Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2025389793', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1980.30.3.227', 'title': 'Cambridge Geotechnical Centrifuge Operations', 'display_name': 'Cambridge Geotechnical Centrifuge Operations', 'publication_year': 1980, 'publication_date': '1980-09-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2025389793', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1980.30.3.227', 'mag': '2025389793'}, 'language': 'fr', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1980.30.3.227', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S170199316', 'display_name': 'Géotechnique', 'issn_l': '0016-8505', 'issn': ['0016-8505', '1751-7656'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311678', 'host_organization_name': 'ICE Publishing', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311678'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['ICE Publishing'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1980.30.3.227', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5110644473', 'display_name': 'A. N. Schofield', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210096386', 'display_name': 'Bridge University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00cbm0437', 'country_code': 'SS', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210096386']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I241749', 'display_name': 'University of Cambridge', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/013meh722', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I241749']}], 'countries': ['GB', 'SS'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'A. N. Schofield', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Engineering, Cambridge University.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Engineering, Cambridge University.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210096386', 'https://openalex.org/I241749']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5110644473'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210096386', 'https://openalex.org/I241749'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 25.23, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 868, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999186, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '30', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '227', 'last_page': '268'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11046', 'display_name': 'Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2213', 'display_name': 'Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11046', 'display_name': 'Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2213', 'display_name': 'Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12233', 'display_name': 'Geotechnical Engineering and Underground Structures', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2205', 'display_name': 'Civil and Structural Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13596', 'display_name': 'Grouting, Rheology, and Soil Mechanics', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2205', 'display_name': 'Civil and Structural Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/centrifuge', 'display_name': 'Centrifuge', 'score': 0.85510194}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780657338', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191134', 'display_name': 'Centrifuge', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.85510194}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C187320778', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130', 'display_name': 'Geotechnical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.81014806}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C79186407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q472074', 'display_name': 'Plasticity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.61216205}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5757935}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C102579867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914346', 'display_name': 'Pore water pressure', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5222555}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C196715460', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414356', 'display_name': 'Compaction', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.468281}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120882062', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28352', 'display_name': 'Permeability (electromagnetism)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.466247}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.17859018}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185544564', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197', 'display_name': 'Nuclear physics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159985019', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790', 