Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2016378907', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4802878', 'title': 'Lifting general relativity to observer space', 'display_name': 'Lifting general relativity to observer space', 'publication_year': 2013, 'publication_date': '2013-05-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2016378907', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4802878', 'mag': '2016378907'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4802878', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S158241587', 'display_name': 'Journal of Mathematical Physics', 'issn_l': '0022-2488', 'issn': ['0022-2488', '1089-7658', '1527-2427'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320257', 'host_organization_name': 'American Institute of Physics', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320257'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Institute of Physics'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['arxiv', 'crossref', 'datacite'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'https://arxiv.org/pdf/1210.0019', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5082154254', 'display_name': 'Steffen Gielen', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8653-5430'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I183974707', 'display_name': 'Perimeter Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/013m0ej23', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I183974707']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Steffen Gielen', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics 1 , 31 Caroline St. N., Waterloo, Ontario N2L 2Y5, Canada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics 1 , 31 Caroline St. N., Waterloo, Ontario N2L 2Y5, Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I183974707']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5091539226', 'display_name': 'Derek K. Wise', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6985-3293'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I181369854', 'display_name': 'Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00f7hpc57', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I181369854']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Derek K. Wise', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Universität Erlangen–Nürnberg 2 Institute for Quantum Gravity, , Staudtstr. 7/B2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Universität Erlangen–Nürnberg 2 Institute for Quantum Gravity, , Staudtstr. 7/B2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I181369854']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 2.382, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 21, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.894365, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 90, 'max': 91}, 'biblio': {'volume': '54', 'issue': '5', 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11415', 'display_name': 'Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories', 'score': 0.9979, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3109', 'display_name': 'Statistical and Nonlinear Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11415', 'display_name': 'Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories', 'score': 0.9979, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3109', 'display_name': 'Statistical and Nonlinear Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13080', 'display_name': 'Advanced Differential Geometry Research', 'score': 0.9973, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3103', 'display_name': 'Astronomy and Astrophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10025', 'display_name': 'Black Holes and Theoretical Physics', 'score': 0.9887, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3106', 'display_name': 'Nuclear and High Energy Physics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/stationary-spacetime', 'display_name': 'Stationary spacetime', 'score': 0.85178024}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/observer', 'display_name': 'Observer (physics)', 'score': 0.7449666}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/spacetime-topology', 'display_name': 'Spacetime topology', 'score': 0.68311673}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/world-line', 'display_name': 'World line', 'score': 0.5945195}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/spherically-symmetric-spacetime', 'display_name': 'Spherically symmetric spacetime', 'score': 0.58817345}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/spacetime-symmetries', 'display_name': 'Spacetime symmetries', 'score': 0.5075013}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-sets', 'display_name': 'Causal sets', 'score': 0.42316657}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185277778', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966119', 'display_name': 'Stationary spacetime', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.85178024}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C130187892', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133327', 'display_name': 'Spacetime', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.74542964}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780704645', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9251458', 'display_name': 'Observer (physics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7449666}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C40811676', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3993516', 'display_name': 'Spacetime topology', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.68311673}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134200972', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856292', 'display_name': 'World line', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5945195}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C100991488', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7576722', 'display_name': 'Spherically symmetric spacetime', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.58817345}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154693114', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6796059', 'display_name': "Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime", 'level': 5, 'score': 0.5579516}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C65305961', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7572737', 'display_name': 'Spacetime symmetries', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.5075013}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C147452769', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11452', 'display_name': 'General relativity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.50704217}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C157157409', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909601', 'display_name': 'Tangent space', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45037308}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C70669116', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2537157', 'display_name': 'Mathematics of general relativity', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.4393886}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4263125}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41254897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139715', 'display_name': 'Causal