Title: Plinian eruptions at Glacier Peak and Newberry volcanoes, United States: Implications for volcanic hazards in the Cascade Range
Abstract: Research Article| February 01, 1998 Plinian eruptions at Glacier Peak and Newberry volcanoes, United States: Implications for volcanic hazards in the Cascade Range James E. Gardner; James E. Gardner 1GEOMAR, Abteilung Vulkanologie und Petrologie, 1–3, Wischhofstrasse, 24148 Kiel, Germany Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Steven Carey; Steven Carey 2Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Haraldur Sigurdsson Haraldur Sigurdsson 2Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar GSA Bulletin (1998) 110 (2): 173–187. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1998)110<0173:PEAGPA>2.3.CO;2 Article history first online: 01 Jun 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation James E. Gardner, Steven Carey, Haraldur Sigurdsson; Plinian eruptions at Glacier Peak and Newberry volcanoes, United States: Implications for volcanic hazards in the Cascade Range. GSA Bulletin 1998;; 110 (2): 173–187. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1998)110<0173:PEAGPA>2.3.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGSA Bulletin Search Advanced Search Abstract Several fall deposits from Glacier Peak and Newberry volcanoes, both located in the Cascade Range, United States, have been studied to determine eruptive column heights, intensities, and volumes. The late Pleistocene eruptions of Glacier Peak ranged from small phreatic explosions to two Plinian eruptions that each erupted more than 1 km3 of magma at intensities >108 kg/s, generating plumes with heights >30 km. At Newberry volcano, the last Plinian eruption (ca. 1300 14C yr B.P.) had an intensity of 2.8 × 107 kg/s and a plume height of 18 to 21 km. About 0.1 km3 of magma was erupted in the Plinian phase, followed by eruption of a pyroclastic flow and an obsidian lava flow. Combined with similar data from Mount St. Helens, Mount Rainier, and Mount Mazama (Crater Lake), these eruptions define the range of Plinian events that have occurred in the Cascade volcanic arc in the past 12 k.y. During this period there have been Plinian eruptions with plume heights between 11 and 55 km, intensities between 106 and 109 kg/s, and volumes between 0.01 and >5 km3 of magma. All eruptions with intensities greater than or equal to 108 kg/s also produced large-volume pyroclastic flows and surges. Monitoring column height (intensity) during eruptions could help mitigate hazards because it may indicate pending generation of pyroclastic flows. In the Cascade Range, there have been at least 12 eruptions of >1 km3 of tephra in the past 12 k.y., suggesting that eruptions of such magnitude occur about once every 1 k.y., although such frequencies vary greatly at each volcano. The volume of magma erupted in each event correlates with both column height (intensity) and magma composition, suggesting that eruptions of these volcanoes relate to the accumulation rate of magma in their reservoirs. This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
Publication Year: 1998
Publication Date: 1998-02-01
Language: en
Type: article
Indexed In: ['crossref']
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Cited By Count: 38
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