Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2021759214', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1172/jci118699', 'title': 'P-glycoprotein in the blood-brain barrier of mice influences the brain penetration and pharmacological activity of many drugs.', 'display_name': 'P-glycoprotein in the blood-brain barrier of mice influences the brain penetration and pharmacological activity of many drugs.', 'publication_year': 1996, 'publication_date': '1996-06-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2021759214', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1172/jci118699', 'mag': '2021759214', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8647944', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/507337'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1172/jci118699', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S114430552', 'display_name': 'Journal of Clinical Investigation', 'issn_l': '0021-9738', 'issn': ['0021-9738', '1558-8238'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320279', 'host_organization_name': 'American Society for Clinical Investigation', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320279'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Society for Clinical Investigation'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1172/jci118699', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5045217576', 'display_name': 'Alfred H. Schinkel', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4215-8602'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210111138', 'display_name': 'Oncode Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01n92vv28', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210111138']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2898336195', 'display_name': 'The Netherlands Cancer Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03xqtf034', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2898336195']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'A H Schinkel', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Molecular Biology, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Molecular Biology, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210111138', 'https://openalex.org/I2898336195']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5050563360', 'display_name': 'Els Wagenaar', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210111138', 'display_name': 'Oncode Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01n92vv28', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210111138']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2898336195', 'display_name': 'The Netherlands Cancer Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03xqtf034', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2898336195']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'E Wagenaar', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Molecular Biology, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Molecular Biology, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210111138', 'https://openalex.org/I2898336195']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5020721312', 'display_name': 'Carla A.A.M. Mol', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210111138', 'display_name': 'Oncode Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01n92vv28', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210111138']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2898336195', 'display_name': 'The Netherlands Cancer Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03xqtf034', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2898336195']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'C A Mol', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Molecular Biology, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Molecular Biology, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210111138', 'https://openalex.org/I2898336195']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5042002328', 'display_name': 'Liesbeth van Deemter', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210111138', 'display_name': 'Oncode Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01n92vv28', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210111138']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2898336195', 'display_name': 'The Netherlands Cancer Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03xqtf034', 'country_code': 'NL', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2898336195']}], 'countries': ['NL'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'L van Deemter', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Molecular Biology, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Molecular Biology, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210111138', 'https://openalex.org/I2898336195']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 5200, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 5200, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 12.531, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 1268, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.97711, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '97', 'issue': '11', 'first_page': '2517', 'last_page': '2524'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10570', 'display_name': 'Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2730', 'display_name': 'Oncology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10570', 'display_name': 'Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2730', 'display_name': 'Oncology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12229', 'display_name': 'Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2735', 'display_name': 'Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10094', 'display_name': 'Epilepsy research and treatment', 'score': 0.9931, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2738', 'display_name': 'Psychiatry and Mental health'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/loperamide', 'display_name': 'Loperamide', 'score': 0.8164638}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/p-glycoprotein', 'display_name': 'P-glycoprotein', 'score': 0.73755544}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/domperidone', 'display_name': 'Domperidone', 'score': 0.49200913}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/therapeutic-index', 'display_name': 'Therapeutic index', 'score': 0.4152853}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777573665', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423751', 