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295, 303, 323, 331, 339, 376, 379, 437, 442, 462, 515, 536, 621, 629, 642, 654, 665, 668, 701, 705, 708, 723, 727, 759, 770, 776, 779, 819, 838, 897, 906, 919, 922, 927, 931, 966, 981, 1019, 1024, 1058, 1073, 1079, 1083, 1091, 1099, 1107, 1114, 1123, 1126, 1130, 1156, 1160, 1176, 1185, 1194, 1226, 1241, 1282, 1310, 1337, 1342, 1359, 1385, 1394, 1422, 1428, 1442, 1445, 1449, 1483, 1494, 1534, 1543, 1555, 1559, 1568, 1572, 1581, 1586, 1597, 1611, 1642, 1647, 1657, 1661, 1667, 1671, 1675, 1683, 1688, 1713, 1721, 1730, 1739, 1744, 1748, 1757, 1767, 1771, 1776, 1779, 1783, 1793, 1807, 1826, 1832, 1841, 1847, 1886, 1891, 1931, 1955, 1969, 1976, 1981, 1994, 2003, 2007, 2015, 2029, 2048, 2064, 2081, 2084, 2194, 2212, 2220, 2223, 2236, 2242, 2246, 2253, 2267, 2297, 2328, 2336, 2339, 2350, 2354, 2358, 2361, 2376, 2379, 2391, 2396, 2403, 2406, 2416, 2420, 2425, 2429, 2434, 2438, 2448, 2452, 2458, 2475, 2484, 2491, 2503, 2519, 2529, 2533, 2538, 2549, 2554, 2557, 2561, 2566, 2569, 2579, 2583, 2587, 2606, 2611, 2616, 2621, 2625, 2631, 2634, 2639, 2651, 2654, 2660, 2666, 2677, 2681, 2689, 2719, 2725, 2730, 2745, 2777, 2814, 2836, 2842, 2889, 2898, 2942, 2982, 2992, 2995, 3006, 3021, 3027, 3030, 3036, 3070, 3076, 3081, 3084, 3088, 3106, 3132, 3137, 3144, 3152, 3156, 3191, 3199, 3232, 3249, 3253, 3268, 3280, 3283, 3289, 3302, 3311, 3321, 3333, 3336, 3346, 3357, 3361, 3369, 3395, 3405, 3419, 3442], 'hallmark': [61], 'important': [64, 281, 317, 373, 594, 638, 756, 1901, 1905, 1973, 2035, 2261, 2674, 3192, 3354], 'subset': [65], 'effectors': [67, 115, 301, 2046, 2852, 3272], 'for': [68, 84, 92, 98, 110, 283, 375, 514, 571, 707, 758, 821, 828, 841, 944, 989, 1029, 1111, 1147, 1154, 1172, 1296, 1354, 1406, 1532, 1596, 1702, 1925, 2193, 2205, 2266, 2294, 2348, 2451, 2518, 2565, 2800, 2888, 3122, 3210, 3273], 'Cdc42': [69, 85, 118, 195, 265, 306, 388, 465, 625, 900, 939, 997, 1433, 1691, 2089, 2385, 2469, 2590, 2823, 2882, 3039, 3204, 3227, 3274], 'Rac': [71, 87, 120, 308, 390, 627, 2884], '(Figure': [72, 1473, 1709], '1).': [73, 212], 'This': [74, 161, 833, 1285, 2715, 2978, 3238], 'sequence': [76, 107, 192, 229, 1097, 1497, 1609, 1645, 2937, 2979, 3140, 3180, 3298], 'forms': [77, 1387, 1451, 2196, 2400], 'part': [78, 1331, 1366, 1462, 2446], 'limit': [81, 691, 1080, 1108, 1569], 'domain': [83, 908, 936, 1022, 1027, 1081, 1109, 1187, 1237, 1404, 1417, 1485, 1588, 1659, 1673, 1760, 1785, 1795, 1996, 2393, 2441, 2478, 2505, 2540, 2585, 2636, 2656, 2668, 2691, 2721, 3202, 3214, 3251, 3313, 3338], '(also': [88], 'called': [89], 'PBD': [91, 296, 1021, 1084, 1124, 1395, 2213, 2238, 2337], 'p21': [93], 'domain,': [95, 2488, 3158], 'GBD': [97], 'GTPase': [99], 'domain),': [101], 'residues': [103], 'are': [108, 271, 512, 567, 602, 686, 731, 941, 1456, 1480, 2034, 2059, 2325, 2346, 2511, 2517, 2753, 2912, 2926, 3426], 'essential': [109], 'interaction': [112, 1017, 1112, 1584, 1669], 'GTP-bound': [117, 679], 'or': [119, 292, 389, 626, 1920, 2056, 2768, 2883, 2894, 3079, 3143, 3183], '(16Rudolph': [121], 'M.G': [122], 'Bayer': [123], 'P': [124], 'Abo': [125, 484], 'A': [126, 132, 245, 485, 526, 650, 1270, 2108, 2167, 2277, 2300], 'Kuhlmann': [127], 'J': [128], 'Vetter': [129], 'I.R': [130], 'Wittinghofer': [131], 'J.': [133, 246, 2787], 'Biol.': [134, 247, 358, 421, 1209, 1626, 2182, 2315, 2789, 2964], 'Chem.': [135, 248], '1998;': [136, 1046], '273:': [137], '18067-18076Crossref': [138], 'PubMed': [139, 156, 184, 252, 367, 430, 495, 555, 813, 863, 1049, 1213, 1265, 1635, 1876, 2119, 2142, 2161, 2186, 2288, 2319, 2710, 2793, 2973], 'Scopus': [140, 157, 185, 253, 368, 431, 496, 556, 814, 864, 1050, 1214, 1266, 1636, 1877, 2120, 2143, 2162, 2187, 2289, 2320, 2711, 2794, 2974], '(119)': [141], 'Google': [142, 159, 187, 255, 370, 433, 498, 558, 816, 866, 1052, 1216, 1268, 1638, 1879, 2122, 2145, 2164, 2189, 2291, 2322, 2713, 2796, 2976], 'Scholar,': [143, 2123, 2146, 2165], '15Owen': [144], 'D': [145, 243, 2127, 2129, 2148, 2173, 2175, 2306, 2308], 'Mott': [146, 2170, 2303], 'H.R': [147, 2125, 2171, 2304], 'Laue': [148, 2136, 2178, 2311], 'E.D': [149, 2137, 2179, 2312], 'Lowe': [150, 2130, 2176, 2309], 'P.N': [151, 2131, 2177, 2310], 'Biochemistry.': [152, 2157], '2000;': [153, 803, 860, 2158, 2183, 2316, 2707], '39:': [154, 2159], '1243-1250Crossref': [155], '(56)': [158, 432, 1637], 'Scholar).': [160, 256, 371, 499, 1053, 1269, 1639, 1880, 2714, 2797, 2977], 'region': [162, 233, 1102, 1575, 1614, 2256, 2436], 'was': [163, 1086, 1104, 1188, 1287, 2988], 'first': [164, 1352, 2237, 2332, 2626], 'identified': [165, 217, 1105], 'Lim': [167, 178, 549, 2134], 'colleagues': [169], '(11Manser': [170], 'E': [171, 417, 542, 1622, 2133], 'Leung': [172, 543], 'T': [173, 544, 1040, 1044], 'Salihuddin': [174, 545], 'H': [175, 546, 1038], 'Zhao': [176], 'Z': [177], 'L': [179, 548, 550, 2135], 'Nature.': [180, 551, 859, 1045, 2115, 2138, 2284, 2706], '1994;': [181], '367:': [182], '40-46Crossref': [183], '(1261)': [186], 'Scholar)': [188, 434, 559, 2292, 2323], 'in': [193, 347, 405, 501, 509, 596, 605, 611, 658, 726, 741, 783, 881, 926, 953, 1246, 1281, 1398, 1410, 1448, 1519, 1618, 1660, 1687, 1695, 1738, 1747, 1790, 1806, 1850, 1857, 1913, 1916, 1930, 1968, 1980, 2036, 2062, 2257, 2532, 2586, 2610, 2676, 2757, 2776, 2812, 2991, 3087, 3341, 3385, 3392], 'two': [194, 690, 949, 1131, 1373, 1836, 1899, 1940, 1944, 2067], 'effectors,': [196, 2840], 'serine/threonine': [198, 380, 780], 'kinase': [199, 202, 207, 211, 327, 341, 381, 399, 781, 1196, 1229, 1236, 1535, 1714, 1734, 1941, 1960, 2030, 2534, 2985, 3114, 3157], 'PAK-1': [200], '(p21-activated': [201], '1)': [203], 'tyrosine': [206, 538, 575, 3109], 'ACK-1': [208, 540], '(activated': [209], 'Cdc42-associated': [210], 'Subsequently,': [213], 'Hall': [214, 244], 'coworkers': [216], 'host': [219], 'candidate': [221], 'Cdc42/Rac': [222, 3448], 'on': [225, 1175], 'basis': [227, 282, 820, 2816, 3443], 'homology': [230, 1101, 1574, 1613], 'to': [231, 309, 330, 386, 391, 440, 466, 505, 579, 582, 689, 737, 902, 1001, 1013, 1056, 1090, 1190, 1221, 1336, 1350, 1363, 1420, 1427, 1436, 1515, 1567, 1650, 1682, 1705, 1775, 1803, 1854, 1952, 1991, 2091, 2415, 2457, 2482, 2497, 2527, 2648, 2671, 2722, 2763, 2928, 2938, 3005, 3015, 3040, 3061, 3136, 3151, 3162, 3231, 3308, 3329, 3355, 3437], 'this': [232, 750, 935, 961, 985, 1062, 1333, 1516, 1521, 1563, 1590, 1654, 2012, 2387, 2461, 2466, 2487, 2593, 3212, 3324], 'coined': [235], 'term': [237], '(4Burbelo': [240], 'P.D': [241], 'Drechsel': [242], '1995;': [249], '270:': [250], '29071-29074Crossref': [251], '(544)': [254], 'PAK,': [257, 2098, 3142], 'ACK,': [258], 'third': [261, 527, 1538], 'more': [262, 293, 1707, 3432], 'recently': [263, 843], 'appreciated': [264], 'effector,': [266], 'WASP': [267, 412, 452, 502, 842, 1075, 1148, 1389, 1455, 1507, 1600, 1617, 1694, 2008, 2520, 2693, 2806, 2866, 2895, 2911, 3171, 3200, 3364, 3373], '(Wiscott-Aldrich': [268], 'Syndrome': [269], 'protein),': [270], 'most': [273, 3102], 'well-studied': [274], 'motif–containing': [276], 'provide': [279, 637, 2071, 2887, 3438], 'our': [284], 'understanding': [285, 619, 990, 2813], 'Cdc42/Rac-mediated': [287], 'signaling.': [288, 613], 'motifs,': [291], 'accurately': [294], 'domains,': [297, 1128, 1939, 1942, 1946], 'three': [300, 1470, 1503], 'connect': [302], 'activation': [304, 321, 332, 630, 830, 912, 958, 972, 1438, 1848, 2206, 2646, 2678, 2880, 2891, 3216], 'broad': [311], 'range': [312], 'responses.': [315, 1005], 'One': [316], 'outcome': [318], 'PAK': [320, 782, 945, 974, 1183, 1239, 1276, 1299, 1391, 1453, 1520, 1703, 1762, 1797, 1830, 1914, 2018, 2198, 2510, 2645, 2804, 2864, 2893, 2909, 2932, 3017, 3053, 3077, 3092, 3124, 3164, 3293, 3315, 3322, 3362, 3375], 'initiation': [324, 760], 'cascade': [328], 'leading': [329], 'stress-responsive': [334], 'nuclear': [335], 'MAP': [336], 'kinases': [337, 539, 576, 1249, 1860], 'like': [338, 996, 2803, 2822, 3310], 'c-Jun': [340], 'p38/HOG1': [343], 'accompanying': [345], 'changes': [346, 670, 685, 735, 968, 1430], 'gene': [348], 'expression': [349], '(reviewed': [350, 717, 2956], '2Bagrodia': [352, 2958], 'S': [353, 477, 1200, 1204, 2959], 'Cerione': [354, 2960], 'R.A': [355, 2961], 'Trends': [356, 2962], 'Cell': [357, 2963], '1999;': [359, 422, 1627, 2116, 2139, 2285, 2790, 2965], '9:': [360, 423, 1628, 2966], '350-355Abstract': [361, 2967], 'Full': [362, 364, 425, 427, 490, 492, 808, 810, 1260, 1262, 1630, 1632, 1871, 1873, 2968, 2970], 'Text': [363, 365, 426, 428, 491, 493, 809, 811, 1261, 1263, 1631, 1633, 1872, 1874, 2969, 2971], 'PDF': [366, 429, 494, 812, 1264, 1634, 1875, 2972], '(338)': [369, 2975], 'Other': [372], 'substrates': [374], 'PAKs': [377], 'include': [378], 'Raf,': [382], 'which': [383, 566, 1325, 1957, 2063, 2818, 2850], 'may': [384, 2853, 2886, 3002, 3025, 3074, 3159, 3172, 3401], 'serve': [385, 2526], 'link': [387], 'Ras-induced': [392], 'oncogenesis,': [393], 'well': [395, 836, 978, 1727], 'myosin': [397], 'light-chain': [398], 'other': [401, 1858, 2260, 3099, 3127, 3256], 'cytoskeletal': [402, 507], 'components': [403, 1839], 'participating': [404], 'and/or': [407, 2742], 'Rac-mediated': [408], 'actin': [409, 445, 468, 506], 'rearrangements.': [410], '(3Bi': [416, 1621], 'Zigmond': [418, 1623], 'S.H': [419, 1624], 'Curr.': [420, 1625], 'R160-R163Abstract': [424, 1629], 'interact': [435, 3097], 'Arp2/3': [438, 1619, 1684], 'complex': [439, 1224, 1685, 1708, 2269, 3433], 'initiate': [441, 2824], 'polymerization': [443, 469], 'filaments.': [446], 'Two': [447, 1475], 'closely': [448], 'related': [449, 3057, 3450], 'members,': [451], 'N-WASP,': [454], 'contain': [455, 872, 2867], 'enables': [461], 'stimulate': [467, 3063], '(17Symons': [470], 'M': [471, 789, 2169, 2302], 'Derry': [472], 'J.M.J': [473], 'Karlak': [474], 'B': [475, 2104, 2273], 'Jiang': [476], 'Lemahieu': [478], 'V': [479], 'McCormick': [480], 'F': [481], 'Francke': [482], 'U': [483, 1042], 'Cell.': [486, 802, 1208, 1256, 1867], '1996;': [487, 1210, 1257, 1868], '84:': [488], '723-734Abstract': [489], '(725)': [497], 'Mutations': [500], 'lead': [504, 736, 1435], 'defects': [508], 'hematopoietic': [510], 'cells': [511], 'responsible': [513, 1405, 1531, 1595, 2347], 'clinical': [516], 'characteristics': [517], 'Wiscott-Aldrich': [519], 'syndrome,': [520], 'including': [521, 1184, 2241], 'platelet': [522], 'abnormalities': [523], 'immunodeficiency.': [525], 'domain–containing': [531, 634, 715, 1986, 2094, 3185, 3271], 'represented': [534], 'nonreceptor': [537], '(10Manser': [541], 'Tan': [547], '1993;': [552], '363:': [553], '364-367Crossref': [554], '(252)': [557], 'ACK-2': [561], '(Yang': [562], 'et': [563, 1068, 1164, 3188], 'al.,': [564], '1997),': [565], 'highly': [568, 603], 'specific': [569, 584], 'targets': [570, 716, 1000], 'Cdc42.': [572, 2258, 2343, 2748], 'While': [573, 918, 2605], 'have': [577, 608, 1604], 'yet': [578], 'be': [580, 1706, 1804, 1965, 3173, 3241, 3330, 3353], 'linked': [581], 'pathological': [585], 'condition,': [586], 'it': [587, 1948, 3001, 3351], 'likely': [589, 2481, 2670, 2829, 2927, 3307, 3328, 3417], 'they': [591, 601, 1218, 2516, 3425], 'will': [592, 636, 746, 964, 1964, 2070, 3352, 3435], 