'display_name': 'Composite material', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41625074', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088', 'display_name': 'Membrane', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1980.30.3.227', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S170199316', 'display_name': 'Géotechnique', 'issn_l': '0016-8505', 'issn': ['0016-8505', '1751-7656'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311678', 'host_organization_name': 'ICE Publishing', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311678'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['ICE Publishing'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1980.30.3.227', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S170199316', 'display_name': 'Géotechnique', 'issn_l': '0016-8505', 'issn': ['0016-8505', '1751-7656'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310311678', 'host_organization_name': 'ICE Publishing', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310311678'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['ICE Publishing'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.83, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14', 'display_name': 'Life below water'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 29, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1544177219', 'https://openalex.org/W2004941813', 'https://openalex.org/W2005359837', 'https://openalex.org/W2008340366', 'https://openalex.org/W2025257892', 'https://openalex.org/W2059712370', 'https://openalex.org/W2069589822', 'https://openalex.org/W2072774074', 'https://openalex.org/W2083699205', 'https://openalex.org/W2087544445', 'https://openalex.org/W2087740116', 'https://openalex.org/W2090368030', 'https://openalex.org/W2093102749', 'https://openalex.org/W2109269849', 'https://openalex.org/W2118848938', 'https://openalex.org/W2123083010', 'https://openalex.org/W2165520522', 'https://openalex.org/W2234621093', 'https://openalex.org/W2761234759', 'https://openalex.org/W3137183651', 'https://openalex.org/W3151404269', 'https://openalex.org/W4233522949', 'https://openalex.org/W4239436398', 'https://openalex.org/W4241783076', 'https://openalex.org/W4243224068', 'https://openalex.org/W582770289', 'https://openalex.org/W639671782', 'https://openalex.org/W814738288', 'https://openalex.org/W88775338'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3139498254', 'https://openalex.org/W3026049601', 'https://openalex.org/W2479973437', 'https://openalex.org/W2374265297', 'https://openalex.org/W2354771961', 'https://openalex.org/W211445511', 'https://openalex.org/W2065565468', 'https://openalex.org/W2062877646', 'https://openalex.org/W2010732820', 'https://openalex.org/W1975324872'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0, 55, 93], 'Cambridge': [1, 219], 'Geotechnical': [2], 'Centrifuge': [3], 'routinely': [4], 'tests': [5, 192], 'models': [6, 24], 'made': [7], 'of': [8, 14, 39, 46, 58, 63, 72, 95, 97, 129, 159, 161, 167, 171, 198, 205], 'up': [9, 18], 'to': [10, 19, 51, 152], '0·2': [11, 234], 'm': [12, 235], '3': [13, 236], 'soil,': [15], 'at': [16, 80, 195], 'accelerations': [17], '125g.': [20], 'Self-weight': [21], 'effects': [22], 'in': [23, 26, 78, 135, 145, 173], 'and': [25, 37, 76, 120, 155, 186], 'corresponding': [27], 'prototypes': [28, 254], 'are': [29], 'similar': [30], 'within': [31], 'a': [32, 98, 331], 'few': [33], 'per': [34], 'cent.': [35], 'Seepage': [36], 'diffusion': [38, 267], 'pore': [40], 'water': [41], 'into': [42], 'the': [43, 196, 202], 'plane': [44, 274], 'section': [45, 273], 'an': [47], 'unlined': [48], 'tunnel': [49, 276], 'serve': [50], 'illustrate': [52], 'scaling': [53], 'relationships.': [54], 'stress/strain': [56], 'behaviour': [57], 'soil': [59], 'alters': [60], 'with': [61, 108, 114, 121], 'change': [62], 'effective': [64, 220, 298], 'pressure': [65], 'p′and': [66], 'specific': [67], 'volume': [68, 232, 302], 'v.': [69], 'A': [70], 'theory': [71, 160], 'plasticity': [73], 'explains': [74], 'cohsolidation': [75], 'yielding': [77, 109], 'shear': [79], 'states': [81, 140], 'above': [82], 'critical,': [83], 'but': [84], 'failures': [85], 'below': [86], 'critical': [87, 139, 177], 'state': [88], 'involve': [89], 'rupture': [90, 115, 332], 'or': [91], 'fracture.': [92, 334], 'range': [94], 'values': [96], 'new': [99], 'equivalent': [100], 'liquidity': [101], 'LI': [102, 343, 375], '5': [103, 112, 118, 125, 142, 344, 355, 366, 376, 396], '=': [104, 143, 345, 397], 'LI+0·5': [105, 346], 'log': [106, 347], '(p′/5)associated': [107], 'is': [110, 116, 123, 132, 149, 170, 201], '1·9<LI': [111], '<1,': [113], 'l<LI': [117], '<0·5,': [119], 'fracture': [122], '0·5<LI': [124], '.': [126, 377], 'One': [127], 'example': [128, 166], 'centrifuge': [130, 168], 'modelling': [131, 169], 'for': [133], 'tunnels': [134, 387], 'soft': [136], 'ground': [137, 174, 209], 'near': [138], '(LI': [141, 395], '1),': [144, 398], 'which': [146], 'plastic': [147], 'collapse': [148], 