Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2016747177', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3751/64.2.14', 'title': "Women's Rights and Islam in Turkish politics: The Civil Code Amendment", 'display_name': "Women's Rights and Islam in Turkish politics: The Civil Code Amendment", 'publication_year': 2010, 'publication_date': '2010-04-15', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2016747177', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3751/64.2.14', 'mag': '2016747177'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3751/64.2.14', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S184885884', 'display_name': 'The Middle East Journal', 'issn_l': '0026-3141', 'issn': ['0026-3141', '1940-3461'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310316716', 'host_organization_name': 'Middle East Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310316716'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Middle East Institute'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5020972274', 'display_name': 'Yeşim Arat', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3153-7989'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Yesim Arat', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5020972274'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 3.89, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 60, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.985461, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 95, 'max': 96}, 'biblio': {'volume': '64', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '235', 'last_page': '251'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11783', 'display_name': "Turkey's Politics and Society", 'score': 0.9972, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3320', 'display_name': 'Political Science and International Relations'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11783', 'display_name': "Turkey's Politics and Society", 'score': 0.9972, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3320', 'display_name': 'Political Science and International Relations'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10794', 'display_name': 'Islamic Studies and History', 'score': 0.9626, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3320', 'display_name': 'Political Science and International Relations'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11203', 'display_name': 'Jewish and Middle Eastern Studies', 'score': 0.9411, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3312', 'display_name': 'Sociology and Political Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-code', 'display_name': 'Civil code', 'score': 0.4945037}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/amendment', 'display_name': 'Amendment', 'score': 0.4100663}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.63612753}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C4445939', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432', 'display_name': 'Islam', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6280706}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.59711653}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781121862', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q256', 'display_name': 'Turkish', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.58868915}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C94625758', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163', 'display_name': 'Politics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5544721}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777701304', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1923776', 'display_name': 'Civil code', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4945037}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2994225426', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191600', 'display_name': 'Civil rights', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4416521}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779184190', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1269627', 'display_name': 'Amendment', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4100663}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201', 'display_name': 'Sociology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.32207438}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C27206212', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178', 'display_name': 