'play': [593, 2672], 'roles': [595], 'neuronal': [597], 'cell': [598], 'expressed': [604, 1228], 'brain': [606], 'been': [609, 3013], 'implicated': [610, 1605], 'integrin-coupled': [612], 'There': [614], 'seems': [615], 'little': [616], 'doubt': [617], 'how': [620, 991], 'activated': [622, 2085, 2737], 'form': [623, 2087, 2367, 2997], 'triggers': [628], 'its': [632, 784, 829, 2686, 3167, 3178], 'target/effectors': [635, 2069], 'insights': [640, 3440], 'into': [641, 2578, 3441], 'signaling': [643, 662, 743, 916, 1004, 1376, 2761, 2825, 2918, 3100, 3264], 'functions': [644], 'proteins.': [649, 1987, 2905, 3186], 'remarkable': [651], 'feature': [652], 'capacity': [660], 'subtlety': [666], 'structural': [669, 684, 739, 987, 1059, 1478, 1540, 1838, 2351, 2663, 2716, 2843, 3290, 3349], 'distinguish': [672], 'GDP-bound': [674], '"off"': [675], 'state': [676, 787, 1158, 2733], 'from': [677, 1322, 1482, 1554, 1766, 1810, 1885, 1954, 2096, 2390, 2630, 2856, 3288], '"on"': [680], '(active)': [681], 'state.': [682, 1414, 1698], 'These': [683, 2344], 'basically': [687], 'confined': [688], 'regions': [692, 2341], 'denoted': [693], 'switch': [695, 698, 1424, 2254, 2340, 2439], 'I': [696, 2255], 'II.': [699], 'With': [700], 'recent': [702, 766, 887], 'emergence': [703], 'structures': [706, 889, 1383, 2082, 2229, 2767, 2799], 'inactive': [709, 883, 1697], 'states': [712], 'below),': [718], 'we': [719, 963, 3344], 'see': [720], 'while': [722, 1518], 'conformational': [724, 753, 967, 1429], 'alterations': [725, 740], 'relatively': [732], 'minor,': [733], 'dramatic': [738, 2217], 'targets.': [744], 'As': [745, 3224, 3343], 'become': [747, 2877], 'evident': [748], 'below,': [749], 'type': [751], 'change/amplification': [754], 'has': [755, 3012, 3286], 'consequences': [757], 'signal': [762, 2758, 3445], 'propagation.': [763], 'In': [764, 960, 1054, 1558, 2357, 2424, 2680, 2906, 3043], 'issue': [767], 'Cell,': [769], 'Mayer': [771, 798], 'Harrison': [773, 800], 'groups': [774], 'reported': [775], 'structure': [777, 840, 920, 1141, 1171, 1244, 1347, 1443, 1508, 1933, 1956, 2009, 2372, 2613, 2738, 2993], 'basal': [785, 928, 1157, 1412, 2359, 2731], '(autoinhibited)': [786, 1413, 2732], '(9Lei': [788], 'Lu': [790], 'W': [791, 793, 2150], 'Meng': [792], 'Parrini': [794], 'M.-C': [795], 'Eck': [796], 'M.J': [797, 2154], 'B.J': [799], 'S.C': [801], '102': [804], '(this': [805, 3217], 'issue,):': [806], '387-397Abstract': [807], '(416)': [815], 'Scholar),': [817, 867, 1217, 2190], 'providing': [818, 3119], 'intriguing': [823, 2203], 'somewhat': [825], 'unexpected': [826], 'mechanism': [827, 1701, 1809, 3284, 3325], 'Cdc42/Rac.': [832], 'structure,': [834], 'corresponding': [839, 932], 'described': [844, 1353], 'Rosen': [846, 857, 2113, 2282, 2704], 'collaborators': [848], '(8Kim': [849, 2696], 'A.S': [850, 2697], 'Kakalis': [851, 2698], 'L.T': [852, 2699], 'Abdul-Manan': [853, 2700], 'N': [854, 2102, 2271, 2701], 'Liu': [855, 2105, 2274, 2702], 'G.A': [856, 2106, 2275, 2703], 'M.K': [858, 2114, 2283, 2705], '404:': [861, 2708], '151-158Crossref': [862, 2709], '(587)': [865, 2712], 'reveals': [868], 'structurally': [874, 1401], 'autoinhibitory': [876, 1016, 1145, 1170, 1700, 1808], 'module': [877, 925, 1467], 'maintains': [879, 1693], 'them': [880], 'conformation.': [884], 'Comparisons': [885, 2079], 'NMR': [888, 1065, 1140], 'Cdc42/PBD': [891], 'complexes': [892, 2324], '(see': [893], 'below)': [894], 'suggest': [895], 'leads': [901], 'reorganization': [904], 'inhibitory': [907, 924, 1231, 1346, 1403, 1416, 1423, 1735, 1833, 1911, 1962, 2032, 2462, 2492, 2514, 2726], 'concomitant': [911], 'activities.': [917], 'core': [923, 2418, 2632], 'state,': [929, 2360], 'rearrangement': [933], 'accompanies': [938], 