Title: Microbial consortia of bacteria and fungi with focus on the lichen symbiosis
Abstract: The investigation of fungal–bacterial interactions is an emerging field of research applying tools of modern microbial ecology. Studies have previously focused on the mycorrhizosphere, but in past decade, the role of bacteria in other fungal niches has been increasingly evaluated. This review presents recent progress in the understanding of fungal–bacterial interactions and contains a special focus on lichen symbioses. Lichens are traditionally considered as mutualisms between fungi and photoautotrophic species, but recent molecular approaches have revealed that lichens also harbour diverse microbial communities. Using modern DNA/RNA-based and microscopic techniques (e.g. FISH and confocal laser scanning microscopy) we are now able to analyse the abundance, composition, and structure of microbial communities in the lichen holobiont. Lichen-associated microbial communities consist of diverse taxonomic groups; the majority of bacteria belong to Alphaproteobacteria. Microbial communities can form biofilm-like structures on specific parts of the lichen thallus. Until now, the function and interaction within the microbial consortia is not fully understood. The functions displayed mainly by culturable strains suggest that bacteria have lytic activities, complement the nitrogen budget and produce bioactive substances, including hormones and antibiotics. Bacterial contribution to the lichen symbiosis is perhaps not restricted to one particular function in the lichen system, but supports a complex functional network which remains to be studied in greater detail.
Publication Year: 2009
Publication Date: 2009-08-01
Language: en
Type: article
Indexed In: ['crossref']
Access and Citation
Cited By Count: 190
AI Researcher Chatbot
Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot