Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2025345565', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.07.076', 'title': 'Biomedical applications of carboxymethyl chitosans', 'display_name': 'Biomedical applications of carboxymethyl chitosans', 'publication_year': 2012, 'publication_date': '2012-08-04', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2025345565', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.07.076', 'mag': '2025345565', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23044156'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.07.076', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S64311837', 'display_name': 'Carbohydrate Polymers', 'issn_l': '0144-8617', 'issn': ['0144-8617', '1879-1344'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5042225686', 'display_name': 'Laxmi Upadhyaya', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I152869788', 'display_name': 'Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04dp7tp96', 'country_code': 'IN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I152869788']}], 'countries': ['IN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Laxmi Upadhyaya', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Applied Mechanics, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad-211004, INDIA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Applied Mechanics, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad-211004, INDIA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I152869788']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5031725646', 'display_name': 'Jay Singh', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3793-0450'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['IN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jay Singh', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Science and Technology Centre on Biomolecular Electronics Biomedical Instrumentation Section, National Physical Laboratory (CSIR), Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Science and Technology Centre on Biomolecular Electronics Biomedical Instrumentation Section, National Physical Laboratory (CSIR), Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5034938307', 'display_name': 'Vishnu Agarwal', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7060-4454'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I152869788', 'display_name': 'Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04dp7tp96', 'country_code': 'IN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I152869788']}], 'countries': ['IN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Vishnu Agarwal', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Applied Mechanics (Biotechnology), MotiLal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad 211004, India'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Applied Mechanics (Biotechnology), MotiLal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad 211004, India', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I152869788']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5057761191', 'display_name': 'Ravi Prakash Tewari', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1602-6200'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I152869788', 'display_name': 'Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04dp7tp96', 'country_code': 'IN', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I152869788']}], 'countries': ['IN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ravi Prakash Tewari', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Applied Mechanics, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad-211004, INDIA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Applied Mechanics, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad-211004, INDIA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I152869788']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 4820, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4820, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 1.093, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 308, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.491525, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '91', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '452', 'last_page': '466'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10488', 'display_name': 'Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2502', 'display_name': 'Biomaterials'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10488', 'display_name': 'Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2502', 'display_name': 'Biomaterials'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10859', 'display_name': 'Polymer Surface Interaction Studies', 'score': 0.9976, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2508', 'display_name': 'Surfaces, Coatings and Films'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10729', 'display_name': 'Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications', 'score': 0.9961, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2502', 'display_name': 'Biomaterials'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/biocompatibility', 'display_name': 'Biocompatibility', 'score': 0.87976915}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/biomaterial', 'display_name': 'Biomaterial', 'score': 0.510491}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/carboxymethyl-cellulose', 'display_name': 'Carboxymethyl cellulose', 'score': 