'binding,': [940, 1692], 'nearly': [942, 1348, 2231], 'identical': [943, 1349, 2232], 'WASP,': [947, 976, 1562, 2097, 2200, 2428, 3317], 'differ': [952], 'aspects': [955], 'mechanisms.': [959], 'minireview,': [962], 'discuss': [965], 'associated': [969], 'Cdc42-mediated': [971], 'consider': [980], 'broader': [982], 'implications': [983], 'new': [986], 'information': [988, 2855], 'protein': [995, 1063, 1121, 2399, 3148, 3234], 'utilizes': [998], 'effect': [1002], 'Previous': [1006], 'biochemical': [1007], 'studies': [1008, 1603, 1811, 3291], 'WASP-related': [1010], 'pointed': [1012], 'intramolecular': [1015, 1651, 1668, 1918, 3390], 'between': [1018, 1122, 1225, 1653, 1756, 1792, 2028, 2235, 2502, 2724, 2765, 2769, 2981, 3177, 3196], 'N-terminal': [1020, 1180, 1488, 2622, 3138], 'C-terminal': [1025, 2250, 3153], 'VCA': [1026, 1092], '(named': [1028], 'verprolin': [1030], 'homology,': [1031, 1033], 'cofilin': [1032, 1100, 1573, 1612], 'acidic': [1035], 'regions)': [1036], '(12Miki': [1037], 'Sasaki': [1039], 'Takai': [1041], 'Takenawa': [1043], '391:': [1047], '93-96Crossref': [1048], '(543)': [1051], 'order': [1055], 'undertake': [1057], 'analysis': [1060], 'spectroscopy,': [1066], 'Kim': [1067, 3187], 'al.': [1069, 1165, 3189], 'carefully': [1070], 'pared': [1071], 'down': [1072], 'full-length': [1074, 1161, 1195, 1298, 1970, 3233], 'molecule': [1076], 'delineated': [1078], 'region.': [1093], 'Likewise,': [1094], 'short': [1096, 1135], 'within': [1098, 1610, 1641, 2871, 3320, 3368, 3411], '(CHR)': [1103, 1615], 'required': [1110, 1924], 'PBD.': [1115, 1582], 'authors': [1117], 'prepared': [1118], 'fusion': [1120], 'CHR': [1127, 1648, 1676, 1780, 2453, 2521], 'linking': [1129], 'domains': [1132, 1232, 1447, 1963, 2033, 2752, 2874, 2986, 3400, 3409], 'flexible': [1136], 'peptide.': [1137], 'Thus,': [1138, 2644], 'represents': [1142, 1997], 'minimal': [1144, 1169], 'unit': [1146], 'presumably': [1150, 2542, 3220], 'reconstructs': [1151], 'interactions': [1152, 1652, 1755, 2264, 2345, 2493, 2924, 3129, 3176], 'maintaining': [1155, 1407], 'protein.': [1162, 1971], 'Lei': [1163], 'similarly': [1166], 'engineered': [1167], 'PAK.': [1173, 1234, 2604, 3064], 'Capitalizing': [1174], 'finding': [1177, 1286], 'fragment': [1181], 'able': [1189, 1220], 'bind': [1191, 2939], 'inhibit': [1193, 3016, 3052], '(5Frost': [1197], 'J.A': [1198], 'Xu': [1199], 'Hutchison': [1201], 'M.R': [1202], 'Marcus': [1203], 'Cobb': [1205], 'M.H': [1206], 'Mol.': [1207, 2788], '16:': [1211], '3707-3713Crossref': [1212], '(236)': [1215], 'were': [1219, 1801], 'crystallize': [1222], 'independently': [1227], 'adopts': [1240], 'familiar': [1242], 'two-lobed': [1243], 'seen': [1245, 1856], 'all': [1247], 'known': [1248], '(7Johnson': [1250, 1861], 'L.N': [1251, 1862], 'Noble': [1252, 1863], 'M.E.M': [1253, 1864], 'Owen': [1254, 1865, 2126, 2172, 2305], 'D.J': [1255, 1866], '85:': [1258, 1869], '149-158Abstract': [1259, 1870], '(1125)': [1267, 1878], 'surprising': [1271], 'result,': [1272], 'however,': [1273, 2002, 3000], 'exists': [1277], 'dimer': [1280, 1343, 1929, 2038, 3078], 'crystal': [1283, 1932], 'structure.': [1284, 2589], 'unanticipated': [1288], 'previous': [1290], 'work': [1291], 'but': [1292], 'elegantly': [1293], 'confirmed': [1294], 'biochemically': [1295], 'soluble': [1297], 'using': [1300], 'gel': [1301], 'filtration,': [1302], 'analytical': [1303], 'ultracentrifugation,': [1304], 'dynamic': [1306], 'light': [1307], 'scattering.': [1308], 'Moreover,': [1309, 2556, 3394], 'dimerization': [1311, 1922, 1979, 2000, 2570, 2640, 3007, 3384], 'interface': [1312, 1334, 2571, 2641], 'formed': [1314], 'pair': [1317, 1958], 'β': [1319, 1489, 2239, 2329, 2362, 2407, 2580, 2597, 2607, 2617, 2627], 'strands,': [1320], 