'Theology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.14924732}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.09226158}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41895202', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162', 'display_name': 'Linguistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3751/64.2.14', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S184885884', 'display_name': 'The Middle East Journal', 'issn_l': '0026-3141', 'issn': ['0026-3141', '1940-3461'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310316716', 'host_organization_name': 'Middle East Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310316716'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Middle East Institute'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5', 'score': 0.52, 'display_name': 'Gender equality'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 11, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W140610588', 'https://openalex.org/W1550545628', 'https://openalex.org/W1555227023', 'https://openalex.org/W1915757707', 'https://openalex.org/W2013046008', 'https://openalex.org/W2054695741', 'https://openalex.org/W2569582710', 'https://openalex.org/W3088003284', 'https://openalex.org/W560498586', 'https://openalex.org/W568144252', 'https://openalex.org/W581606039'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4385475638', 'https://openalex.org/W3009229429', 'https://openalex.org/W2949705836', 'https://openalex.org/W2748952813', 'https://openalex.org/W2325578886', 'https://openalex.org/W2090967973', 'https://openalex.org/W2037306753', 'https://openalex.org/W1978698900', 'https://openalex.org/W1546929653', 'https://openalex.org/W1171781444'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Literature': [0], 'on': [1, 15, 33, 244, 252, 561, 566], "Turkey's": [2, 471], '2001': [3, 149], 'civil': [4, 93, 119, 364, 636], 'code': [5, 94, 104, 114, 120, 130, 147, 310, 365, 586, 614, 637], 'amendment,': [6, 300], 'which': [7, 153, 163, 196, 419, 529, 547, 601], 'expanded': [8, 105], "women's": [527], 'rights,': [528], 'is': [11, 487, 521, 553], 'limited': [12], 'to': [13, 30, 49, 112, 127, 156, 167, 176, 185, 207, 220, 249, 366, 432, 443, 462, 489, 501, 593], 'reports': [14, 558], 'the': [16, 24, 28, 34, 51, 58, 63, 81, 88, 91, 113, 118, 129, 151, 165, 169, 172, 179, 183, 237, 253, 278, 299, 309, 317, 322, 335, 342, 356, 360, 363, 368, 371, 388, 392, 397, 413, 425, 438, 463, 478, 484, 538, 544, 548, 562, 567, 575, 584, 598, 602, 609, 612, 619, 630, 634, 639, 643], "code's": [17, 568], 'achievements': [18, 569], 'and': [19, 72, 181, 201, 212, 285, 341, 375, 396, 430, 455, 466, 504, 512, 559, 570, 588, 606], 'failings.': [20, 571], 'This': [21], 'article': [22], 'examines': [23], 'parliamentary': [25, 357], 'debates': [26, 358, 381], 'behind': [27, 359], 'amendment': [29, 89, 361, 520, 563], 'shed': [31], 'light': [32], 'contemporary': [35], 'Islamist-secularist': [36], 'polarization': [37, 347], 'in': [38, 67, 131, 273, 308, 326, 348, 377, 409, 474, 524, 533, 537, 616, 624, 642, 645], 'Turkey.': [39, 327, 349], 'It': [40], 'shows': [41], 'that': [42, 135, 401, 629], 'rights': [44, 215, 511], 'are': [45, 382], 'still': [46, 591], 'a': [47, 157, 268, 313, 383], 'means': [48], 'pursue': [50], 'goals': [52], 'of': [53, 65, 90, 99, 133, 148, 171, 194, 216, 247, 255, 262, 270, 324, 338, 345, 362, 370, 394, 399, 416, 469, 519, 550, 611], 'secularist': [54], 'modernization.': [55], 'They': [56, 328], 'shape': [57], 'power': [59, 410], 'struggle': [60], 'over': [61, 391, 546], 'what': [62, 73, 505, 583, 589], 'role': [64, 393], 'religion': [66, 395], 'public': [68], 'life': [69], 'should': [70, 75], 'be': [71, 168, 186, 422, 433, 594], 'secularism': [74, 400, 417], 'entail.': [76], 'On': [77], 'November': [78], '22,': [79], '2001,': [80], 'Turkish': [82, 92, 339, 378, 403, 439, 535, 551], 'Grand': [83], 'National': [84], 'Assembly': [85], '(TGNA)': [86], 'accepted': [87, 615], 'after': [95, 115, 138], 'almost': [96], '50': [97], 'years': [98], 'unsuccessful': [100], 'attempts.1': [101], 'The': [102, 145, 191, 306, 446, 517, 555], 'new': [103, 146, 585, 635], 'rights.': [107], 'Several': [108], 'amendments': [109, 576, 603, 610], 'were': [110, 136, 189, 218, 530, 604], 'made': [111, 605], '1926,': [116], 'when': [117, 236, 621, 638], 'was': [121, 197, 205, 233, 280, 460, 480, 623, 641], 'adopted.': [122], 'However,': [123], 'more': [124, 294], 'comprehensive': [125], 'attempts': [126], 'change': [128], 'favor': [132], 'women': [134, 155, 204, 264, 286, 325], 'proposed': [137], '1951': [139], 'never': [140], 'materialized': [141], 