Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2018790115', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00005792-198101000-00003', 'title': 'Cushingʼs Syndrome: Problems in Diagnosis', 'display_name': 'Cushingʼs Syndrome: Problems in Diagnosis', 'publication_year': 1981, 'publication_date': '1981-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2018790115', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00005792-198101000-00003', 'mag': '2018790115', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7453563'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00005792-198101000-00003', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S28966261', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'issn_l': '0025-7974', 'issn': ['0025-7974', '1536-5964'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547', 'host_organization_name': 'Wolters Kluwer', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00005792-198101000-00003', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5046757708', 'display_name': 'David C. Aron', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2837-0797'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'display_name': 'United States Department of Health and Human Services', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/033jnv181', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180670191', 'display_name': 'University of California, San Francisco', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/043mz5j54', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180670191']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'DAVID C. ARON', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['United States Department of Health and Human Services', 'University of California at San Francisco'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'United States Department of Health and Human Services', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of California at San Francisco', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I180670191']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5005607711', 'display_name': 'James Tyrrell', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180670191', 'display_name': 'University of California, San Francisco', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/043mz5j54', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180670191']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'J BLAKE TYRRELL', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['University of California at San Francisco', 'VA Medical Center'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of California at San Francisco', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I180670191']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'VA Medical Center', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5069656923', 'display_name': 'PAUL A. FITZGERALD', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180670191', 'display_name': 'University of California, San Francisco', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/043mz5j54', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180670191']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'display_name': 'United States Department of Health and Human Services', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/033jnv181', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'PAUL A. FITZGERALD', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['United States Department of Health and Human Services', 'University of California at San Francisco', 'VA Medical Center'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of California at San Francisco', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I180670191']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'United States Department of Health and Human Services', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'VA Medical Center', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5086644070', 'display_name': 'James W. Findling', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3101-5320'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180670191', 'display_name': 'University of California, San Francisco', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/043mz5j54', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180670191']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'display_name': 'United States Department of Health and Human Services', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/033jnv181', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'JAMES W. FINDLING', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['United States Department of Health and Human Services', 'University of California at San Francisco', 'VA Medical Center'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of California at San Francisco', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I180670191']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'United States Department of Health and Human Services', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'VA Medical Center', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5008195385', 'display_name': 'Peter H. Forsham', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180670191', 'display_name': 'University of California, San Francisco', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/043mz5j54', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180670191']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1299022934', 'display_name': 'United States Department of Health and Human Services', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/033jnv181', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'PETER H. FORSHAM', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['United States Department of Health and Human Services', 'University of California at San Francisco', 'VA Medical Center'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'University of California at San Francisco', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I180670191']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'United States Department of Health and Human Services', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1299022934']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'VA Medical Center', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 1950, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 1950, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 8.475, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 104, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.9598, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '60', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '25', 'last_page': '35'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10832', 'display_name': 'Diagnosis and Management of Pituitary Disorders', 'score': 0.9978, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2712', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10832', 'display_name': 'Diagnosis and Management of Pituitary Disorders', 'score': 0.9978, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2712', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12421', 'display_name': 'Diagnosis and Management of Adrenal Insufficiency', 'score': 0.9771, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2712', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/hirsutism', 'display_name': 'hirsutism', 'score': 0.76147926}, {'id': "https://openalex.org/keywords/cushing's-syndrome", 'display_name': "Cushing's Syndrome", 'score': 0.585502}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/depression', 'display_name': 'Depression (economics)', 'score': 0.43211114}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.9557003}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776371013', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620594', 'display_name': 'hirsutism', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.76147926}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780801072', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837512', 'display_name': 'Differential