'one': [1321, 2295, 3277, 3386], 'each': [1323], 'monomer,': [1324], 'generate': [1326], 'antiparallel': [1328], 'sheet,': [1329], 'corresponds': [1335, 1566], 'motif.': [1340], 'Within': [1341], 'lies': [1344, 2980], 'WASP.': [1355, 1665, 1787, 3295], 'ability': [1357, 3037], 'common': [1369], 'regulatory': [1370, 2861], 'element': [1371], 'influencing': [1372, 3166], 'very': [1374, 1457], 'divergent': [1375], 'warrants': [1378], 'closer': [1380], 'look.': [1381], 'autoinhibited': [1386, 1450, 1662, 1859, 2195, 2588, 2612, 2996], 'reveal': [1392, 2201, 3404], 'embedded': [1397], 'larger,': [1400], 'conserved,': [1402], 'referred': [1419], '(IS)': [1425], 'due': [1426], 'induced': [1431], '(described': [1439], 'below).': [1440], 'Remarkably,': [1441], 'IS': [1446, 1484, 1556, 1587, 1658, 1672, 1759, 1784, 1794, 1945, 2224, 2355, 2380, 2392, 2422, 2477, 2504, 2539, 2584, 2635, 2655, 2667, 2690, 2720, 2873, 2983, 3201, 3250, 3312, 3337], 'similar': [1458, 1853, 3379], 'compact': [1465], 'folded': [1466, 1758, 2421, 2476, 2770], 'comprised': [1468, 1935, 2913], 'architectural': [1471], 'elements': [1472, 1479], '2).': [1474, 1710], 'derived': [1481], 'itself,': [1486], 'hairpin': [1490, 2330, 2363, 2408, 2581, 2608], 'immediately': [1492], 'follows': [1493], 'central': [1500], 'bundle': [1501], 'α': [1504, 2333], 'helices.': [1505], 'contains': [1509], 'additional': [1511, 1548, 1564, 2049, 2922, 3120], 'helix': [1512, 1522, 1565, 1592, 1655, 1677, 1764, 1781, 1799, 2334, 2366, 2411, 2431, 2454, 2507, 3154], 'C': [1513, 1845, 3067], 'terminal': [1514], 'bundle,': [1517], 'replaced': [1524], 'peptide': [1527, 1570, 2214], 'segment': [1528, 1550, 1737, 1746, 1828, 1888, 2531, 3032, 3086], 'inhibiting': [1533], 'activity.': [1536, 1601, 2931, 3125], 'component': [1541], 'inhibited': [1544], 'fold': [1545, 3309], 'helical': [1549, 2435], 'distinct': [1553, 2736, 2766], 'domain.': [1557, 2225, 2356, 2381, 2423], 'case': [1560, 2426, 3387], 'retains': [1577], 'toward': [1580], 'cofilin-like': [1591], 'directly': [1594, 2513, 3062], 'inhibition': [1598], 'Mutagenesis': [1602], 'basic': [1608, 1644], 'Residues': [1640, 1788], 'contribute': [1649], 'Presumably,': [1666], 'incompatible': [1679, 2473], 'and,': [1686], 'absence': [1689, 2682], 'appears': [1704, 2647, 3060], 'Inhibition': [1711], 'achieved': [1717], 'sterically': [1719, 2472], 'occluding': [1720], 'site': [1723, 1750, 1843, 1893, 2450], 'through': [1724, 1729, 3175, 3252], 'dimerization,': [1725, 2055], 'placement': [1731], '(KI)': [1736], 'site.': [1741, 2536, 3090], 'However,': [1742], 'stabilizing': [1743, 2037, 2545], 'KI': [1745, 1827, 1887, 2530, 2550, 3031, 3085], 'set': [1753, 2262], 'G': [1765, 1800, 2508, 3147], 'large': [1768], 'lobe': [1769], 'kinase,': [1772], 'completely': [1773, 2489], 'analogous': [1774], 'packing': [1777], 'against': [1782, 2011, 2375, 2433], 'involved': [1789], 'contacts': [1791, 1912, 2027, 2234, 2401, 2501, 2525, 2546, 3391], 'anticipated': [1802], 'showing': [1812], 'mutations': [1814], 'at': [1815, 2846], 'positions': [1817], 'yield': [1818], 'constitutively': [1820], 'kinase.': [1822, 2555], 'Once': [1823], 'properly': [1824], 'oriented,': [1825], 'stabilizes': [1831], 'conformations': [1834], 'key': [1837, 2780, 2801], '(helix': [1844], 'loop)': [1849], 'manner': [1852], 'Additionally,': [1881], 'lysine': [1883], 'residue': [1884, 2601], 'further': [1889], 'blocks': [1890], 'forming': [1895], 'salt': [1896], 'bridges': [1897], 'catalytically': [1900], 'aspartate': [1902], 'residues.': [1903], 'An': [1904], 'unresolved': [1906], 'question': [1907, 1974], 'whether': [1909], 'occur': [1915], 'fashion': [1919], 'if': [1921], 'intermolecular': [1926, 2023], 'inhibition.': [1927], 'four': [1937], 