Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2024341368', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2605.2001.00256.x', 'title': 'Human leucocyte antigen I expression in spermatozoa from infertile men', 'display_name': 'Human leucocyte antigen I expression in spermatozoa from infertile men', 'publication_year': 2001, 'publication_date': '2001-02-28', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2024341368', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2605.2001.00256.x', 'mag': '2024341368', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11168645'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2605.2001.00256.x', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1046/j.1365-2605.2001.00256.x', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S90729755', 'display_name': 'Andrology', 'issn_l': '2047-2919', 'issn': ['2047-2919', '2047-2927'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1046/j.1365-2605.2001.00256.x', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5103241216', 'display_name': 'Roberto Paradisi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0659-452X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I9360294', 'display_name': 'University of Bologna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01111rn36', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I9360294']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Roberto Paradisi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, S.Orsola Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, S.Orsola Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I9360294']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5083960916', 'display_name': 'Simona Neri', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3257-6293'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I9360294', 'display_name': 'University of Bologna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01111rn36', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I9360294']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Simona Neri', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Experimental Pathology, S.Orsola Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Experimental Pathology, S.Orsola Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I9360294']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5009095647', 'display_name': 'Annalisa Pession', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9035-9698'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I9360294', 'display_name': 'University of Bologna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01111rn36', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I9360294']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Annalisa Pession', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Experimental Pathology, S.Orsola Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Experimental Pathology, S.Orsola Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I9360294']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5017416242', 'display_name': 'Giovanna Finocchiaro', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6663-1989'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I9360294', 'display_name': 'University of Bologna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01111rn36', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I9360294']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Elisabetta Magrini', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pediatrics, S.Orsola Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pediatrics, S.Orsola Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I9360294']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5008282309', 'display_name': 'Emanuela Bellavia', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I9360294', 'display_name': 'University of Bologna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01111rn36', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I9360294']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Emanuela Bellavia', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, S.Orsola Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, S.Orsola Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I9360294']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5013966623', 'display_name': 'Stefania Ceccardi', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I9360294', 'display_name': 'University of Bologna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01111rn36', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I9360294']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Stefania Ceccardi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, S.Orsola Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, S.Orsola Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I9360294']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5048126801', 'display_name': 'Stefano Venturoli', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I9360294', 'display_name': 'University of Bologna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01111rn36', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I9360294']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Stefano Venturoli', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, S.Orsola Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, S.Orsola Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I9360294']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5075771427', 'display_name': 'C Flamigni', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I9360294', 'display_name': 'University of Bologna', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01111rn36', 'country_code': 'IT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I9360294']}], 'countries': ['IT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Carlo Flamigni', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, S.Orsola Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, S.Orsola Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I9360294']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.111, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 6, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.465414, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 75, 'max': 77}, 'biblio': {'volume': '24', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '8', 'last_page': '14'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11510', 'display_name': 'Immunological Mechanisms in Pregnancy and Fetal-Maternal Interface', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2403', 'display_name': 'Immunology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/24', 'display_name': 'Immunology and Microbiology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11510', 'display_name': 'Immunological Mechanisms in Pregnancy and Fetal-Maternal Interface', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2403', 'display_name': 'Immunology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/24', 'display_name': 'Immunology and Microbiology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10116', 'display_name': 'Male Reproductive Health', 'score': 0.9995, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2743', 'display_name': 'Reproductive Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10364', 'display_name': 'Fertility Preservation in Cancer Patients', 'score': 0.9962, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2739', 'display_name': 'Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/spermatozoon', 'display_name': 'Spermatozoon', 'score': 0.60061324}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/semen-analysis', 'display_name': 'Semen Analysis', 'score': 0.514256}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C16685009', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335057', 'display_name': 'Andrology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.7715094}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C147483822', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537', 