diagnosis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6513393}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779435821', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219102', 'display_name': 'Cushing syndrome', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5521273}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C555293320', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206', 'display_name': 'Diabetes mellitus', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47553587}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C187212893', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028', 'display_name': 'Pediatrics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.44289416}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776867660', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941', 'display_name': 'Depression (economics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43211114}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779134260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136', 'display_name': 'Disease', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41638663}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C177713679', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690', 'display_name': 'Intensive care medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3555876}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C3018442814', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500816', 'display_name': 'Polycystic ovary', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.31194267}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2953208}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134018914', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2587794}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142724271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208', 'display_name': 'Pathology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.19436812}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777391703', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053470', 'display_name': 'Insulin resistance', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.11179054}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C139719470', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680', 'display_name': 'Macroeconomics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D003480', 'descriptor_name': 'Cushing Syndrome', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000175', 'qualifier_name': 'diagnosis', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000182', 'descriptor_name': 'ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000182', 'descriptor_name': 'ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000175', 'qualifier_name': 'diagnosis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000236', 'descriptor_name': 'Adenoma', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000150', 'qualifier_name': 'complications', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000236', 'descriptor_name': 'Adenoma', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000304', 'descriptor_name': 'Adrenal Cortex Function Tests', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000308', 'descriptor_name': 'Adrenocortical Hyperfunction', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000175', 'qualifier_name': 'diagnosis', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000308', 'descriptor_name': 'Adrenocortical Hyperfunction', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000328', 'descriptor_name': 'Adult', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000437', 'descriptor_name': 'Alcoholism', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000150', 'qualifier_name': 'complications', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000437', 'descriptor_name': 'Alcoholism', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001714', 'descriptor_name': 'Bipolar Disorder', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001714', 'descriptor_name': 'Bipolar Disorder', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000209', 'qualifier_name': 'etiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003480', 'descriptor_name': 'Cushing Syndrome', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000209', 'qualifier_name': 'etiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003480', 'descriptor_name': 'Cushing Syndrome', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003907', 'descriptor_name': 'Dexamethasone', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003937', 'descriptor_name': 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004967', 'descriptor_name': 'Estrogens', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004967', 'descriptor_name': 'Estrogens', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006854', 'descriptor_name': 'Hydrocortisone', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000097', 'qualifier_name': 'blood', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006854', 'descriptor_name': 'Hydrocortisone', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008875', 'descriptor_name': 'Middle Aged', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009765', 'descriptor_name': 'Obesity', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000150', 'qualifier_name': 'complications', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009765', 'descriptor_name': 'Obesity', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010672', 'descriptor_name': 'Phenytoin', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010672', 'descriptor_name': 'Phenytoin', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010911', 'descriptor_name': 'Pituitary Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000150', 'qualifier_name': 'complications', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010911', 'descriptor_name': 'Pituitary Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013148', 'descriptor_name': 'Spironolactone', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013148', 'descriptor_name': 'Spironolactone', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 3, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00005792-198101000-00003', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S28966261', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'issn_l': '0025-7974', 'issn': ['0025-7974', '1536-5964'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547', 'host_organization_name': 'Wolters Kluwer', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://journals.lww.com/md-journal/Citation/1981/01000/Cushing_s_Syndrome__Problems_in_Diagnosis.3.aspx', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': None, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7453563', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00005792-198101000-00003', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S28966261', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'issn_l': '0025-7974', 'issn': ['0025-7974', '1536-5964'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547', 'host_organization_name': 'Wolters Kluwer', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'score': 0.87, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4234066037', 'https://openalex.org/W3160409747', 'https://openalex.org/W2430570034', 'https://openalex.org/W2317662262', 'https://openalex.org/W2182448210', 'https://openalex.org/W2131793757', 'https://openalex.org/W2090891040', 'https://openalex.org/W2079804506', 'https://openalex.org/W1972678810', 'https://openalex.org/W1972061750'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'ARON,': [0], 'DAVID': [1], 'C.': [2], 'M.D.;': [3, 7, 11, 15], 'TYRRELL,': [4], 'J': [5], 'BLAKE': [6], 'FITZGERALD,': [8], 'PAUL': [9], 'A.': [10], 'FINDLING,': [12], 'JAMES': [13], 'W.': [14], 'FORSHAM,': [16], 'PETER': [17], 'H.': [18], 'M.D.': [19], 'Author': [20], 'Information': [21]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2018790115', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-08-15T05:52:10.024722', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}