'independent': [1938], 'not': [1950, 2512, 2989, 3051, 3306, 3327, 3377, 3402], 'possible': [1951, 2042], 'determine': [1953], 'covalently': [1966], 'connected': [1967], 'Another': [1972], 'role': [1977, 2675], 'biological': [1982], 'It': [1988, 2040, 2827, 3415], 'tempting': [1990], 'speculate': [1992], 'general': [1999], 'motif;': [2001], 'monomeric': [2004], 'nature': [2005], 'argues': [2010], 'conclusion.': [2013], 'Perhaps': [2014], 'autoinhibition': [2016], 'indeed': [2019], 'occurs': [2020], 'via': [2021], 'mechanism,': [2024], 'formation.': [2039], 'certain': [2044], 'CRIB-containing': [2045], 'require': [2047], 'levels': [2050, 2832], 'control': [2052, 3261], 'provided': [2053], 'there': [2058], 'some': [2060], 'circumstances': [2061], 'heterodimerization': [2065], 'different': [2068, 2076], 'advantage': [2073], 'coordinating': [2075], 'outputs.': [2078], 'describing': [2083], '(GTP-bound)': [2086], 'complexed': [2090], 'various': [2092, 3269], 'peptides': [2095], 'ACK': [2100, 3300], '(1Abdul-Manan': [2101, 2270], 'Aghazadeh': [2103, 2272], 'Majumdar': [2107, 2276], 'Ouerfelli': [2109, 2278], 'O': [2110, 2279], 'Siminovitch': [2111, 2280], 'K.A': [2112, 2281], '399:': [2117, 2140, 2286], '379-383Crossref': [2118, 2287], '(270)': [2121, 2290], '14Mott': [2124], 'Nietlispach': [2128, 2174, 2307], 'Manser': [2132], '384-388Crossref': [2141, 2185, 2318], '(146)': [2144], '6Gizachew': [2147], 'Guo': [2149], 'Chohan': [2151], 'K.K': [2152], 'Sutcliffe': [2153], 'Oswald': [2155], 'R.E': [2156], '3963-3971Crossref': [2160], '(37)': [2163], '13Morreale': [2166], 'Venkatesan': [2168, 2301], 'Nat.': [2180, 2313], 'Struct.': [2181, 2314], '7:': [2184, 2317], '(150)': [2188, 2321], 'those': [2192, 2326], 'model': [2204], 'invokes': [2208], 'restructuring': [2210], 'unfolding': [2218, 2485, 2652, 3211, 3247], 'remainder': [2221, 2377], 'All': [2226], 'show': [2230], 'sheet-like': [2233], 'strand,': [2240, 2594], 'motif,': [2244], 'β2': [2247], 'strand': [2248, 2559, 2577, 2628], 'portion': [2251, 2623], 'observed': [2265, 2609], 'Cdc42/WASP-PBD': [2268], 'Cdc42/PAK-PBD': [2298], '(13Morreale': [2299], 'driving': [2349], 'rearrangements': [2352], 'α1': [2365, 2410, 2430], 'layer': [2369, 2389], 'secondary': [2371], 'packs': [2374, 2432], 'extracts': [2386], 'entire': [2388], 'face': [2404], 'formerly': [2413], 'contributed': [2414], 'hydrophobic': [2417], 'II': [2440], 'Cdc42,': [2443], 'thus': [2444, 2552, 2774], 'disrupting': [2445], 'contributing': [2456], 'release': [2459, 2548], 'interaction.': [2463], 'More': [2464], 'importantly,': [2465], 'mode': [2467], 'drive': [2483], 'eliminating': [2490], 'giving': [2495], 'rise': [2496], 'activation.': [2499], 'helix;': [2522], 'rather,': [2523], 'stabilize': [2528, 3026], 'Unfolding': [2537], 'would': [2541], 'destroy': [2543], 'segment,': [2551], 'activating': [2553, 2902, 3093], 'β1': [2558], 'PAK-PDB': [2562], 'formation': [2567], 'continues': [2573], 'extended': [2576, 2890, 3066], 'disrupts': [2592], 'creating': [2595], 'bulge': [2598, 2618], 'centered': [2599], 'around': [2600], '85': [2602], 'preserved,': [2615], 'effectively': [2619], 'rotates': [2620], 'away': [2629], 'occluded.': [2643], 'involve': [2649], 'both': [2650, 2908], 'disruption': [2658], 'dimer.': [2661], 'flexibility': [2664], 'mechanism.': [2679], 'either': [2684], 'partners,': [2688], 'unstructured': [2695], '"plasticity"': [2717], 'allows': [2718], 'flip': [2723], 'representative': [2728], 'promoted': [2741], 'stabilized': [2743], 'Such': [2749], 'intrinsically': [2750], 'disordered': [2751], 'emerging': [2755], 'theme': [2756], 'transduction,': [2759], 'allowing': [2760, 3258], 'convert': [2764], 'unfolded': [2772], 'states,': [2773], 'resulting': [2775], 