0.44379863}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779732960', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408510', 'display_name': 'Chitosan', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9114586}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777230088', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864426', 'display_name': 'Biocompatibility', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.87976915}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C108586683', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17164826', 'display_name': 'Self-healing hydrogels', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.51405704}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778414984', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865663', 'display_name': 'Biomaterial', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.510491}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5010102}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779820397', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1392806', 'display_name': 'Drug delivery', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47164625}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C171250308', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468', 'display_name': 'Nanotechnology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4653424}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776081644', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411030', 'display_name': 'Carboxymethyl cellulose', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.44379863}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.40125424}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.18879035}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C537181965', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658', 'display_name': 'Sodium', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D035843', 'descriptor_name': 'Biomedical Research', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D048271', 'descriptor_name': 'Chitosan', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000031', 'qualifier_name': 'analogs & derivatives', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001672', 'descriptor_name': 'Biocompatible Materials', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001672', 'descriptor_name': 'Biocompatible Materials', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001672', 'descriptor_name': 'Biocompatible Materials', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001672', 'descriptor_name': 'Biocompatible Materials', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D035843', 'descriptor_name': 'Biomedical Research', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D055598', 'descriptor_name': 'Chemical Phenomena', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D048271', 'descriptor_name': 'Chitosan', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D048271', 'descriptor_name': 'Chitosan', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D048271', 'descriptor_name': 'Chitosan', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D048271', 'descriptor_name': 'Chitosan', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D055772', 'descriptor_name': 'Green Chemistry Technology', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.07.076', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S64311837', 'display_name': 'Carbohydrate Polymers', 'issn_l': '0144-8617', 'issn': ['0144-8617', '1879-1344'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23044156', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6', 'display_name': 'Clean water and sanitation', 'score': 0.43}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 167, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1586749181', 'https://openalex.org/W1963970451', 'https://openalex.org/W1966728482', 'https://openalex.org/W1967080007', 'https://openalex.org/W1967268568', 'https://openalex.org/W1967344662', 'https://openalex.org/W1967708372', 'https://openalex.org/W1969584613', 'https://openalex.org/W1970400166', 'https://openalex.org/W1971964281', 'https://openalex.org/W1973507091', 'https://openalex.org/W1973638936', 'https://openalex.org/W1974087189', 'https://openalex.org/W1975677338', 'https://openalex.org/W1975701528', 'https://openalex.org/W1976499834', 'https://openalex.org/W1976561294', 'https://openalex.org/W1976912318', 'https://openalex.org/W1977644340', 'https://openalex.org/W1978220932', 'https://openalex.org/W1978474927', 'https://openalex.org/W1979731293', 'https://openalex.org/W1980326094', 'https://openalex.org/W1980403413', 'https://openalex.org/W1980500755', 'https://openalex.org/W1980629206', 'https://openalex.org/W1980790347', 'https://openalex.org/W1983811838', 'https://openalex.org/W1984706219', 'https://openalex.org/W1985888933', 'https://openalex.org/W1986309324', 'https://openalex.org/W1986987749', 'https://openalex.org/W1987017096', 'https://openalex.org/W1987126605', 'https://openalex.org/W1990022525', 'https://openalex.org/W1990844823', 'https://openalex.org/W1991514282', 'https://openalex.org/W1991626120', 'https://openalex.org/W1991724311', 'https://openalex.org/W1992940972', 'https://openalex.org/W1993821805', 'https://openalex.org/W1996153731', 'https://openalex.org/W1996571352', 'https://openalex.org/W1996898122', 'https://openalex.org/W1997887279', 'https://openalex.org/W1999483340', 'https://openalex.org/W1999914932', 'https://openalex.org/W2000970639', 