'into': [142], 'an': [143, 434], 'amendment.': [144], 'redressed': [150], 'biases': [152], 'relegated': [154], 'secondary': [158], 'position': [159], 'within': [160], 'marriage.': [161, 259, 283], 'Articles': [162], 'declared': [164], 'husband': [166], 'head': [170], 'household,': [173], 'expected': [174, 182], 'him': [175], 'earn': [177], 'for': [178, 199, 203, 209, 290, 293, 386, 437, 458, 509, 515], 'family,': [180], 'wife': [184], 'his': [187], 'helper': [188], 'deleted.': [190], 'minimum': [192], 'age': [193], 'marriage': [195], '17': [198], 'men': [200, 211], '15': [202], 'raised': [206], '18': [208], 'both': [210], 'women.': [213], 'Equal': [214], 'inheritance': [217], 'extended': [219], 'children': [221], 'born': [222], 'outside': [223], 'wedlock.': [224], 'Perhaps': [225], 'most': [226], 'radically,': [227], 'unremunerated': [229], 'labor': [230], 'at': [231], 'home': [232], 'finally': [234], 'recognized': [235], 'property': [238, 248, 256, 271, 279], 'regime': [239], 'changed': [240, 423], 'from': [241], 'one': [242, 250], 'based': [243, 251], 'separate': [245], 'ownership': [246], 'sharing': [254], 'acquired': [257, 281], 'during': [258, 282], 'In': [260, 350], 'cases': [261], 'divorce,': [263], 'could': [265], 'thus': [266], 'claim': [267], 'share': [269], 'registered': [272], 'their': [274, 304, 580], "husbands'": [275], 'names': [276], 'if': [277], 'Feminists': [284, 572], 'who': [287, 573], 'had': [288, 303, 632], 'worked': [289], 'its': [291, 444], 'realization': [292], 'than': [295], 'two': [296], 'decades': [297], 'celebrated': [298], 'though': [301, 477], 'they': [302, 507], 'criticisms.': [305], 'changes': [307], 'tells': [311], 'us': [312, 330], 'great': [314], 'deal': [315], 'about': [316, 334, 579], 'transformations': [318], 'taking': [319], 'place': [320], 'regarding': [321], 'status': [323], 'tell': [329], 'even': [331], 'more,': [332], 'perhaps,': [333], 'changing': [336], 'dynamics': [337], 'politics': [340], 'root': [343], 'causes': [344], 'Islamist2-secularist': [346], 'this': [351], 'article,': [352], 'I': [353], 'shall': [354], 'examine': [355], 'explore': [367], 'nature': [369, 549], 'conflict': [372], 'between': [373], 'Islamists': [374], 'secularists': [376], 'politics.': [379], 'These': [380], 'colorful': [384], 'source': [385], 'understanding': [387], 'political': [389, 493], 'controversy': [390], 'meaning': [398], 'shapes': [402], 'society.': [404], 'Whether': [405], 'or': [406, 627], 'not': [407, 421, 481], 'governments': [408], 'act': [411], 'against': [412], 'constitutional': [414], 'principle': [415], '-': [418, 427], 'can': [420], 'by': [424, 618], 'Parliament': [426], 'has': [428], 'been,': [429], 'continues': [431], 'existential': [435], 'question': [436], 'Republic': [440], 'dating': [441], 'back': [442], 'inception.3': [445], 'ruling,': [447], 'Islamist-rooted': [448, 492], 'Adalet': [449], 've': [450], 'Kalkýnma': [451], 'Partisi': [452], '(AKP,': [453], 'Justice': [454], 'Development': [456], 'Party),': [457], 'example,': [459], 'taken': [461], 'Constitutional': [464], 'Court': [465], 'found': [467], 'guilty': [468], 'violating': [470], 'secular': [472, 498, 513], 'principles': [473], 'July': [475], '2008,': [476], 'party': [479, 640], 'closed.4': [482], 'Under': [483], 'circumstances,': [485], 'it': [486, 622], 'important': [488], 'understand': [490], 'how': [491, 526], 'groups,': [494], 'as': [495, 497, 543], 'well': [496], 'ones,': [499], 'tend': [500], 'interpret': [502], 'secularism,': [503], 'boundaries': [506], 'set': [508], 'religious': [510], 'respect': [514], 'religion.': [516], 'process': [518], 'also': [522], 'instructive': [523], 'exposing': [525], 'so': [531], 'crucial': [532], 'defining': [534], 'modernity': [536], '1920s,': [539], 'serve,': [540], 'once': [541], 'again,': [542], 'terrain': [545], 'modernization': [552], 'fought.': [554], 'many': [556], 'available': [557], 'reviews': [560], 'mostly': [564], 'focus': [565], 'shaped': [574], 'have': [577], 'written': [578], 'hard-won': [581], 'victory,': [582], 'brings,': [587], 'improvements': [590], 'need': [592], 'made.5': [595], 'Others': [596], 'underplay': [597], 'difficulty': [599], 'with': [600], 'highlight,': [607], 'instead,': [608], 'penal': [613], '2004': [617], 'AKP': [620, 631], 'power,': [625], 'dismissing': [626], 'ignoring': [628], 'opposed': [633], 'opposition': [644], '2001.': [646], '…': [647]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2016747177', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-04T14:33:29.005118', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}