sets', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.42316657}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120484201', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2246697', 'display_name': 'Quantum field theory in curved spacetime', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.39976132}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74650414', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397', 'display_name': 'Classical mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.36843967}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.35972893}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134306372', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754', 'display_name': 'Mathematical analysis', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.28978407}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C44715290', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13012237', 'display_name': 'Numerical relativity', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.11542493}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C108568745', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234181', 'display_name': 'Quantum gravity', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.091525614}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.077382445}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C84114770', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344', 'display_name': 'Quantum', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 6, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4802878', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S158241587', 'display_name': 'Journal of Mathematical Physics', 'issn_l': '0022-2488', 'issn': ['0022-2488', '1089-7658', '1527-2427'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320257', 'host_organization_name': 'American Institute of Physics', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320257'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Institute of Physics'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1210.0019', 'pdf_url': 'https://arxiv.org/pdf/1210.0019', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/151745/1/1210.0019v3.pdf', 'pdf_url': 'http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/151745/1/1210.0019v3.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4377196101', 'display_name': 'White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I130828816', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Leeds', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130828816'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Leeds'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'acceptedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-fau/frontdoor/index/index/docId/3403', 'pdf_url': 'https://open.fau.de/bitstreams/1dc0d103-cc59-4e7b-b3d7-665ad71504fb/download', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306402340', 'display_name': 'OPUS FAU (Kooperativer Bibliotheksverbund Berlin-Brandenburg (KOBV), on behalf of the Universitätsbibliothek Erlangen-Nürnberg)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'other-oa', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa', 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': None, 'pdf_url': 'https://arxiv.org/pdf/1210.0019.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://api.datacite.org/dois/10.48550/arxiv.1210.0019', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4393179698', 'display_name': 'DataCite API', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I4210145204', 'host_organization_name': 'DataCite', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210145204'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['DataCite'], 'type': 'metadata'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1210.0019', 'pdf_url': 'https://arxiv.org/pdf/1210.0019', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': ['https://openalex.org/W2016378907', 'https://openalex.org/W3104119042'], 'referenced_works_count': 35, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1502244715', 'https://openalex.org/W1610675633', 'https://openalex.org/W1660338268', 'https://openalex.org/W1970659463', 'https://openalex.org/W1973008520', 'https://openalex.org/W1983894121', 'https://openalex.org/W1989191654', 'https://openalex.org/W1989347437', 'https://openalex.org/W1990541010', 'https://openalex.org/W1998899807', 'https://openalex.org/W2007959513', 'https://openalex.org/W2011487840', 'https://openalex.org/W2038745894', 'https://openalex.org/W2081900030', 'https://openalex.org/W2105521689', 'https://openalex.org/W2111138808', 'https://openalex.org/W2116766049', 'https://openalex.org/W2126046252', 'https://openalex.org/W2126106103', 'https://openalex.org/W2126479355', 'https://openalex.org/W2126851642', 'https://openalex.org/W2142318758', 'https://openalex.org/W2145043626', 'https://openalex.org/W2158117921', 'https://openalex.org/W2159768433', 'https://openalex.org/W2167377764', 'https://openalex.org/W2550858907', 'https://openalex.org/W2735646567', 'https://openalex.org/W3102891694', 'https://openalex.org/W3102937936', 'https://openalex.org/W3125641347', 'https://openalex.org/W4249264729', 'https://openalex.org/W4300651159', 'https://openalex.org/W621071430', 'https://openalex.org/W72050942'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4389471256', 'https://openalex.org/W3028597277', 'https://openalex.org/W2989153776', 'https://openalex.org/W2954772328', 'https://openalex.org/W2613007227', 'https://openalex.org/W2417951716', 'https://openalex.org/W2054448485', 'https://openalex.org/W2016378907', 'https://openalex.org/W2004740054', 'https://openalex.org/W1944639264'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0], '`observer': [1], "space'": [2], 'of': [3, 10, 70, 110], 'a': [4, 23, 68, 114], 'Lorentzian': [5], 'spacetime': [6, 25, 44, 63, 100], 'is': [7, 45, 97], 'the': [8, 21, 85, 91], 'space': [9, 38, 51, 78], 'future-timelike': [11], 'unit': [12], 'tangent': [13], 'vectors.': [14], 'Using': [15], 'Cartan': [16], 'geometry,': [17], 'we': [18, 107], 'first': [19], 'study': [20], 'structure': [22], 'given': [24], 'induces': [26], 'on': [27, 76, 84], 'its': [28], 'observer': [29, 37, 50, 71, 77, 111], 'space,': [30, 112], 'then': [31, 79], 'use': [32], 'this': [33], 'to': [34, 81, 122], 'define': [35], 'abstract': [36], 'geometries': [39], 'for': [40], 'which': [41, 62], 'no': [42, 94], 'underlying': [43], 'assumed.': [46], 'We': [47, 88], 'propose': [48], 'taking': [49], 'as': [52, 67], 'fundamental': [53], 'in': [54], 'general': [55], 'relativity,': [56], 'and': [57, 99, 119], 'prove': [58], 'integrability': [59], 'conditions': [60], 'under': [61], 'can': [64], 'be': [65], 'reconstructed': [66, 86], 'quotient': [69], 'space.': [72], 'Additional': [73], 'field': [74], 'equations': [75, 83], 'descend': [80], "Einstein's": [82], 'spacetime.': [87], 'also': [89], 'consider': [90], 'case': [92], 'where': [93], 'such': [95], 'reconstruction': [96], 'possible,': [98], 'becomes': [101], 'an': [102], 'observer-dependent,': [103], 'relative': [104], 'concept.': [105], 'Finally,': [106], 'discuss': [108], 'applications': [109], 'including': [113], 'geometric': [115], 'link': [116], 'between': [117], 'covariant': [118], 'canonical': [120], 'approaches': [121], 'gravity.': [123]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2016378907', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-29T22:45:16.171293', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}