Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2014879586', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m313080200', 'title': "CAG Repeat Lengths in X- and Y-bearing Sperm Indicate That Gender Bias during Transmission of Huntington's Disease Gene Is Determined in the Embryo", 'display_name': "CAG Repeat Lengths in X- and Y-bearing Sperm Indicate That Gender Bias during Transmission of Huntington's Disease Gene Is Determined in the Embryo", 'publication_year': 2004, 'publication_date': '2004-02-27', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2014879586', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m313080200', 'mag': '2014879586', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14688268'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m313080200', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.jbc.org/article/S0021925817478495/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S140251998', 'display_name': 'Journal of Biological Chemistry', 'issn_l': '0021-9258', 'issn': ['0021-9258', '1067-8816', '1083-351X'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'http://www.jbc.org/article/S0021925817478495/pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5019656399', 'display_name': 'Irina V. Kovtun', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7619-4951'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1330342723', 'display_name': 'Mayo Clinic', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02qp3tb03', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1330342723']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Irina V. Kovtun', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1330342723']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5114009363', 'display_name': 'Glenn R. Welch', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1336096307', 'display_name': 'United States Department of Agriculture', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01na82s61', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1336096307']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Glenn Welch', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Germplasm and Gamete Physiology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Germplasm and Gamete Physiology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1336096307']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111524692', 'display_name': 'H. D. Guthrie', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1336096307', 'display_name': 'United States Department of Agriculture', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01na82s61', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1336096307']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'H. David Guthrie', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Germplasm and Gamete Physiology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Germplasm and Gamete Physiology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland 20705', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1336096307']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5047126504', 'display_name': 'Kari L. Hafner', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1330342723', 'display_name': 'Mayo Clinic', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02qp3tb03', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1330342723']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Kari L. Hafner', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Molecular Cytogenetics, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Molecular Cytogenetics, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1330342723']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5058921608', 'display_name': 'Cynthia T. McMurray', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4824-6371'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I1330342723', 'display_name': 'Mayo Clinic', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02qp3tb03', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1330342723']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Cynthia T. McMurray', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905', 'Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905', 'Molecular Neuroscience Program, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1330342723']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Molecular Neuroscience Program, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1330342723']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1330342723']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5058921608'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I1330342723'], 'apc_list': {'value': 2500, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2500, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 2500, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2500, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 1.119, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 24, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.56042, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 87, 'max': 88}, 'biblio': {'volume': '279', 'issue': '10', 'first_page': '9389', 'last_page': '9391'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10949', 'display_name': 'Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10949', 'display_name': 'Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10441', 'display_name': 'Muscle Physiology and Disorders', 'score': 0.9566, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10123', 'display_name': 'DNA Repair Mechanisms', 'score': 0.9498, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781087480', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17145', 'display_name': 'Sperm', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6334419}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C196843134', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33196', 'display_name': 'Embryo', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5878084}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199978012', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273815', 'display_name': 'Bearing (navigation)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5479824}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780647506', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190564', 'display_name': "Huntington's disease", 'level': 3, 'score': 0.54718643}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5165381}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.51424235}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C761482', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093', 'display_name': 'Transmission (telecommunications)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4589608}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.40556255}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779134260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136', 'display_name': 'Disease', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.39541048}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C16685009', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335057', 'display_name': 'Andrology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37798387}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.21408042}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.18728116}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.15428972}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.10344243}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C76155785', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418', 'display_name': 'Telecommunications', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.055084765}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1276947', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333', 'display_name': 'Astronomy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D006816', 'descriptor_name': 'Huntington Disease', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014960', 'descriptor_name': 'X Chromosome', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014998', 'descriptor_name': 'Y Chromosome', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004622', 'descriptor_name': 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004622', 'descriptor_name': 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006816', 'descriptor_name': 'Huntington Disease', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006816', 'descriptor_name': 'Huntington Disease', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000196', 'qualifier_name': 'embryology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006816', 'descriptor_name': 'Huntington