Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2024752239', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(86)90391-3', 'title': 'Sigma model beta-functions and string compactifications', 'display_name': 'Sigma model beta-functions and string compactifications', 'publication_year': 1986, 'publication_date': '1986-04-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2024752239', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(86)90391-3', 'mag': '2024752239'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(86)90391-3', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210194812', 'display_name': 'Nuclear Physics B', 'issn_l': '0550-3213', 'issn': ['0550-3213', '1873-1562'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5068272078', 'display_name': 'C.M. Hull', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3642-4238'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I63966007', 'display_name': 'Massachusetts Institute of Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/042nb2s44', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I63966007']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'C.M. Hull', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Mathematics, MIT, Cambridge, Mass. 02139, USA∗∗Address from 1st September 1985: DAMTP, Silver Street, Cambridge CB3 9EW, UK.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Mathematics, MIT, Cambridge, Mass. 02139, USA∗∗Address from 1st September 1985: DAMTP, Silver Street, Cambridge CB3 9EW, UK.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I63966007']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5068272078'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I63966007'], 'apc_list': {'value': 0, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 0, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 8.744, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 95, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.929297, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 96, 'max': 97}, 'biblio': {'volume': '267', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '266', 'last_page': '276'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10025', 'display_name': 'Black Holes and Theoretical Physics', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3106', 'display_name': 'Nuclear and High Energy Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10025', 'display_name': 'Black Holes and Theoretical Physics', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3106', 'display_name': 'Nuclear and High Energy Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11415', 'display_name': 'Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories', 'score': 0.9983, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3109', 'display_name': 'Statistical and Nonlinear Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10095', 'display_name': 'Cosmology and Gravitation Theories', 'score': 0.9963, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3103', 'display_name': 'Astronomy and Astrophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/holonomy', 'display_name': 'Holonomy', 'score': 0.90314883}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/sigma-model', 'display_name': 'Sigma model', 'score': 0.6302619}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/sigma', 'display_name': 'Sigma', 'score': 0.54414475}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/spin-connection', 'display_name': 'Spin connection', 'score': 0.52571434}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/special-unitary-group', 'display_name': 'Special unitary group', 'score': 0.5035524}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/manifold', 'display_name': 'Manifold (fluid mechanics)', 'score': 0.42884296}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C32518243', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907926', 'display_name': 'Holonomy', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.90314883}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C77461463', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7827201', 'display_name': 'Torsion (gastropod)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7289234}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781313195', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512415', 'display_name': 'Sigma model', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6302619}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5664725}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778049214', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512234', 'display_name': 'Sigma', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.54414475}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779728059', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3687052', 'display_name': 'Spin connection', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.52571434}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202444582', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863', 'display_name': 'Pure mathematics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.511713}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C32955637', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q684363', 'display_name': 'Special unitary group', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5035524}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C37914503', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495', 'display_name': 'Mathematical physics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.49096492}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C13355873', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920850', 'display_name': 'Connection (principal bundle)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4614296}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.43237653}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C529865628', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790740', 'display_name': 'Manifold (fluid mechanics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42884296}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C181830111', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214850', 'display_name': 'Gauge theory', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.29763162}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2524010', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087', 'display_name': 'Geometry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.22221386}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.111985594}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C78519656', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333', 'display_name': 'Mechanical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C141071460', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821', 'display_name': 'Surgery', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C158622935', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848', 'display_name': 'Nonlinear system', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(86)90391-3', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210194812', 'display_name': 'Nuclear Physics B', 'issn_l': '0550-3213', 'issn': ['0550-3213', '1873-1562'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.44, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11', 'display_name': 'Sustainable cities and communities'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 21, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1494329156', 'https://openalex.org/W1560145191', 'https://openalex.org/W1612099944', 'https://openalex.org/W1973565526', 'https://openalex.org/W1988539758', 'https://openalex.org/W1997169620', 'https://openalex.org/W2009455506', 'https://openalex.org/W2017658873', 'https://openalex.org/W2028040194', 'https://openalex.org/W2047612186', 'https://openalex.org/W2048066225', 'https://openalex.org/W2057612464', 'https://openalex.org/W2063431170', 'https://openalex.org/W2080531365', 'https://openalex.org/W2081400712', 'https://openalex.org/W2088438597', 'https://openalex.org/W2089701021', 'https://openalex.org/W2094986481', 'https://openalex.org/W2133881971', 'https://openalex.org/W2576522038', 'https://openalex.org/W4210979103'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4309849225', 'https://openalex.org/W4289785224', 'https://openalex.org/W392927259', 'https://openalex.org/W3105701005', 'https://openalex.org/W2963327858', 'https://openalex.org/W2098028771', 'https://openalex.org/W2039803517', 'https://openalex.org/W1980264098', 'https://openalex.org/W1852529871', 'https://openalex.org/W1774910058'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2024752239', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 3}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-17T08:05:20.860617', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}