Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2018408116', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt1273', 'title': 'Structure-based maximal affinity model predicts small-molecule druggability', 'display_name': 'Structure-based maximal affinity model predicts small-molecule druggability', 'publication_year': 2007, 'publication_date': '2007-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2018408116', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt1273', 'mag': '2018408116', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17211405'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt1273', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S106963461', 'display_name': 'Nature Biotechnology', 'issn_l': '1087-0156', 'issn': ['1087-0156', '1546-1696'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319908', 'host_organization_name': 'Nature Portfolio', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319908', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Nature Portfolio', 'Springer Nature'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5083026456', 'display_name': 'Alan C. Cheng', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3645-172X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180857899', 'display_name': 'Pfizer (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01xdqrp08', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180857899']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1320553840', 'display_name': 'Amgen (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03g03ge92', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1320553840']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Alan C Cheng', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Amgen Inc., Cambridge, USA', 'Department of Molecular Informatics, Research Technology Center, Pfizer Global Research & Development, Cambridge, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Molecular Informatics, Research Technology Center, Pfizer Global Research & Development, Cambridge, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I180857899']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Amgen Inc., Cambridge, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1320553840']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5080493709', 'display_name': 'Ryan G. Coleman', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4093-4281'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180857899', 'display_name': 'Pfizer (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01xdqrp08', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180857899']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Ryan G Coleman', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Molecular Informatics, Research Technology Center, Pfizer Global Research & Development, Cambridge, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Molecular Informatics, Research Technology Center, Pfizer Global Research & Development, Cambridge, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I180857899']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5034810173', 'display_name': 'Kathleen T Smyth', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180857899', 'display_name': 'Pfizer (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01xdqrp08', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180857899']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Kathleen T Smyth', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Biological Sciences, Research Technology Center, Pfizer Global Research & Development, Cambridge, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Biological Sciences, Research Technology Center, Pfizer Global Research & Development, Cambridge, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I180857899']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5008157848', 'display_name': 'Qing Cao', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1523-8797'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180857899', 'display_name': 'Pfizer (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01xdqrp08', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180857899']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Qing Cao', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Molecular Informatics, Research Technology Center, Pfizer Global Research & Development, Cambridge, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Molecular Informatics, Research Technology Center, Pfizer Global Research & Development, Cambridge, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I180857899']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5056121662', 'display_name': 'Patricia Soulard', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180857899', 'display_name': 'Pfizer (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01xdqrp08', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180857899']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Patricia Soulard', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Biological Sciences, Research Technology Center, Pfizer Global Research & Development, Cambridge, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Biological Sciences, Research Technology Center, Pfizer Global Research & Development, Cambridge, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I180857899']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5013735262', 'display_name': 'Daniel R. Caffrey', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180857899', 'display_name': 'Pfizer (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01xdqrp08', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180857899']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Daniel R Caffrey', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Molecular Informatics, Research Technology Center, Pfizer Global Research & Development, Cambridge, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Molecular Informatics, Research Technology Center, Pfizer Global Research & Development, Cambridge, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I180857899']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5105990209', 'display_name': 'Anna C. Salzberg', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180857899', 'display_name': 'Pfizer (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01xdqrp08', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180857899']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Anna C Salzberg', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Molecular Informatics, Research Technology Center, Pfizer Global Research & Development, Cambridge, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Molecular Informatics, Research Technology Center, Pfizer Global Research & Development, Cambridge, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I180857899']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5089308999', 'display_name': 'Enoch S. Huang', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I180857899', 'display_name': 'Pfizer (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01xdqrp08', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I180857899']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Enoch S Huang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Molecular Informatics, Research Technology Center, Pfizer Global Research & Development, Cambridge, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Molecular Informatics, Research Technology Center, Pfizer Global Research & Development, Cambridge, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I180857899']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 9750, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 11690, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 30.008, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 625, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.99988, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '25', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '71', 