Disease', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000209', 'qualifier_name': 'etiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051379', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008822', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice, Transgenic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012091', 'descriptor_name': 'Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012737', 'descriptor_name': 'Sex Factors', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013094', 'descriptor_name': 'Spermatozoa', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013094', 'descriptor_name': 'Spermatozoa', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000502', 'qualifier_name': 'physiology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018911', 'descriptor_name': 'Trinucleotide Repeats', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m313080200', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.jbc.org/article/S0021925817478495/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S140251998', 'display_name': 'Journal of Biological Chemistry', 'issn_l': '0021-9258', 'issn': ['0021-9258', '1067-8816', '1083-351X'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14688268', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m313080200', 'pdf_url': 'http://www.jbc.org/article/S0021925817478495/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S140251998', 'display_name': 'Journal of Biological Chemistry', 'issn_l': '0021-9258', 'issn': ['0021-9258', '1067-8816', '1083-351X'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 22, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1531485638', 'https://openalex.org/W1561540396', 'https://openalex.org/W1607507751', 'https://openalex.org/W1966489527', 'https://openalex.org/W1966630596', 'https://openalex.org/W1969635765', 'https://openalex.org/W1993191686', 'https://openalex.org/W2012481532', 'https://openalex.org/W2022257681', 'https://openalex.org/W2062682951', 'https://openalex.org/W2091718095', 'https://openalex.org/W2094847130', 'https://openalex.org/W2098670658', 'https://openalex.org/W2098692072', 'https://openalex.org/W2106378032', 'https://openalex.org/W2119588553', 'https://openalex.org/W2123179257', 'https://openalex.org/W2136427444', 'https://openalex.org/W2151219618', 'https://openalex.org/W2165944043', 'https://openalex.org/W2255469197', 'https://openalex.org/W2339361287'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4323286707', 'https://openalex.org/W2971755608', 'https://openalex.org/W2944695536', 'https://openalex.org/W2410545972', 'https://openalex.org/W2367320353', 'https://openalex.org/W2286578414', 'https://openalex.org/W2082266812', 'https://openalex.org/W2047695780', 'https://openalex.org/W2024683308', 'https://openalex.org/W1984230762'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0, 88, 176, 501, 757, 766, 930, 933, 1021, 1073, 1174, 1199, 1213, 1227, 1498, 1516, 1551, 1878], 'size': [1, 89, 718, 1632, 2160], 'of': [2, 18, 51, 68, 90, 106, 139, 156, 222, 227, 715, 727, 769, 814, 845, 888, 904, 913, 951, 993, 1162, 1369, 1524, 1555, 1580, 1588, 1623, 1633, 1644, 1808, 1837, 2030, 2194, 2209, 2231, 2239, 2259, 2278], 'the': [3, 7, 16, 19, 22, 25, 41, 46, 63, 86, 91, 95, 104, 107, 110, 113, 129, 134, 151, 174, 223, 230, 249, 432, 631, 720, 725, 728, 761, 786, 810, 815, 885, 911, 938, 949, 1004, 1029, 1070, 1083, 1221, 1284, 1377, 1441, 1444, 1486, 1506, 1525, 1543, 1556, 1631, 1634, 1638, 1642, 1645, 1770, 1809, 1832, 1838, 1863, 1895, 1900, 1991, 2028, 2031, 2166, 2172, 2179, 2191, 2214, 2222, 2232, 2236, 2243, 2266, 2276], 'CAG': [4, 59, 81, 92, 147, 169, 716, 777, 859, 889, 1091, 1108, 1285, 1864, 2240], 'tract': [5, 93], 'at': [6, 94, 937, 1025, 1078, 1427], "Huntington's": [8, 96, 187, 202], 'disease': [9, 97, 367], '(HD)': [10, 98], 'locus': [11, 99], 'upon': [12, 100], 'transmission': [13, 101, 504, 1738], 'depends': [14, 102, 2262], 'on': [15, 103, 724, 1376, 1831, 2190, 2263], 'gender': [17, 105, 231, 502, 726, 767, 1810, 2032, 2224], 'parent.': [20, 108], 'However,': [21, 109, 220], 'basis': [23, 111, 759], 'for': [24, 112, 178, 760, 900, 948, 1165, 1193, 2213], 'parent-of-origin': [26, 114, 762], 'effect': [27, 115, 763], 'is': [28, 116, 217, 229, 234, 764, 1804, 1891, 2171, 2199], 'unknown.': [29, 117, 765], 'To': [30, 118, 1250], 'test': [31, 119, 1251, 1598], 'whether': [32, 