'stimulation': [2778], 'activities': [2782], '(18Wright': [2783], 'P.E': [2784], 'Dyson': [2785], 'H.J': [2786], '293:': [2791], '321-331Crossref': [2792], '(2183)': [2795], 'effector/targets': [2802], 'represent': [2807], 'step': [2810], 'forward': [2811], 'events.': [2826, 3265], 'multiple': [2831], 'complexity': [2834], 'underlie': [2835], 'regulation': [2837], 'data': [2844], 'hints': [2845], 'potential': [2847, 2868], 'mechanisms': [2848], 'integrate': [2854], 'variety': [2858], 'upstream': [2860], 'cues.': [2862], 'Both': [2863], 'phosphorylation': [2869], 'sites': [2870], 'probably': [2876], 'accessible': [2878], 'upon': [2879, 3215], 'even': [2896, 3259, 3319], 'after': [2897], 'dissociation': [2899], 'addition,': [2907], 'series': [2916], 'modules': [2919], 'protein–protein': [2923, 3128], 'influence': [2929], 'uses': [2933], 'nonconventional': [2935], 'proline-rich': [2936, 3139, 3297], 'members': [2940, 3104], 'Cool': [2943], 'cloned': [2945], 'out': [2946, 3428], 'library)/PIX': [2948], 'PAK-interactive': [2950], 'exchange': [2951], 'factor)': [2952], 'included': [2990], 'PAK;': [2999], 'lie': [3003], 'close': [3004], 'interface.': [3008], 'p50Cool-1': [3010, 3024], 'isoform': [3011], 'shown': [3014], 'activity,': [3018, 3054], 'suggesting': [3019], 'position': [3028, 3082], 'potentially': [3034], 'block': [3035], 'disrupt': [3041, 3075], 'dimerization.': [3042], 'contrast,': [3044], 'longer': [3046], 'splice': [3047], 'variant,': [3048], 'p85Cool-1/β-PIX,': [3049], 'does': [3050, 3376], 'protein,': [3058], 'Cool-2/α-PIX,': [3059], 'termini': [3068], 'larger': [3071, 3430], 'Cool/PIX': [3072, 3094], 'destabilize': [3080], 'also': [3096, 3160, 3219], 'proteins,': [3101], 'notably': [3103], 'Cat': [3107], '(Cool-associated': [3108], 'phosphosubstrate)/Git': [3110], '(G': [3111], 'protein–coupled': [3112], 'receptor': [3113], 'interactor)/PKL': [3115], '(paxillin–kinase': [3116], 'linker)': [3117], 'family,': [3118], 'possibilities': [3121], 'regulating': [3123], 'Still': [3126], 'Nck': [3135], 'βγ': [3149], 'subunits': [3150], 'regulate': [3163], 'monomer–dimer': [3168], 'equilibrium.': [3169], 'Similarly,': [3170], 'polyproline-rich': [3179], 'profilin': [3182], 'SH3': [3184], 'make': [3190], 'observation': [3193], 'competition': [3195], 'folding': [3197], 'exacts': [3206], '"thermodynamic': [3208], 'penalty"': [3209], 'stable': [3213], 'true': [3221], 'PAK).': [3223], 'consequence': [3226], 'binds': [3228], 'rather': [3229], 'poorly': [3230], '(KD': [3235], '∼40': [3236], 'μM).': [3237], 'affinity': [3239], 'might': [3240], 'dramatically': [3242], 'enhanced': [3243], 'cooperative': [3246], 'activators,': [3257], 'tighter': [3260], 'When': [3266], 'considering': [3267], 'Rac,': [3276], 'wonders': [3278], 'about': [3279], 'generality': [3281], 'emerged': [3287], 'following': [3301], 'universal,': [3331], 'bulk': [3334], 'missing': [3340], 'PAK4.': [3342], 'enter': [3345], 'age': [3347], 'genomics,': [3350], 'heed': [3356], 'message': [3358], 'relayed': [3359], 'structures.': [3365], 'Structural': [3366], 'conservation': [3367], 'guarantee': [3378], 'modes': [3380], 'regulation,': [3382], 'purely': [3389], 'another.': [3393], 'individual': [3396], 'folds': [3397], 'isolated': [3399], 'always': [3403], 'nuances': [3406], 'exhibit': [3410], 'macromolecular': [3413], 'context.': [3414], 'details': [3420], 'nuances,': [3423], 'teased': [3427], 'structures,': [3434], 'continue': [3436], 'propagation': [3446], 'switches.': [3452]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2011717692', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 6}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-18T11:17:44.326696', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}