'https://openalex.org/W2001994534', 'https://openalex.org/W2004574648', 'https://openalex.org/W2004755519', 'https://openalex.org/W2005168189', 'https://openalex.org/W2005590938', 'https://openalex.org/W2007380072', 'https://openalex.org/W2007814682', 'https://openalex.org/W2012262300', 'https://openalex.org/W2012617086', 'https://openalex.org/W2014011572', 'https://openalex.org/W2014322021', 'https://openalex.org/W2016601459', 'https://openalex.org/W2018060010', 'https://openalex.org/W2019399709', 'https://openalex.org/W2019815115', 'https://openalex.org/W2019858202', 'https://openalex.org/W2021098928', 'https://openalex.org/W2023318554', 'https://openalex.org/W2024369864', 'https://openalex.org/W2026303260', 'https://openalex.org/W2027927183', 'https://openalex.org/W2028716442', 'https://openalex.org/W2028763845', 'https://openalex.org/W2028889109', 'https://openalex.org/W2029405525', 'https://openalex.org/W2029453513', 'https://openalex.org/W2030521361', 'https://openalex.org/W2031679133', 'https://openalex.org/W2032281204', 'https://openalex.org/W2032465069', 'https://openalex.org/W2032805187', 'https://openalex.org/W2034471151', 'https://openalex.org/W2034789031', 'https://openalex.org/W2035546940', 'https://openalex.org/W2035554303', 'https://openalex.org/W2036381285', 'https://openalex.org/W2036938540', 'https://openalex.org/W2037070758', 'https://openalex.org/W2038196167', 'https://openalex.org/W2039332139', 'https://openalex.org/W2039716629', 'https://openalex.org/W2039739512', 'https://openalex.org/W2039806311', 'https://openalex.org/W2039861851', 'https://openalex.org/W2041309740', 'https://openalex.org/W2042687513', 'https://openalex.org/W2042777522', 'https://openalex.org/W2044634950', 'https://openalex.org/W2046904181', 'https://openalex.org/W2047512459', 'https://openalex.org/W2048455140', 'https://openalex.org/W2050073681', 'https://openalex.org/W2051869807', 'https://openalex.org/W2053022111', 'https://openalex.org/W2053270805', 'https://openalex.org/W2053299040', 'https://openalex.org/W2055206871', 'https://openalex.org/W2055813788', 'https://openalex.org/W2059082517', 'https://openalex.org/W2060057776', 'https://openalex.org/W2061940073', 'https://openalex.org/W2062101647', 'https://openalex.org/W2063080755', 'https://openalex.org/W2064599227', 'https://openalex.org/W2065921159', 'https://openalex.org/W2068582358', 'https://openalex.org/W2069595249', 'https://openalex.org/W2070007721', 'https://openalex.org/W2070759156', 'https://openalex.org/W2074286937', 'https://openalex.org/W2076579487', 'https://openalex.org/W2076739690', 'https://openalex.org/W2078227458', 'https://openalex.org/W2078939029', 'https://openalex.org/W2078957198', 'https://openalex.org/W2080840347', 'https://openalex.org/W2081459547', 'https://openalex.org/W2082054284', 'https://openalex.org/W2082748042', 'https://openalex.org/W2083224232', 'https://openalex.org/W2084101393', 'https://openalex.org/W2084893355', 'https://openalex.org/W2086221226', 'https://openalex.org/W2087421919', 'https://openalex.org/W2088418013', 'https://openalex.org/W2090348075', 'https://openalex.org/W2092506685', 'https://openalex.org/W2092651729', 'https://openalex.org/W2094033912', 'https://openalex.org/W2095253979', 'https://openalex.org/W2095265579', 'https://openalex.org/W2099958494', 'https://openalex.org/W2102799173', 'https://openalex.org/W2109289071', 'https://openalex.org/W2115102719', 'https://openalex.org/W2116906354', 'https://openalex.org/W2119310711', 'https://openalex.org/W2121970007', 'https://openalex.org/W2123249841', 'https://openalex.org/W2123657247', 'https://openalex.org/W2125364971', 'https://openalex.org/W2132257448', 'https://openalex.org/W2137952094', 'https://openalex.org/W2143838427', 'https://openalex.org/W2143912820', 'https://openalex.org/W2149470780', 'https://openalex.org/W2156301405', 'https://openalex.org/W2156878461', 'https://openalex.org/W2167844494', 'https://openalex.org/W2182638518', 'https://openalex.org/W2206792540', 'https://openalex.org/W2315351015', 'https://openalex.org/W2325742906', 'https://openalex.org/W2331793713', 'https://openalex.org/W2333799339', 'https://openalex.org/W2412285627', 'https://openalex.org/W2462533708', 'https://openalex.org/W3140730948', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W962565487', 'https://openalex.org/W3029738095', 'https://openalex.org/W2995455552', 'https://openalex.org/W2979244232', 'https://openalex.org/W2588492877', 'https://openalex.org/W2561873657', 'https://openalex.org/W2417741819', 'https://openalex.org/W2417233458', 'https://openalex.org/W2096124711', 'https://openalex.org/W2093696724'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2025345565', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 29}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 35}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 20}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 35}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 32}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 28}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 23}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 27}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 27}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 19}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 21}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 11}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-15T16:00:58.721202', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}