120, 1252, 1826, 1848], 'expansion': [33, 121, 179, 228, 712, 770, 793, 872, 1253, 1803, 1880], 'and': [34, 48, 65, 122, 136, 153, 213, 395, 397, 430, 713, 752, 782, 812, 817, 837, 847, 864, 879, 997, 1010, 1028, 1047, 1080, 1095, 1102, 1107, 1145, 1167, 1187, 1196, 1220, 1231, 1254, 1262, 1274, 1334, 1371, 1432, 1494, 1505, 1532, 1536, 1547, 1553, 1559, 1570, 1576, 1582, 1652, 1714, 1763, 1834, 1850, 1856, 1869, 1887, 2091, 2206, 2245, 2268], 'contraction': [35, 123, 714, 1255], 'in': [36, 40, 62, 80, 85, 124, 128, 150, 168, 173, 180, 195, 210, 240, 252, 435, 509, 719, 750, 755, 776, 780, 788, 799, 862, 910, 916, 1007, 1033, 1069, 1121, 1256, 1260, 1287, 1340, 1343, 1530, 1590, 1661, 1734, 1742, 1745, 1773, 1867, 1893, 1899, 1995, 2034, 2163, 2178, 2197, 2201, 2265], 'HD': [37, 52, 125, 140, 181, 253, 624, 852, 952, 1257, 1663], 'are': [38, 126, 243, 747, 868, 1258, 1350, 1732, 1852, 1873, 1993], '"imprinted"': [39, 127, 1259], 'germ': [42, 130, 633, 849, 1264, 2195], 'cells,': [43, 131, 1265], 'we': [44, 56, 132, 144, 709, 833, 1266, 1282, 1845], 'isolated': [45, 133, 1557], 'X-': [47, 64, 135, 152, 781, 816, 846, 863, 1094, 1235, 1273, 1333, 1558, 1581, 1651, 1855, 1868], 'Y-bearing': [49, 66, 137, 154, 783, 818, 848, 865, 1096, 1237, 1275, 1335, 1503, 1560, 1583, 1653, 1857, 1870], 'sperm': [50, 138, 819, 867, 1097, 1175, 1336, 1504, 1512, 1534, 1561, 1872], 'transgenic': [53, 141, 510, 625, 853, 920, 1715], 'mice.': [54, 142, 854], 'Here': [55, 143], 'show': [57, 76, 145, 164, 856], 'that': [58, 77, 146, 165, 233, 711, 858, 884, 906, 1205, 1332, 1629, 1660, 1862, 2184, 2221, 2261], 'repeat': [60, 82, 148, 170, 241, 717, 778, 789, 860, 1109, 1286, 1341, 1619, 1646, 1828, 1865, 1879, 1997, 2161, 2180], 'distributions': [61, 149, 861, 1620, 1866], 'spermatozoa': [67, 155, 1037, 1228, 1276, 1374, 1442, 1479, 1584], 'founding': [69, 157], 'fathers': [70, 158], 'do': [71, 159], 'not': [72, 160, 218, 825, 869, 1338, 1356, 1814, 1874, 2227], 'differ.': [73, 161], 'These': [74, 162, 1353, 2211, 2252], 'data': [75, 163, 897, 915, 1992, 2025, 2212, 2253], 'gender-dependent': [78, 166, 886, 2237], 'changes': [79, 167, 239, 2177, 2203], 'length': [83, 171, 1998], 'arise': [84, 172, 1768], 'embryo.': [87, 175], 'mechanism': [177], '1The': [182], 'abbreviations': [183, 198], 'used': [184, 199, 838, 1616, 2158], 'are:': [185, 200], 'HD,': [186, 201], 'disease;': [188, 203], 'FACS,': [189, 204], 'fluorescence-activated': [190, 205], 'cell': [191, 206, 2040], 'sorting;': [192, 207], 'FISH,': [193, 208], 'fluorescence': [194, 209, 1074, 1424], 'situ': [196, 211], 'hybridization.1The': [197], 'hybridization.': [212], 'other': [214, 917], 'trinucleotide': [215], 'disorders': [216], 'known.': [219], 'one': [221], 'poorly': [224], 'understood': [225], 'features': [226], 'bias': [232, 503, 2033, 2225], 'associated': [235], 'with': [236, 1012, 1042, 1065, 1179, 1190, 1209, 1218, 1224, 1244, 1390, 1481, 1637, 1854, 2273], 'transmission.': [237, 1841], 'Large': [238], 'number': [242], 'known': [244], 'to': [245, 622, 774, 804, 841, 1049, 1082, 1271, 1358, 1364, 1439, 1443, 1617, 1740, 1767, 1825, 2026, 2159, 2168, 2174, 2229, 2249, 2255, 2275], 'be': [246, 772, 908], 'transmitted': [247], 'through': [248, 431, 630, 1019, 1086, 1769], 'paternal': [250, 1771], 'line': [251, 434, 634, 1772], '(1Ridley': [254], 'R.M.': [255], 'Frith': [256], 'C.D.': [257], 'Crow': [258], 'T.J.': [259, 299], 'Conneally': [260], 'P.M.': [261], 'J.': [262, 279, 387, 486, 593, 680, 1672, 1689, 1948, 2049, 2066], 'Med.': [263, 280], 'Genet.': [264, 281, 313, 358, 389, 421, 465, 492, 520, 541, 612, 643, 664, 699, 738, 969, 983, 1136, 1151, 1298, 1319, 1607, 1674, 1705, 1722, 1755, 1911, 1932, 1967, 1981, 2012, 2051, 2082, 2101, 2126, 2147], '1988;': [265], '25:': [266], '589-595Crossref': [267], 'PubMed': [268, 285, 317, 425, 469, 496, 545, 581, 616, 668, 703, 973, 987, 1140, 1155, 1323, 1455, 1470, 1709, 1726, 1797, 1936, 1971, 1985, 2086, 2105, 2130, 2151], 'Scopus': [269, 286, 318, 362, 426, 470, 497, 524, 546, 582, 617, 647, 669, 704, 742, 974, 988, 1141, 1156, 1302, 1324, 1416, 1456, 1471, 1611, 1710, 1727, 1759, 1798, 1915, 1937, 1972, 1986, 2016, 2087, 2106, 2131, 2152], '(123)': [270], 'Google': [271, 288, 320, 364, 393, 428, 472, 499, 526, 548, 584, 619, 649, 671, 706, 744, 976, 990, 1143, 1158, 1304, 1326, 1418, 1458, 1473, 1613, 1678, 1712, 1729, 1761, 1800, 1917, 1939, 1974, 1988, 2018, 2055, 2089, 2108, 2133, 2154], 'Scholar,': [272, 473, 527, 549, 585, 650, 672, 977, 1305, 1459, 1679, 1918, 1940, 1975, 2056, 2109, 2134], '2Trottier': [273], 'Y.': [274, 373, 565, 2136], 'Biancalana': [275], 'V.': [276, 601, 688, 1956], 'Mandel': [277], 'J.-L.': [278], '1994;': [282], '31:': [283], '377-382Crossref': [284], '(155)': [287], 'Scholar),': [289, 321, 365, 394, 1762], 'SCA1': [290], '(3Orr': [291], 'H.T.': [292], 'Chung': [293], 'M.Y.': [294], 'Banfi': [295], 'S.': [296, 334, 356, 371, 385, 1683, 2060], 'Kwiatkowski': [297], 'Jr.,': [298], 'Servadio': [300], 'A.': [301, 342, 348, 404, 533, 559, 595, 597, 656, 682, 684, 961, 1128, 1311, 1406, 1789, 1924, 1950, 1952], 'Beaudet': [302], 'A.L.': [303, 607, 694, 1962], 'McCall': [304], 'A.E.': [305, 408], 'Duvick': [306], 'L.A.': [307, 1400, 1448, 1465], 'Ranum': [308], 'L.P.': [309], 'Zoghbi': [310], 'H.Y.': [311], 'Nat.': [312, 357, 420, 464, 491, 540, 663, 968, 982, 1135, 1150, 1318, 1721, 1931, 1980], '1993;': [314, 359, 466, 1413], '4:': [315, 467], '221-226Crossref': [316], '(1449)': [319], 'dentatorubral-pallidoluysian': [322], 'atrophy': [323, 400], '(DRPLA)': [324], '(4Koide': [325], 'R.': [326, 340, 381, 412, 479, 535, 658, 963, 1130, 1313, 1926], 'Ikeuchi': [327], 'T.': [328, 344, 350, 369], 'Onodera': [329, 374], 'O.': [330, 375, 1783], 'Tanaka': [331, 382], 'H.': [332, 338, 352, 379, 383, 567, 1691, 2068], 'Igarashi': [333, 370], 'Endo': [335], 'M.': [336, 346, 377, 537, 555, 563, 603, 660, 690, 965, 1132, 1315, 1698, 1787, 1928, 1958, 2075, 2121], 'Takahashi': [337], 'Kondo': [339], 'Ishikawa': [341], 'Hayashi': [343], 'Saito': [345], 'Tomoda': [347], 'Miike': [349], 'Naito': [351], 'Ikuta': [353], 'F.': [354, 1791], 'Tsuji': [355, 384], '6:': [360], '9-13Crossref': [361], '(1031)': [363], 'Machado-Joseph': [366], '(5Ikeuchi': [368], 'Takiyama': [372], 'Oyake': [376], 'Takano': [378], 'Koide': [380], 'Am.': [386, 1671, 2048], 'Hum.': [388, 518, 610, 641, 697, 736, 1296, 1411, 1605, 1673, 1703, 1753, 1792, 1909, 1965, 2010, 2050, 2080, 2099, 2124, 2145], '1996;': [390, 573, 1675, 2052], '58:': [391], '730-733PubMed': [392], 'spinal': [396], 'bulbar': [398], 'muscular': [399], '(SBMA)': [401], '(6La': [402], 'Spada': [403], 'Roling': [405], 'D.B.': [406], 'Harding': [407], 'Warner': [409], 'C.L.': [410], 'Spiegel': [411], 'Hausmanowa': [413], 'Petrusewicz': [414], 'I.': [415, 1785], 'Yee': [416], 'W.C.': [417], 'Fischbeck': [418], 'K.H.': [419], '1992;': [422], '2:': [423], '301-304Crossref': [424], '(315)': [427], 'Scholar)': [429, 1327, 1614, 1713, 1730, 2019, 2090, 2155], 'maternal': [433], 'Fragile': [436], 'X': [437, 878, 1166, 1195, 1214, 1370, 1533, 1569, 1833, 1886, 2205, 2244], '(7Reyniers': [438], 'E.': [439, 453, 482, 2113], 'Vits': [440], 'L.': [441, 529, 551, 652, 957, 1124, 1307, 1781, 1920, 2096, 2111, 2117], 'De': [442], 'Boulle': [443], 'K.': [444, 531, 553, 654, 959, 1126, 1309, 1404, 1922], 'Van': [445, 448], 'Roy': [446], 'B.': [447, 461, 557, 1776], 'Velzen': [449], 'D.': [450], 'de': [451, 480, 1696, 2073], 'Graaff': [452, 481], 'Verkerk': [454], 'A.J.': [455], 'Jorens': [456], 'H.Z.': [457], 'Darby': [458], 'J.K.': [459, 591, 678, 1946], 'Oostra': [460, 489], 'Willems': [462], 'P.J.': [463, 2119], '143-146Crossref': [468], '(243)': [471], '8Malter': [474], 'H.E.': [475], 'Ilber': [476], 'J.C.': [477, 484], 'Willemsen': [478], 'Tarleton': [483], 'Leisti': [485], 'Warren': [487], 'S.T.': [488], 'B.A.': [490], '1997;': [493, 542, 665, 970, 1137, 1320, 1794, 1933], '15:': [494, 543, 666, 971, 1138, 1321, 1934], '165-169Crossref': [495], '(168)': [498], 'Scholar).': [500, 620, 707, 745, 991, 1419, 1474, 1801, 1989], 'has': [505, 1656, 1813], 'also': [506], 'been': [507, 1657, 1815, 2157], 'documented': [508, 1659], 'mice': [511, 626, 922, 1716, 1746, 2198], '(9Kovtun': [512, 635, 730, 1290, 1599, 1747, 1903, 2004], 'I.V.': [513, 636, 731, 979, 1147, 1291, 1600, 1718, 1748, 1904, 1977, 2005], 'Therneau': [514, 637, 732, 1292, 1601, 1749, 1905, 2006], 'T.M.': [515, 638, 733, 1293, 1602, 1750, 1906, 2007], 'McMurray': [516, 639, 734, 980, 1148, 1294, 1603, 1719, 1751, 1907, 1978, 2008], 'C.T.': [517, 640, 735, 981, 1149, 1295, 1604, 1720, 1752, 1908, 1979, 2009], 'Mol.': [519, 611, 642, 698, 737, 1297, 1606, 1704, 1754, 1910, 1966, 2011, 2081, 2100, 2125, 2146], '2000;': [521, 644, 739, 1299, 1608, 1756, 