Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2016403022', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4002184', 'title': 'Numerical Modeling and Analysis of Entrainment in Turbulent Jets After the End of Injection', 'display_name': 'Numerical Modeling and Analysis of Entrainment in Turbulent Jets After the End of Injection', 'publication_year': 2010, 'publication_date': '2010-08-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2016403022', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4002184', 'mag': '2016403022'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4002184', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S14419372', 'display_name': 'Journal of Fluids Engineering', 'issn_l': '0098-2202', 'issn': ['0098-2202', '1528-901X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310316053', 'host_organization_name': 'ASM International', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310316053'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['ASM International'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5060201309', 'display_name': 'Satbir Singh', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4621-2995'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I118136607', 'display_name': 'General Motors (United States)', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05addee68', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'company', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I118136607']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Satbir Singh', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['General Motors Global Research and Development, Warren, MI 48090'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'General Motors Global Research and Development, Warren, MI 48090', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I118136607']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5110733402', 'display_name': 'Mark P. Musculus', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I192454743', 'display_name': 'Sandia National Laboratories California', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/058m7ey48', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1330989302', 'https://openalex.org/I192454743', 'https://openalex.org/I198811213', 'https://openalex.org/I4210104735']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Mark P. B. Musculus', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I192454743']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.299, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 12, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.732157, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 85, 'max': 86}, 'biblio': {'volume': '132', 'issue': '8', 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10553', 'display_name': 'Combustion and flame dynamics', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2206', 'display_name': 'Computational Mechanics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10553', 'display_name': 'Combustion and flame dynamics', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2206', 'display_name': 'Computational Mechanics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10117', 'display_name': 'Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1507', 'display_name': 'Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/15', 'display_name': 'Chemical Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12567', 'display_name': 'Heat transfer and supercritical fluids', 'score': 0.9949, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2206', 'display_name': 'Computational Mechanics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/entrainment', 'display_name': 'Entrainment (biomusicology)', 'score': 0.69901365}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/inviscid-flow', 'display_name': 'Inviscid flow', 'score': 0.62097585}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/momentum', 'display_name': 'Momentum (technical analysis)', 'score': 0.5090694}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C57879066', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217', 'display_name': 'Mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.848933}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C139992725', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380656', 'display_name': 'Entrainment (biomusicology)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.69901365}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C196558001', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132', 'display_name': 'Turbulence', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.63854367}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6348767}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86252789', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2247765', 'display_name': 'Inviscid flow', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.62097585}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119947313', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5596635', 'display_name': 'Jet (fluid)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5579961}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C84655787', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8067817', 'display_name': 'Compressibility', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.53361845}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1633027', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815820', 'display_name': 'Computational fluid dynamics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5326324}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C60718061', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414747', 'display_name': 'Momentum (technical analysis)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5090694}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C56200935', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q250840', 'display_name': 'Nozzle', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.47734812}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C48939323', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294879', 'display_name': 'Wake', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4563911}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74650414', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397', 'display_name': 'Classical mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3577928}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C97355855', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473', 