'display_name': 'Loperamide', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8164638}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98274493', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.806646}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778707650', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412902', 'display_name': 'P-glycoprotein', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.73755544}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778402981', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221694', 'display_name': 'Blood–brain barrier', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6431713}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C529278444', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273', 'display_name': 'Central nervous system', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5060765}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2775995038', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424238', 'display_name': 'Domperidone', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.49200913}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C19831878', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659446', 'display_name': 'Therapeutic index', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4152853}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.41096172}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780035454', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386', 'display_name': 'Drug', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.39353615}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.37784642}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.17837822}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C513476851', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304', 'display_name': 'Dopamine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.1310156}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C133936738', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q643839', 'display_name': 'Multiple drug resistance', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.116419345}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.07939091}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779802037', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40878', 'display_name': 'Diarrhea', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C501593827', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187', 'display_name': 'Antibiotics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D020168', 'descriptor_name': 'ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001812', 'descriptor_name': 'Blood-Brain Barrier', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001921', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020168', 'descriptor_name': 'ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020168', 'descriptor_name': 'ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000097', 'qualifier_name': 'blood', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001692', 'descriptor_name': 'Biological Transport', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001921', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001921', 'descriptor_name': 'Brain', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002460', 'descriptor_name': 'Cell Line', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003024', 'descriptor_name': 'Clozapine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003024', 'descriptor_name': 'Clozapine', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000493', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacokinetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004058', 'descriptor_name': 'Diffusion', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004294', 'descriptor_name': 'Domperidone', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004294', 'descriptor_name': 'Domperidone', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004294', 'descriptor_name': 'Domperidone', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000493', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacokinetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004848', 'descriptor_name': 'Epithelium', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004848', 'descriptor_name': 'Epithelium', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005445', 'descriptor_name': 'Flunitrazepam', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000493', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacokinetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005445', 'descriptor_name': 'Flunitrazepam', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006220', 'descriptor_name': 'Haloperidol', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006220', 'descriptor_name': 'Haloperidol', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000493', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacokinetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007668', 'descriptor_name': 'Kidney', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007700', 'descriptor_name': 'Kinetics', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008139', 'descriptor_name': 'Loperamide', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008139', 'descriptor_name': 'Loperamide', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000493', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacokinetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051379', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008815', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017294', 'descriptor_name': 'Ondansetron', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D017294', 'descriptor_name': 'Ondansetron', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000493', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacokinetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010672', 'descriptor_name': 'Phenytoin', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010672', 'descriptor_name': 'Phenytoin', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000493', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacokinetics', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011994', 'descriptor_name': 'Recombinant Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011994', 'descriptor_name': 'Recombinant Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013329', 'descriptor_name': 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013552', 'descriptor_name': 'Swine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014018', 'descriptor_name': 'Tissue Distribution', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014162', 'descriptor_name': 'Transfection', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 4, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1172/jci118699', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S114430552', 'display_name': 'Journal of Clinical Investigation', 'issn_l': '0021-9738', 'issn': ['0021-9738', '1558-8238'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320279', 'host_organization_name': 'American Society for Clinical Investigation', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320279'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Society for Clinical Investigation'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc507337', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc507337?