1912, 2013, 2102], '9:': [522, 645, 740, 1300, 1609, 1757, 1913, 2014, 2103], '2667-2775Crossref': [523, 646, 741, 1301, 1610, 1758, 1914, 2015], '(54)': [525, 648, 743, 1303, 1612, 1760, 1916, 2017], '10Mangiarini': [528, 651, 1123, 1306, 1919], 'Sathasivam': [530, 552, 653, 958, 1125, 1308, 1921], 'Mahal': [532, 655, 960, 1127, 1310, 1923], 'Mott': [534, 657, 962, 1129, 1312, 1925], 'Seller': [536, 554, 659, 964, 1131, 1314, 1927], 'Bates': [538, 570, 661, 966, 1133, 1316, 1929], 'G.P.': [539, 571, 662, 967, 1134, 1317, 1930], '197-200Crossref': [544, 667, 972, 1139, 1322, 1935], '(256)': [547, 670, 975, 1142, 1325, 1938], '11Mangiarini': [550], 'Cozens': [556], 'Harper': [558], 'Hetherington': [560], 'C.': [561], 'Lawton': [562], 'Trottier': [564], 'Lehrach': [566], 'Davies': [568], 'S.W.': [569], 'Cell.': [572], '87:': [574], '493-506Abstract': [575], 'Full': [576, 578], 'Text': [577, 579], 'PDF': [580], '(2535)': [583], '12Wheeler': [586, 673, 1941], 'V.C.': [587, 674, 1942], 'Auerbach': [588, 594, 675, 681, 1943, 1949], 'W.': [589, 676, 1461, 1944], 'White': [590, 677, 1945], 'Srinidhi': [592, 679, 1688, 1947, 2065], 'Ryan': [596, 683, 1951], 'Duyao': [598, 685, 1953], 'M.P.': [599, 686, 1954], 'Vrbanac': [600, 687, 1955], 'Weaver': [602, 689, 1957], 'Gusella': [604, 691, 1694, 1959, 2071], 'J.F.': [605, 692, 1695, 1960, 2072], 'Joyner': [606, 693, 1961], 'MacDonald': [608, 695, 1692, 1963, 2069], 'M.E.': [609, 696, 1693, 1964, 2070], '1999;': [613, 700, 1706, 1968, 2083], '8:': [614, 701, 1707, 1969, 2084], '115-122Crossref': [615, 702, 1970], '(300)': [618, 705, 1973], 'Similar': [621], 'humans,': [623], 'transmit': [627], 'expansions': [628, 1731, 1849], 'predominantly': [629], 'male': [632, 921, 1743], 'Moreover,': [708], 'found': [710, 1331], 'hHD': [721], 'transgene': [722, 953], 'depended': [723], 'progeny': [729, 1744], 'Expansions': [746], 'primarily': [748], 'seen': [749], 'males': [751], 'contractions': [753, 1851], 'dominate': [754], 'females.': [756], 'molecular': [758], 'dependence': [768], 'can': [771, 794], 'due': [773, 1357, 2228], 'differences': [775], 'distribution': [779, 1342, 1643], 'sperm.': [784, 2210, 2234], 'Alternatively,': [785], 'change': [787], 'number,': [790], 'contraction,': [791], 'or': [792, 1236], 'take': [795, 892], 'place': [796, 893], 'after': [797, 1280, 1737], 'fertilization': [798], 'early': [800], 'embryogenesis.': [801], 'In': [802, 830, 1842], 'order': [803], 'distinguish': [805], 'between': [806, 1650, 2204], 'these': [807, 896, 2169], 'two': [808, 1351, 1517, 1624], 'mechanisms,': [809], 'isolation': [811], 'purification': [813], 'were': [820, 926, 945, 1039, 1054, 1098, 1111, 1170, 1177, 1201, 1229, 1355, 1362, 1384, 1540, 1562, 1822], 'required.': [821], 'This,': [822], 'however,': [823, 1812], 'was': [824, 935, 1001, 1017, 1023, 1031, 1076, 1105, 1206, 1216, 1489, 1615, 1648, 2226], 'possible': [826, 1816], 'using': [827, 1056, 1184, 1238, 1386, 1567, 1818, 2023], 'conventional': [828, 1819], 'technology.': [829, 1820], 'present': [831, 1733], 'work,': [832, 1844], 'have': [834, 2001, 2156], 'developed': [835, 1394], 'techniques': [836], 'advanced': [839], 'technology': [840], 'separate': [842, 1272], 'pure': [843, 1367], 'populations': [844, 1368, 1528, 2208], 'cells': [850, 1176, 2196], 'from': [851, 929, 1003, 1477], 'We': [855, 1330, 1361, 1859, 2000, 2182], 'here': [857, 1861], 'parental': [866, 1871, 2233], 'different.': [870], 'Repeat': [871, 1092], 'occurs': [873, 1881], 'equally': [874, 1882], 'well': [875, 1658, 1883], 'within': [876, 1884, 2242], 'both': [877, 1662, 1885], 'Y': [880, 1168, 1197, 1222, 1372, 1531, 1571, 1835, 1888, 2207, 2246], 'chromosomes.': [881, 1198, 1889], 'This': [882], 'indicates': [883], 'processing': [887, 2238], 'repeats': [890, 2241], 'must': [891], 'post-zygotically.': [894, 2251], 'Thus,': [895, 1802], 'provide': [898], 'evidence': [899], 'a': [901, 1013, 1057, 1210, 1239, 1268, 1387, 1428, 1433, 2256], 'new': [902, 1764, 2257], 'kind': [903, 2258], 'imprinting': [905, 2230, 2260], 'may': [907, 2269], 'important': [909], 'interpretation': [912, 2277], 'genetic': [914, 2279], 'systems.': [918], 'Animals—HD': [919], '(line': [923], 'B6CBA-TgN': [924], 'R6/1)': [925], 'originally': [927], 'purchased': [928], 'Jackson': [931], 'Laboratory.': [932], 'colony': [934], 'maintained': [936], 'animal': [939, 1345, 2036], 'core': [940], 