'display_name': 'Antigen', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.68612117}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C188280979', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911125', 'display_name': 'Human leukocyte antigen', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.67383987}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6353208}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C553184892', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141429', 'display_name': 'Flow cytometry', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6158728}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776632385', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q74560', 'display_name': 'Spermatozoon', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.60061324}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781087480', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17145', 'display_name': 'Sperm', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.59377146}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2908647359', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603', 'display_name': 'Population', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.50153184}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777688143', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179399', 'display_name': 'Infertility', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4800935}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778093475', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9715', 'display_name': 'Semen', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47635058}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C4692481', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169526', 'display_name': 'Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.4280753}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777338322', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q280156', 'display_name': 'Male infertility', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.41398144}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203014093', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929', 'display_name': 'Immunology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3519316}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.24627551}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.20666724}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C150194340', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972', 'display_name': 'Gene expression', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.17601407}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.13406575}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C99454951', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068', 'display_name': 'Environmental health', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779234561', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995', 'display_name': 'Pregnancy', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D015395', 'descriptor_name': 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class I', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000096', 'qualifier_name': 'biosynthesis', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007248', 'descriptor_name': 'Infertility, Male', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013094', 'descriptor_name': 'Spermatozoa', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015395', 'descriptor_name': 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class I', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007248', 'descriptor_name': 'Infertility, Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016133', 'descriptor_name': 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013094', 'descriptor_name': 'Spermatozoa', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2605.2001.00256.x', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1046/j.1365-2605.2001.00256.x', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S90729755', 'display_name': 'Andrology', 'issn_l': '2047-2919', 'issn': ['2047-2919', '2047-2927'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11168645', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2605.2001.00256.x', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1046/j.1365-2605.2001.00256.x', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S90729755', 'display_name': 'Andrology', 'issn_l': '2047-2919', 'issn': ['2047-2919', '2047-2927'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 25, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1484112100', 'https://openalex.org/W1585252652', 'https://openalex.org/W1920665604', 'https://openalex.org/W1921030136', 'https://openalex.org/W1969241498', 'https://openalex.org/W2011050201', 'https://openalex.org/W2032975856', 'https://openalex.org/W2050452864', 'https://openalex.org/W2064218141', 'https://openalex.org/W2069858176', 'https://openalex.org/W2072523463', 'https://openalex.org/W2076246553', 'https://openalex.org/W2087923576', 'https://openalex.org/W2090896055', 'https://openalex.org/W2109832361', 'https://openalex.org/W2121535224', 'https://openalex.org/W2126698039', 'https://openalex.org/W2144959682', 'https://openalex.org/W2146055254', 'https://openalex.org/W2147850920', 'https://openalex.org/W2154414816', 'https://openalex.org/W2167490432', 'https://openalex.org/W2182535436', 'https://openalex.org/W2395106484', 'https://openalex.org/W2415422711'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4224290268', 'https://openalex.org/W2754057540', 'https://openalex.org/W2590394327', 'https://openalex.org/W2522120634', 'https://openalex.org/W2355646074', 'https://openalex.org/W2107347104', 'https://openalex.org/W2066490180', 'https://openalex.org/W2020483717', 'https://openalex.org/W1994255822', 'https://openalex.org/W1968861058'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0], 'expression': [1, 136], 'of': [2, 69, 76, 96, 103, 127, 132], 'class': [3, 97, 133], 'I': [4, 63, 98, 134], 'human': [5, 23], 'leucocyte': [6], 'antigen': [7], '(HLA)': [8], 'has': [9, 38], 'been': [10, 39, 113], 'investigated': [11], 'by': [12], 'reverse': [13], 'transcription': [14], 'polymerase': [15], 'chain': [16], 'reaction': [17], '(RT‐PCR)': [18], 'and': [19, 44, 74, 118], 'flow': [20], 'cytometry': [21], 'on': [22, 101, 137], 'purified': [24], 'ejaculated': [25], 'spermatozoa': [26, 102], 'from': [27], 'an': [28], 'infertile': [29, 46, 78, 104, 119], 'population.': [30], 'Similar': [31], 'investigation': [32], 'in': [33, 67, 115], 'a': [34], 'control': [35], 'fertile': [36, 43, 71, 117], 'population': [37], 'performed.': [40], 'Among': [41], '22': [42], '20': [45], 'men,': [47], '17': [48], 'were': [49, 65], 'selected': [50], 'for': [51, 90], 'the': [52, 91, 94, 121, 124, 128], 'study': [53], 'because': [54], 'they': [55], 'showed': [56], 'no': [57, 82], 'contamination': [58], 'with': [59, 81], 'non‐sperm': [60], 'cells.': [61], 'HLA': [62, 99], 'molecules': [64], 'expressed': [66], 'four': [68], 'nine': [70], 'subjects': [72, 79], '(44.4%)': [73], 'three': [75], 'eight': [77], '(37.5%),': [80], 'significant': [83], 'difference': [84], 'between': [85], 'groups.': [86], 'These': [87], 'data': [88], 'demonstrate': [89], 'first': [92], 'time': [93], 'presence': [95], 'antigens': [100], 'subjects.': [105], 'In': [106], 'addition,': [107], 'considering': [108], 'that': [109, 123], 'similar': [110], 'results': [111], 'have': [112], 'obtained': [114], 'both': [116], 'populations,': [120], 'hypothesis': [122], 'fertilizing': [125], 'capacity': [126], 'spermatozoon': [129], 'is': [130], 'independent': [131], 'HLA‐antigen': [135], 'their': [138], 'surface': [139], 'may': [140], 'be': [141], 'advanced.': [142]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2024341368', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-13T12:02:41.087618', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}