Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2025625241', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/ss.8302', 'title': 'Student Affirmative Action and the Courts', 'display_name': 'Student Affirmative Action and the Courts', 'publication_year': 1998, 'publication_date': '1998-09-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2025625241', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/ss.8302', 'mag': '2025625241'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/ss.8302', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S6089302', 'display_name': 'New Directions for Student Services', 'issn_l': '0164-7970', 'issn': ['0164-7970', '1536-0695'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5045248188', 'display_name': 'Alan T. Kolling', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Alan T. Kolling', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5045248188'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3140, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3140, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 2, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.852009, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 63, 'max': 67}, 'biblio': {'volume': '1998', 'issue': '83', 'first_page': '15', 'last_page': '31'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14017', 'display_name': 'Legal Literacy in Education Law', 'score': 0.9749, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3308', 'display_name': 'Law'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14017', 'display_name': 'Legal Literacy in Education Law', 'score': 0.9749, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3308', 'display_name': 'Law'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13075', 'display_name': 'Legal and Policy Dimensions in Transnational Contexts', 'score': 0.931, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3320', 'display_name': 'Political Science and International Relations'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T14288', 'display_name': 'Intersections of Freedom of Speech and Civil Rights', 'score': 0.9082, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3312', 'display_name': 'Sociology and Political Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/student-speech-rights', 'display_name': 'Student Speech Rights', 'score': 0.491478}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-action', 'display_name': 'Legal action', 'score': 0.4305663}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777732099', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214244', 'display_name': 'Affirmative action', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9354809}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4930174}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780791683', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785', 'display_name': 'Action (physics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48058844}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120912362', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822', 'display_name': 'Higher education', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4695338}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2993819037', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836925', 'display_name': 'Legal action', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4305663}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.42651075}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.32651907}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/ss.8302', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S6089302', 'display_name': 'New Directions for Student Services', 'issn_l': '0164-7970', 'issn': ['0164-7970', '1536-0695'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 2, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2046539017', 'https://openalex.org/W321276741'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W640333583', 'https://openalex.org/W2914285022', 'https://openalex.org/W2601068055', 'https://openalex.org/W2359108027', 'https://openalex.org/W2351813457', 'https://openalex.org/W2146820340', 'https://openalex.org/W2043461137', 'https://openalex.org/W2042792212', 'https://openalex.org/W1980912506', 'https://openalex.org/W1568702712'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'A': [1], 'discussion': [2], 'of': [3, 9], 'the': [4], 'legal': [5], 'developments': [6], 'and': [7, 15], 'parameters': [8], 'affirmative': [10], 'action': [11], 'related': [12], 'to': [13], 'admissions': [14], 'financial': [16], 'aid.': [17]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2025625241', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-15T09:09:53.465622', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}