'facility,': [941], 'Mayo': [942], 'Clinic/Foundation.': [943], 'Animals': [944], 'routinely': [946], 'screened': [947], 'presence': [950], 'by': [954, 1100, 1113, 1116, 1172, 1395, 1491, 1542, 1564, 1817], 'PCR': [955, 1114, 2094], '(10Mangiarini': [956], '18Kovtun': [978, 1146, 1976], '2001;': [984, 1152, 1723, 1982], '27:': [985, 1153, 1724, 1983], '407-411Crossref': [986, 1154, 1725, 1984], '(235)': [989, 1157, 1728, 1987], 'Preparation': [992], 'Single': [994], 'Cell': [995], 'Suspension': [996], 'Flow': [998], 'Sorting—Mouse': [999], 'epididymis': [1000], 'dissected': [1002], 'animal,': [1005], 'placed': [1006], 'phosphate-buffered': [1008, 1034], 'saline,': [1009], 'chopped': [1011], 'razor.': [1014], 'Resulting': [1015], 'suspension': [1016], 'filtered': [1018], 'cheesecloth.': [1020], 'supernatant': [1022], 'centrifuged': [1024], '1500': [1026], 'rpm,': [1027], 'pellet': [1030], 'resuspended': [1032], 'saline.': [1035], 'Mature': [1036], 'then': [1038], 'sonicated,': [1040], 'stained': [1041], 'Hoechst': [1043], '33342': [1044], '(5': [1045], 'μg/ml),': [1046], 'subjected': [1048], 'FACS': [1050, 1269], 'analysis.': [1051], 'Sperm': [1052], 'samples': [1053, 1592], 'sorted': [1055, 1164, 1625], 'modified': [1058], 'FACSVantage': [1059], '(BD': [1060], 'Biosciences,': [1061], 'San': [1062], 'Jose,': [1063], 'CA)': [1064], 'argon': [1066], 'laser': [1067, 1445], 'operating': [1068], 'ultraviolet': [1071], 'spectrum.': [1072], 'emission': [1075], 'collected': [1077, 1099, 1490, 1548], '0': [1079], '90°': [1081, 1487], 'excitation': [1084], 'source': [1085], '418-nm': [1087], 'long': [1088], 'pass': [1089, 1246], 'filters.': [1090], 'Sizing—Sorted': [1093], 'centrifugation': [1101], 'lysed.': [1103], 'DNA': [1104, 1204, 1380], 'isolated,': [1106], 'lengths': [1110, 2162], 'determined': [1112], 'followed': [1115], 'GeneScan': [1117, 1890, 2024], 'analysis': [1118, 1566, 2022, 2041, 2187], 'as': [1119, 1233, 1393, 1824], 'described': [1120], 'Refs.': [1122], 'Scholar': [1144], 'Scholar.': [1159], 'FISH': [1160, 1565], 'Analysis—Aliquots': [1161], 'spermatozoa,': [1163], 'chromosomes,': [1169], 'analyzed': [1171], 'double-FISH.': [1173], 'decondensed': [1178], '10': [1180], 'mm': [1181], 'dithiothreitol,': [1182], 'denatured': [1183], '70%': [1185], 'formamide,': [1186], 'subsequently': [1188], 'hybridized': [1189], 'specific': [1191, 1391, 1568], 'probes': [1192, 1200, 1572], 'mouse': [1194], 'centromere-specific': [1202], 'α-satellite': [1203], 'directly': [1207, 1846], 'labeled': [1208, 1217], 'fluorescent': [1211], 'dye.': [1212], 'chromosome': [1215, 1223], 'SpectrumOrange': [1219], 'SpectrumGreen': [1225], '(Imagenetics).': [1226], 'visualized': [1230], 'classified': [1232], 'either': [1234], 'Nikon': [1240], 'Optiphot-2': [1241], 'microscope': [1242], 'equipped': [1243], 'dual': [1245], 'fluorescein': [1247], 'isothiocyanate/rhodamine': [1248], 'filter.': [1249], 'Y-': [1261], 'X-bearing': [1263, 1511], 'adapted': [1267], 'approach': [1270], '(Fig.': [1277, 1328, 1347, 1513, 1520, 1549, 1573, 1593, 1621, 1876], '1,': [1278, 1514], 'A–C),': [1279], 'which': [1281], 'sized': [1283], 'each': [1288], 'population': [1289, 1359, 2193], '1D).': [1329, 1877], 'did': [1337], 'differ': [1339], 'any': [1344], 'tested': [1346, 1591, 1847], '1D;': [1348], 'shown': [1349], 'animals).': [1352], 'results': [1354], 'mixing.': [1360], 'able': [1363], 'isolate': [1365], 'successfully': [1366], 'chromosome-bearing': [1373], 'based': [1375], '2.8–3%': [1378], 'total': [1379, 2192], 'content': [1381], 'differences.': [1382], 'Isolations': [1383], 'performed': [1385], 'flow': [1388], 'cytometer': [1389], 'modifications': [1392], 'Johnson': [1396, 1464], 'et': [1397], 'al.': [1398], '(13Johnson': [1399], 'Welch': [1401, 1462], 'G.R.': [1402, 1463], 'Keyvanfar': [1403], 'Dorfmann': [1405], 'Fugger': [1407], 'E.F.': [1408], 'Schulman': [1409], 'J.D.': [1410], 'Reprod.': [1412, 1449], '10:': [1414, 1795], '1733-1739Crossref': [1415], '(138)': [1417], 'Modifications': [1420], 'included': [1421], 'an': [1422, 2218], 'additional': [1423], 'detector': [1425, 1488, 1493], 'positioned': [1426], 'right': [1429, 1508, 1537], 'angle': [1430], '(90°)': [1431], 'novel': [1434], 'sample': [1435], 'injection': [1436], 'tip': [1437], 'designed': [1438], '"orient"': [1440], 'beam': [1446], '(14Johnson': [1447], 'Fertil.': [1450], 