https://openalex.org/W2002259155', 'https://openalex.org/W2004352228', 'https://openalex.org/W2013021104', 'https://openalex.org/W2019406823', 'https://openalex.org/W2022424636', 'https://openalex.org/W2030408623', 'https://openalex.org/W2031944121', 'https://openalex.org/W2040853533', 'https://openalex.org/W2050805043', 'https://openalex.org/W2069305462', 'https://openalex.org/W2070997436', 'https://openalex.org/W2082380006', 'https://openalex.org/W2083528655', 'https://openalex.org/W2088882211', 'https://openalex.org/W2106140351', 'https://openalex.org/W2107254774', 'https://openalex.org/W2119002725', 'https://openalex.org/W2123266335', 'https://openalex.org/W2127626783', 'https://openalex.org/W2168664575', 'https://openalex.org/W2186394457', 'https://openalex.org/W2323182856', 'https://openalex.org/W2395708586', 'https://openalex.org/W2406960129', 'https://openalex.org/W2408927016', 'https://openalex.org/W2416429283', 'https://openalex.org/W2418368165', 'https://openalex.org/W2727253164', 'https://openalex.org/W2937310646', 'https://openalex.org/W416306267', 'https://openalex.org/W4243505703', 'https://openalex.org/W4250840721', 'https://openalex.org/W4252022653', 'https://openalex.org/W4294294190', 'https://openalex.org/W585401458'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4307336907', 'https://openalex.org/W4302067090', 'https://openalex.org/W4283717756', 'https://openalex.org/W3095427431', 'https://openalex.org/W2986269064', 'https://openalex.org/W2528761715', 'https://openalex.org/W2468781085', 'https://openalex.org/W2137096320', 'https://openalex.org/W2077222888', 'https://openalex.org/W2026626180'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'In': [0, 28], 'ancient': [1], 'times,': [2, 30], 'awake': [3, 65, 126], 'craniotomy': [4, 66], 'was': [5, 33], 'used': [6, 35, 89], 'for': [7, 36, 57, 73], 'trepanation': [8], 'to': [9, 21, 106], 'treat': [10], 'seizures': [11], 'and': [12, 98, 119], 'remove': [13], 'a': [14], 'variety': [15], 'of': [16, 25, 38, 44, 59, 75, 80, 83, 117], 'morbid': [17], 'conditions': [18], 'or': [19], 'even': [20], 'permit': [22], 'the': [23, 81, 94, 114, 120], 'escape': [24], 'evil': [26], 'air.': [27], 'modern': [29], 'this': [31, 53], 'technique': [32, 54], 'initially': [34], 'removal': [37, 74], 'epileptic': [39], 'foci': [40], 'with': [41, 47, 125], 'simultaneous': [42], 'application': [43], 'brain': [45], 'mapping': [46], 'electrical': [48], 'current.': [49], 'Further': [50], 'developments': [51], 'brought': [52], 'into': [55, 102], 'use': [56], 'resection': [58], 'tumors': [60, 77], 'involving': [61], 'functional': [62], 'cortex.': [63, 85], 'Recently,': [64], 'has': [67, 87, 100], 'been': [68, 88], 'described': [69], 'as': [70], 'an': [71], 'approach': [72], 'supratentorial': [76], 'nonselectively,': [78], 'regardless': [79], 'involvement': [82], 'eloquent': [84], 'It': [86], 'in': [90], 'North': [91], 'America': [92], 'since': [93], '1980s,': [95], 'then': [96], 'Europe,': [97], 'recently': [99], 'spread': [101, 105], 'Asia.': [103], 'Its': [104], 'Asia': [107], 'could': [108], 'have': [109], 'significant': [110], 'impact': [111], 'based': [112], 'on': [113], 'large': [115], 'population': [116], 'patients': [118], 'low': [121], 'resource': [122], 'utilization': [123], 'associated': [124], 'craniotomy.': [127]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2026626180', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-09T07:51:07.008122', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}