'display_name': 'Thermodynamics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.30532587}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C24890656', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811', 'display_name': 'Acoustics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.07711634}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C10138342', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015', 'display_name': 'Finance', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C135343436', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170406', 'display_name': 'Rhythm', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4002184', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S14419372', 'display_name': 'Journal of Fluids Engineering', 'issn_l': '0098-2202', 'issn': ['0098-2202', '1528-901X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310316053', 'host_organization_name': 'ASM International', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310316053'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['ASM International'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.68, 'display_name': 'Affordable and clean energy', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 35, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1482286907', 'https://openalex.org/W1508472035', 'https://openalex.org/W1513159817', 'https://openalex.org/W1520097462', 'https://openalex.org/W1530847842', 'https://openalex.org/W153135367', 'https://openalex.org/W1564754051', 'https://openalex.org/W1568728495', 'https://openalex.org/W1580211248', 'https://openalex.org/W1602693599', 'https://openalex.org/W1705933320', 'https://openalex.org/W1773489794', 'https://openalex.org/W1881195926', 'https://openalex.org/W1964821297', 'https://openalex.org/W1974799105', 'https://openalex.org/W1979882120', 'https://openalex.org/W2002112438', 'https://openalex.org/W2006211417', 'https://openalex.org/W2007584012', 'https://openalex.org/W2013858861', 'https://openalex.org/W2015149386', 'https://openalex.org/W2025390723', 'https://openalex.org/W2049921001', 'https://openalex.org/W2062629980', 'https://openalex.org/W2076714749', 'https://openalex.org/W2085882948', 'https://openalex.org/W2087461806', 'https://openalex.org/W2092600749', 'https://openalex.org/W2105196962', 'https://openalex.org/W2167310446', 'https://openalex.org/W2922280510', 'https://openalex.org/W323536346', 'https://openalex.org/W4250232905', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527', 'https://openalex.org/W623850018'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4324319056', 'https://openalex.org/W3186153824', 'https://openalex.org/W2963995572', 'https://openalex.org/W2804509140', 'https://openalex.org/W2757285599', 'https://openalex.org/W2415733166', 'https://openalex.org/W2151502314', 'https://openalex.org/W1644877668', 'https://openalex.org/W1602020813', 'https://openalex.org/W1486213812'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Previous': [0, 31], 'velocity': [1, 258], 'and': [2, 9, 37, 64], 'scalar': [3], 'measurements': [4], 'in': [5, 91, 183, 199, 208, 215, 275], 'both': [6, 158], 'single-phase': [7], 'jets': [8], 'two-phase': [10], 'diesel': [11], 'fuel': [12], 'sprays': [13], 'indicate': [14], 'that': [15, 53, 137, 161, 204], 'after': [16, 65], 'the': [17, 20, 60, 66, 84, 107, 110, 114, 127, 132, 138, 154, 162, 168, 184, 187, 197, 200, 205, 209, 237, 261, 268, 278, 285], 'flow': [18, 270], 'at': [19, 260, 267], 'nozzle': [21], 'decelerates,': [22], 'ambient-gas': [23], 'entrainment': [24, 69, 80, 111, 118, 140, 188, 206, 219, 276], 'increases': [25, 142, 173, 221], 'compared': [26], 'to': [27, 72, 167, 191, 224], 'a': [28, 44, 73, 122, 149, 176, 192, 225, 231, 251], 'steady': [29, 193], 'jet.': [30], 'studies': [32], 'using': [33, 43, 83], 'simplified': [34, 133], 'analytical': [35], 'models': [36, 159], 'computational': [38], 'fluid': [39, 171], 'dynamics': [40], '(CFD)': [41], 'simulations': [42, 96, 105], 'one-dimensional': [45], '(1D)': [46], 'inviscid,': [47], 'incompressible': [48], 'momentum': [49, 89, 201, 253, 279], 'equation': [50, 202], 'have': [51], 'predicted': [52, 130], 'an': [54], '“entrainment': [55], 'wave”': [56], 'propagates': [57], 'downstream': [58, 266], 'along': [59], 'jet': [61, 128], 'axis': [62], 'during': [63], 'deceleration,': [67], 'increasing': [68], 'by': [70, 131, 143, 148, 230, 250, 284], 'up': [71], 'factor': [74, 150, 177], 'of': [75, 97, 109, 116, 126, 151, 164, 178, 186, 196, 255], '3.': [76, 152], 'In': [77, 153], 'this': [78], 'study,': [79], 'is': [81, 119, 248, 264, 282], 'analyzed': [82], 'full': [85, 210], 'compressible,': [86], 'unsteady': [87], 'Navier–Stokes': [88], 'equations': [90], 'axisymmetric': [92], 'two-dimensional': [93], '(2D)': [94], 'CFD': [95, 212], 'single-pulsed': [98], 'transient': [99], 'round': [100], 'gas': [101], 'jets.': [102], 'The': [103, 218, 245, 272], '2D': [104, 211], 'confirm': [106], 'existence': [108], 'wave,': [112, 235, 280], 'although': [113], 'region': [115, 125], 'increased': [117], 'distributed': [120], 'over': [121], 'wider': [123], 'axial': [124, 257], 'than': [129, 147], '1D': [134, 239, 286], 'model,': [135], 'so': [136], 'peak': [139], 'rate': [141, 163], 'only': [144], '50%': [145], 'rather': [146], 'long': [155], 'time': [156], 'limit,': [157], 'show': [160], 'mixing': [165], 'relative': [166], 'local': [169, 269], 'injected': [170], 'concentration': [172], 'significantly,': [174], 'approaching': [175], '3': [179], 'or': [180], 'more': [181], 'increase': [182, 274], 'wake': [185], 'wave': [189, 207, 247, 254], '(relative': [190], 'jet).': [194], 'Analysis': [195], 'terms': [198], 'shows': [203], 'predictions': [213], 'occurs': [214], 'two': [216], 'phases.': [217], 'first': [220], 'slightly': [222], 'due': [223], 'radial': [226], 'pressure': [227], 'gradient': [228], 'induced': [229], 'relatively': [232], 'fast': [233], 'acoustic': [234, 246], 'which': [236, 263, 281], 'simple': [238], 'model': [240], 'does': [241], 'not': [242], 'account': [243], 'for.': [244], 'followed': [249], 'slower': [252], 'decreased': [256], 'initiated': [259], 'nozzle,': [262], 'convected': [265], 'velocities.': [271], 'largest': [273], 'accompanies': [277], 'captured': [283], 'momentum-equation': [287], 'model.': [288]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2016403022', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-09T10:05:54.621832', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}