'last_page': '75'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10211', 'display_name': 'Computational Methods in Drug Discovery', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1703', 'display_name': 'Computational Theory and Mathematics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10211', 'display_name': 'Computational Methods in Drug Discovery', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1703', 'display_name': 'Computational Theory and Mathematics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10044', 'display_name': 'Protein Structure Prediction and Analysis', 'score': 0.9992, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11016', 'display_name': 'Therapeutic Antibodies: Development, Engineering, and Applications', 'score': 0.9973, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2741', 'display_name': 'Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/druggability', 'display_name': 'Druggability', 'score': 0.99096084}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-target-identification', 'display_name': 'Drug Target Identification', 'score': 0.558793}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/homology-modeling', 'display_name': 'Homology Modeling', 'score': 0.518224}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-target', 'display_name': 'Drug target', 'score': 0.514655}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/molecular-docking', 'display_name': 'Molecular Docking', 'score': 0.511386}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C10679952', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5308937', 'display_name': 'Druggability', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.99096084}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74187038', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418791', 'display_name': 'Drug discovery', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.8041507}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C161624437', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1988322', 'display_name': 'Small molecule', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.69143486}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C70721500', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005', 'display_name': 'Computational biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6228407}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2989108626', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q904407', 'display_name': 'Drug target', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.514655}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780035454', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386', 'display_name': 'Drug', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47371477}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4437958}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.326976}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.30762124}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C60644358', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570', 'display_name': 'Bioinformatics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.26545238}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98274493', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.22994769}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.12780318}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D000465', 'descriptor_name': 'Algorithms', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015195', 'descriptor_name': 'Drug Design', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008956', 'descriptor_name': 'Models, Chemical', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008958', 'descriptor_name': 'Models, Molecular', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004364', 'descriptor_name': 'Pharmaceutical Preparations', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D025941', 'descriptor_name': 'Protein Interaction Mapping', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011506', 'descriptor_name': 'Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000737', 'qualifier_name': 'chemistry', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001665', 'descriptor_name': 'Binding Sites', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003198', 'descriptor_name': 'Computer Simulation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004364', 'descriptor_name': 'Pharmaceutical Preparations', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011485', 'descriptor_name': 'Protein Binding', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D025941', 'descriptor_name': 'Protein Interaction Mapping', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011506', 'descriptor_name': 'Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt1273', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S106963461', 'display_name': 'Nature Biotechnology', 'issn_l': '1087-0156', 'issn': ['1087-0156', '1546-1696'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319908', 'host_organization_name': 'Nature Portfolio', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319908', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319965'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Nature Portfolio', 'Springer Nature'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17211405', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 33, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1486706966', 'https://openalex.org/W1489601464', 'https://openalex.org/W1600692223', 'https://openalex.org/W1604356006', 'https://openalex.org/W1972844855', 'https://openalex.org/W1974645077', 'https://openalex.org/W1979598348', 'https://openalex.org/W1988208381', 'https://openalex.org/W1993971811', 'https://openalex.org/W1996559989', 'https://openalex.org/W1999724806', 'https://openalex.org/W2001607617', 'https://openalex.org/W2003926950', 'https://openalex.org/W2038338711', 'https://openalex.org/W2039545730', 'https://openalex.org/W2055125957', 'https://openalex.org/W2074370114', 'https://openalex.org/W2090004346', 'https://openalex.org/W2097933346', 'https://openalex.org/W2105649494', 'https://openalex.org/W2105902442', 'https://openalex.org/W2106320506', 'https://openalex.org/W2107841008', 'https://openalex.org/W2117744495', 'https://openalex.org/W2127073449', 'https://openalex.org/W2135732933', 'https://openalex.org/W2138473864', 'https://openalex.org/W2140407975', 'https://openalex.org/W2146010526', 'https://openalex.org/W2167398093', 'https://openalex.org/W2528469474', 'https://openalex.org/W2951106423', 'https://openalex.org/W4248309856'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4389227606', 'https://openalex.org/W3023385275', 'https://openalex.org/W2925167008', 'https://openalex.org/W2124891985', 'https://openalex.org/W2036884070', 'https://openalex.org/W2035422779', 'https://openalex.org/W2018408116', 'https://openalex.org/W2008033400', 'https://openalex.org/W1972982874', 'https://openalex.org/W1969888071'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2018408116', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 37}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 40}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 39}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 50}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 34}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 39}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 34}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 42}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 50}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 41}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 32}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 49}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-12T16:36:16.818943', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}