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC507337', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8647944', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1172/jci118699', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S114430552', 'display_name': 'Journal of Clinical Investigation', 'issn_l': '0021-9738', 'issn': ['0021-9738', '1558-8238'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320279', 'host_organization_name': 'American Society for Clinical Investigation', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320279'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Society for Clinical Investigation'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'score': 0.78, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 37, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1526872663', 'https://openalex.org/W1547342210', 'https://openalex.org/W1567907251', 'https://openalex.org/W1583339960', 'https://openalex.org/W1599886286', 'https://openalex.org/W1626582486', 'https://openalex.org/W1754065147', 'https://openalex.org/W1858200607', 'https://openalex.org/W1923579966', 'https://openalex.org/W1939507303', 'https://openalex.org/W1964470226', 'https://openalex.org/W1965150214', 'https://openalex.org/W1965633911', 'https://openalex.org/W2013280216', 'https://openalex.org/W2013540958', 'https://openalex.org/W2027127607', 'https://openalex.org/W2028533496', 'https://openalex.org/W2030950703', 'https://openalex.org/W2034999905', 'https://openalex.org/W2039309843', 'https://openalex.org/W2058825253', 'https://openalex.org/W2061928059', 'https://openalex.org/W2064997097', 'https://openalex.org/W2078877172', 'https://openalex.org/W2097878215', 'https://openalex.org/W2112001901', 'https://openalex.org/W2118234018', 'https://openalex.org/W2136564762', 'https://openalex.org/W2146109103', 'https://openalex.org/W2153712534', 'https://openalex.org/W2401052533', 'https://openalex.org/W2471775664', 'https://openalex.org/W4231297712', 'https://openalex.org/W4240351028', 'https://openalex.org/W4253474173', 'https://openalex.org/W4254663210', 'https://openalex.org/W4300718923'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2399682742', 'https://openalex.org/W2151990858', 'https://openalex.org/W2151821061', 'https://openalex.org/W2141236507', 'https://openalex.org/W2090871024', 'https://openalex.org/W2059258493', 'https://openalex.org/W2058440606', 'https://openalex.org/W2046826638', 'https://openalex.org/W2031291688', 'https://openalex.org/W1883303029'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0], 'mouse': [1, 52], 'mdr1a': [2, 17, 53, 106, 133, 136], '(also': [3], 'called': [4], 'mdr3)': [5], 'P-GP': [6, 54], 'is': [7, 61, 99], 'abundant': [8], 'in': [9, 16, 34, 105, 127, 163, 175], 'the': [10, 26, 35, 41, 51, 69, 87, 128, 154, 158, 164, 176], 'blood-brain': [11], 'barrier,': [12], 'and': [13, 31, 45, 55, 68, 73, 94, 102], 'its': [14, 56], 'absence': [15], '(-/-)': [18, 107, 134, 137], 'mice': [19, 138], 'leads': [20], 'to': [21, 143, 153], 'highly': [22], 'increased': [23, 100, 141], 'levels': [24], 'of': [25, 91, 132, 147, 167], 'drugs': [27, 42, 70], 'ivermectin,': [28], 'vinblastine,': [29], 'digoxin,': [30], 'cyclosporin': [32], 'A': [33, 109], 'brain.': [36], 'We': [37], 'show': [38], 'here': [39], 'that': [40, 86, 117, 157], 'loperamide,': [43], 'domperidone,': [44], 'ondansetron': [46, 93], 'are': [47, 75], 'transported': [48, 76], 'substrates': [49], 'for': [50, 66], 'human': [57], 'homologue': [58], 'MDR1.': [59], 'Phenytoin': [60], 'a': [62], 'relatively': [63], 'weaker': [64], 'substrate': [65], 'each,': [67], 'haloperidol,': [71], 'clozapine,': [72], 'flunitrazepam': [74], 'hardly': [77], 'or': [78], 'not': [79], 'at': [80], 'all.': [81], 'Tissue': [82], 'distribution': [83], 'studies': [84], 'demonstrated': [85], 'relative': [88], 'brain': [89], 'penetration': [90], 'radiolabeled': [92], 'loperamide': [95, 115], '(and': [96], 'their': [97], 'metabolites)': [98], 'four-': [101], 'sevenfold,': [103], 'respectively,': [104], 'mice.': [108, 135], 'pilot': [110], 'toxicity': [111], 'study': [112], 'with': [113, 172], 'oral': [114, 148], 'showed': [116, 140], 'this': [118], 'peripherally': [119], 'acting': [120], 'antidiarrheal': [121], 'agent': [122], 'gains': [123], 'potent': [124], 'opiatelike': [125], 'activity': [126], 'central': [129, 177], 'nervous': [130, 178], 'system': [131], 'also': [139], 'sensitivity': [142], 'neurolepticlike': [144], 'side': [145], 'effects': [146], 'domperidone.': [149], 'These': [150], 'results': [151], 'point': [152], 'possible': [155], 'role': [156], 'drug-transporting': [159], 'P-GP(s)': [160], 'may': [161], 'play': [162], 'clinical': [165], 'use': [166], 'many': [168], 'drugs,': [169], 'especially': [170], 'those': [171], 'potential': [173], 'targets': [174], 'system.': [179]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2021759214', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 32}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 20}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 23}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 24}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 34}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 31}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 29}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 52}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 42}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 58}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 51}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-13T18:30:08.253736', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}