'Dev.': [1451], '1995;': [1452], '7:': [1453], '893-903Crossref': [1454], '(96)': [1457, 1711, 2088], '15Rens': [1460], 'Cytometry.': [1466], '1998;': [1467], '33:': [1468], '476-481Crossref': [1469], '(49)': [1472], 'Fluorescent': [1475], 'signal': [1476], 'Hoechst-stained': [1478], 'oriented': [1480], 'their': [1482], 'brightest': [1483], 'edge': [1484], 'toward': [1485], '0°': [1492], 'showed': [1495], 'bimodal': [1496], 'distribution.': [1497], 'smaller': [1499], 'left': [1500], 'peak': [1501, 1509], 'comprised': [1502, 1510], 'larger': [1507], 'A–C).': [1515], 'peaks': [1518, 1526], 'overlap': [1519], '1B).': [1521], 'Non-overlapping': [1522], 'areas': [1523], 'representing': [1527], 'enriched': [1529], '(left': [1535], 'peak,': [1538], 'respectively)': [1539], 'selected': [1541], 'electronic': [1544], 'sort': [1545], 'windows': [1546], '1C).': [1550], 'purity': [1552], 'accuracy': [1554], 'confirmed': [1563, 1628], '2,': [1574], 'A': [1575], 'B).': [1577], 'Mean': [1578], 'percentages': [1579], 'indicate': [1585], '94–95%': [1586], 'efficiency': [1587], 'separation': [1589], '2A).': [1594], 'Nonparametric': [1595], 'Wilcoxon': [1596], 'Mann-Whitney': [1597], 'compare': [1618], '1D)': [1622], 'populations.': [1626, 2037], 'Analysis': [1627], 'neither': [1630], 'midpoint': [1635], '(peak': [1636], 'largest': [1639], 'area)': [1640], 'nor': [1641], 'sizes': [1647, 1829, 1898], 'different': [1649, 1875], 'spermatozoa.': [1654, 1735, 1858], 'It': [1655], 'patients': [1664], '(16Leeflang': [1665, 2042], 'E.P.': [1666, 1681, 2043, 2058], 'McPeek': [1667, 2044], 'M.S.': [1668, 2045], 'Arnheim': [1669, 1701, 2046, 2078], 'N.': [1670, 1702, 2047, 2079], '59:': [1676, 2053], '896-904PubMed': [1677, 2054], '17Leeflang': [1680, 2057], 'Tavare': [1682, 2059], 'Marjoram': [1684, 2061], 'P.': [1685, 2062], 'Neal': [1686, 2063], 'C.O.': [1687, 2064], 'MacFarlane': [1690, 2067], 'Young': [1697, 2074], 'Wexler': [1699, 2076], 'N.S.': [1700, 2077], '173-183Crossref': [1708, 2085], '(18Kovtun': [1717], 'Repeats': [1736], 'tend': [1739, 1766], 'expand': [1741], 'mutations': [1765], 'humans': [1774], '(19Giovannone': [1775], 'Sabbadini': [1777], 'G.': [1778], 'Di': [1779], 'Maio': [1780], 'Calabrese': [1782], 'Castaldo': [1784], 'Frontali': [1786], 'Novelletto': [1788], 'Squitieri': [1790], 'Mutat.': [1793], '458-464Crossref': [1796], '(30)': [1799], 'gender-biased.': [1805], 'Direct': [1806], 'testing': [1807], 'dependence,': [1811], 'Questions': [1821], 'raised': [1823], 'altered': [1827], 'existed': [1830], 'chromosomes': [1836, 2247], 'parent': [1839], 'before': [1840], 'this': [1843], 'segregated': [1853], 'demonstrate': [1860], 'accurate': [1892, 2200], 'showing': [1894], 'most': [1896], 'prevalent': [1897], 'heterogeneous': [1901], 'pool': [1902, 2093], 'Therefore,': [1990], 'clear': [1994], 'evaluating': [1996], 'alterations.': [1999], 'reported': [2002], 'previously': [2003], 'rigorous': [2020], 'statistical': [2021], 'establish': [2027], 'significance': [2029], 'whole': [2035], 'Although': [2038], 'single': [2039], 'small': [2092], '(20Kennedy': [2095], 'Shelbourne': [2097, 2122], 'P.F.': [2098, 2123], '2539-2544Crossref': [2104], '(157)': [2107], '21Kennedy': [2110], 'Evans': [2112], 'Chen': [2114], 'C.M.': [2115], 'Craven': [2116], 'Detloff': [2118], 'Ennis': [2120], '2003;': [2127], '12:': [2128], '3359-3367Crossref': [2129], '(230)': [2132], '22Zhang': [2135], 'Monckton': [2137], 'D.G.': [2138], 'Siciliano': [2139], 'M.J.': [2140], 'Connor': [2141], 'T.H.': [2142], 'Meistrich': [2143], 'M.L.': [2144], '2002;': [2148], '11:': [2149], '791-798Crossref': [2150], '(27)': [2153], 'human': [2164], 'studies,': [2165], 'advantage': [2167], 'methods': [2170], 'ability': [2173], 'detect': [2175], 'rare': [2176], 'sizes.': [2181], 'find': [2183], 'gene': [2185], 'scan': [2186], 'carried': [2188], 'out': [2189], 'distinguishing': [2202], 'first': [2215], 'time': [2216], 'allow': [2217], 'unequivocal': [2219], 'demonstration': [2220], 'observed': [2223], 'Rather,': [2235], 'appears': [2248], 'occur': [2250], 'point': [2254], 'signals': [2264], 'embryo': [2267], 'influence': [2270], 'far-reaching': [2271], 'implications': [2272], 'respect': [2274], 'data.': [2280]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2014879586', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-12T02:32:42.860055', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}