'observed': [150], 'closely': [151], 'match': [153], 'upper': [154], 'lower': [156], 'bound': [157], 'calculations': [158], 'plasticity.': [162], 'In': [163, 179], 'contrast,': [164], 'another': [165], 'flow-sliding': [172], 'further': [175], 'from': [176], 'states.': [178], 'two': [180], 'famous': [181], 'cases—Mississippi': [182], 'River': [183], 'Bank': [184], 'flowslides': [185], 'Champlain': [187], 'Sea': [188], 'quick': [189], 'clay': [190], 'flowslides—model': [191], 'suggest': [193], 'that': [194, 207], 'moment': [197, 484, 500], 'failure': [199], 'it': [200], 'sudden': [203], 'occurrence': [204], 'fissures': [206, 492], 'destabilizes': [208], 'when': [210], 'its': [211], 'permeability': [212], 'greatly': [213], 'increases.': [214], 'La': [215], 'Centrifugeuse': [216], 'Géotechnique': [217], 'de': [218, 225, 227, 233, 268, 295, 307, 326, 337, 360, 372, 381, 416, 419, 426, 447, 463, 469, 472, 478, 485, 491], 'à': [221, 259, 280, 316, 455, 481], 'des': [222, 238, 250, 253, 317, 379, 386, 392, 439, 461], 'essais': [223, 477], 'routine': [224], 'modèles': [226, 251, 479], 'sol,': [228], 'pouvant': [229], 'atteindre': [230], 'un': [231, 423], 'et': [237, 252, 265, 300, 312, 368, 414, 467], 'accélérations': [239], '125': [240], 'g.': [241], 'Les': [242], 'effets': [243], 'du': [244, 288, 293, 301, 320, 497], 'poids': [245], 'intrinsèque,': [246], 'dans': [247, 271, 357, 369, 438], 'le': [248, 313, 358, 370], 'cas': [249, 359, 371, 452], 'correspondants,': [255], 'ont': [256], 'été': [257], 'identiques': [258], 'quelques': [260], 'pour': [261, 399], 'cent': [262], 'près.': [263], "L'infiltration": [264], 'la': [266, 272, 296, 310, 361, 417, 464, 473, 486, 495], "l'eau": [269], 'interstitielle': [270], "d'un": [275], 'non': [277], 'enduit': [278], 'servent': [279], 'illustrer': [281], 'les': [282, 434, 457, 476], 'relations': [283], "d'échelle.": [284], 'Le': [285], 'comportement': [286], 'contrainte/déformation': [287], 'sol': [289, 389], 'varie': [290], 'en': [291, 324, 383, 388, 428], 'fonction': [292], 'changement': [294], 'pression': [297], 'p′': [299], 'spécifique': [303], 'V.': [304], 'Une': [305], 'théorie': [306, 418], 'plasticité': [308], 'explique': [309], 'consolidation': [311], 'fluage': [314], 'cisaillement': [315], 'états': [318, 393, 411], 'au-dessus': [319], 'niveau': [321], 'critique': [322], 'mais,': [323], 'dessous': [325], 'ce': [327], 'niveau,': [328], 'il': [329], 'y': [330], 'ou': [333], 'Comme': [335], 'gamme': [336], 'valeurs': [338], "d'une": [339], 'nouvelle': [340], 'liquidité': [341], 'équivalente': [342], '(p′/S)': [348], 'associée': [349], 'au': [350, 499], 'fluage,': [351], 'nous': [352, 363], 'avons': [353, 364], 'l·9<LI': [354], '<l;': [356], 'rupture,': [362, 487], '1<LI': [365], '<0·5': [367], 'fracture,': [373], '0·5': [374], 'Un': [378], 'exemples': [380], 'modélisation': [382, 427], 'centrifugeuse': [384, 429], 'concerne': [385, 433], 'mou': [390], "s'approchant": [391], 'critiques': [394], 'lesquels': [400], 'on': [401], 'peut': [402], 'observer': [403], 'que': [404, 430], "l'affrais-sement": [405], 'plastique': [406], 'correspond': [407], 'très': [408], 'sensiblement': [409], 'aux': [410], 'limites': [412], 'inférieurs': [413], 'supérieurs': [415], 'plasticité.': [420], 'Par': [421], 'contraste,': [422], 'autre': [424], 'exemple': [425], "l'on": [431], 'donne': [432], 'glissements': [435, 458], 'par': [436, 459], 'liquéfaction': [437, 460], 'terrains': [440], 'dont': [441], "l'état": [442, 448], "n'est": [443], 'pas': [444], 'aussi': [445], 'proche': [446], 'critique.': [449], 'Dans': [450], 'deux': [451], 'bien': [453], 'connus,': [454], 'savior': [456], 'Berges': [462], 'Rivière': [465], 'Mississippi': [466], 'ceux': [468], "l'argile": [470], 'sensible': [471], 'Mer': [474], 'Champlain,': [475], 'conduisent': [480], 'penser': [482], "qu'au": [483], "c'est": [488], "l'apparition": [489], 'brusque': [490], 'qui': [493], 'provoque': [494], 'déstabilisation': [496], 'terrain': [498], 'où': [501], 'sa': [502], 'perméabilité': [503], "s'accroît": [504], 'considérablement.': [505]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2025389793', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 51}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 40}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 46}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 42}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 43}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 50}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 41}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 44}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 26}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 38}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 29}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 39}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 37}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-10T15:28:10.674714', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}