Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2021621252', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scico.2014.01.012', 'title': 'On the relation between context-free grammars and parsing expression grammars', 'display_name': 'On the relation between context-free grammars and parsing expression grammars', 'publication_year': 2014, 'publication_date': '2014-01-31', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2021621252', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scico.2014.01.012', 'mag': '2021621252'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scico.2014.01.012', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S21029587', 'display_name': 'Science of Computer Programming', 'issn_l': '0167-6423', 'issn': ['0167-6423', '1872-7964'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'publisher-specific-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['arxiv', 'crossref', 'datacite'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scico.2014.01.012', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5091446079', 'display_name': 'Fabio Mascarenhas', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2970-7160'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I122140584', 'display_name': 'Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03490as77', 'country_code': 'BR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I122140584']}], 'countries': ['BR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Fabio Mascarenhas', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['[Dept. of Computer Science, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil]'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': '[Dept. of Computer Science, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil]', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I122140584']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5057209426', 'display_name': 'Sérgio Queiroz de Medeiros', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0759-0926'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I35046152', 'display_name': 'Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/04wn09761', 'country_code': 'BR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I35046152']}], 'countries': ['BR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Sérgio Medeiros', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of Science and Technology, UFRN, Natal, Brazil'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of Science and Technology, UFRN, Natal, Brazil', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I35046152']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5059175907', 'display_name': 'Roberto Ierusalimschy', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2263-4955'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I2699952', 'display_name': 'Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01dg47b60', 'country_code': 'BR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I2699952']}], 'countries': ['BR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Roberto Ierusalimschy', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Computer Science, PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil#TAB#'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Computer Science, PUC-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil#TAB#', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I2699952']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 2460, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2460, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 2.974, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 22, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.962481, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 91, 'max': 92}, 'biblio': {'volume': '89', 'issue': None, 'first_page': '235', 'last_page': '250'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10181', 'display_name': 'Natural Language Processing Techniques', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10181', 'display_name': 'Natural Language Processing Techniques', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12029', 'display_name': 'DNA and Biological Computing', 'score': 0.9974, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11567', 'display_name': 'semigroups and automata theory', 'score': 0.999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1703', 'display_name': 'Computational Theory and Mathematics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/s-attributed-grammar', 'display_name': 'S-attributed grammar', 'score': 0.64600515}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/formalism', 'display_name': 'Formalism (music)', 'score': 0.5748649}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/deterministic-context-free-grammar', 'display_name': 'Deterministic context-free grammar', 'score': 0.56853795}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing-expression-grammar', 'display_name': 'Parsing expression grammar', 'score': 0.5407363}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/indexed-grammar', 'display_name': 'Indexed grammar', 'score': 0.5106929}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C67621940', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3113340', 'display_name': 'L-attributed grammar', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.8374404}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C171018156', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7370306', 'display_name': 'Rotation formalisms in three dimensions', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7947637}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.72939503}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C53893814', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7378909', 'display_name': 'Rule-based machine translation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.72256565}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134083981', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754022', 'display_name': 'Tree-adjoining grammar', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.6868892}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C147547768', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3113342', 'display_name': 'S-attributed grammar', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.64600515}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C186644900', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152', 'display_name': 'Parsing', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6433739}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143', 'display_name': 'Programming language', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5983285}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C125950753', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908674', 'display_name': 'Context-sensitive grammar', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5845132}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C73301696', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5469984', 'display_name': 'Formalism (music)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5748649}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C177638518', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3435975', 'display_name': 'Deterministic context-free grammar', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.56853795}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C146810361', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32271', 'display_name': 'Parsing expression grammar', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.5407363}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C29184939', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134367', 'display_name': 'Phrase structure grammar', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.52065176}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C79243999', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6590011', 'display_name': 'Indexed grammar', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.5106929}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C97212296', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338047', 'display_name': 'Context-free grammar', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.50246215}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C204321447', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642', 'display_name': 'Natural language processing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4034071}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37591004}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.21793133}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2524010', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087', 'display_name': 'Geometry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142362112', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735', 'display_name': 'Art', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C558565934', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2743', 'display_name': 'Musical', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153349607', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649', 'display_name': 'Visual arts', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 4, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scico.2014.01.012', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S21029587', 'display_name': 'Science of Computer Programming', 'issn_l': '0167-6423', 'issn': ['0167-6423', '1872-7964'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'publisher-specific-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1304.3177', 'pdf_url': 'https://arxiv.org/pdf/1304.3177', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': None, 'pdf_url': 'http://arxiv.org/pdf/1304.3177.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://api.datacite.org/dois/10.48550/arxiv.1304.3177', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4393179698', 'display_name': 'DataCite API', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I4210145204', 'host_organization_name': 'DataCite', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210145204'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['DataCite'], 'type': 'metadata'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scico.2014.01.012', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S21029587', 'display_name': 'Science of Computer Programming', 'issn_l': '0167-6423', 'issn': ['0167-6423', '1872-7964'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'publisher-specific-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.76, 'display_name': 'Quality education', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': ['https://openalex.org/W2021621252'], 'referenced_works_count': 34, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W128638292', 'https://openalex.org/W1489393579', 'https://openalex.org/W1510049624', 'https://openalex.org/W1531646285', 'https://openalex.org/W1554219406', 'https://openalex.org/W1562942180', 'https://openalex.org/W1588450363', 'https://openalex.org/W1714036158', 'https://openalex.org/W1768003599', 'https://openalex.org/W1861635221', 'https://openalex.org/W1984577612', 'https://openalex.org/W1984742153', 'https://openalex.org/W1985025308', 'https://openalex.org/W1992491745', 'https://openalex.org/W2002089154', 'https://openalex.org/W2003241571', 'https://openalex.org/W2009706943', 'https://openalex.org/W2018045485', 'https://openalex.org/W2018951244', 'https://openalex.org/W2028512561', 'https://openalex.org/W2064490449', 'https://openalex.org/W2072750798', 'https://openalex.org/W2085170922', 'https://openalex.org/W2100948808', 'https://openalex.org/W2165598907', 'https://openalex.org/W2293894918', 'https://openalex.org/W2478950879', 'https://openalex.org/W2911492264', 'https://openalex.org/W2912161238', 'https://openalex.org/W2912522058', 'https://openalex.org/W2914260883', 'https://openalex.org/W2915015694', 'https://openalex.org/W4234823124', 'https://openalex.org/W4302339081'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3088684418', 'https://openalex.org/W2540043677', 'https://openalex.org/W2161441814', 'https://openalex.org/W2153803459', 'https://openalex.org/W2021621252', 'https://openalex.org/W1979054319', 'https://openalex.org/W1609763579', 'https://openalex.org/W1507356070', 'https://openalex.org/W1488942915', 'https://openalex.org/W123491535'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2021621252', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 3}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-09T14:54:10.433610', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}