Publication Information

{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2009896285', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9337.2009.00441.x', 'title': 'Was Austin Right After All? On the Role of Sanctions in a Theory of Law', 'display_name': 'Was Austin Right After All? On the Role of Sanctions in a Theory of Law', 'publication_year': 2010, 'publication_date': '2010-02-12', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2009896285', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9337.2009.00441.x', 'mag': '2009896285'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9337.2009.00441.x', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S183135890', 'display_name': 'Ratio Juris', 'issn_l': '0952-1917', 'issn': ['0952-1917', '1467-9337'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5055295501', 'display_name': 'Frederick Schauer', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9991-159X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I51556381', 'display_name': 'University of Virginia', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0153tk833', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I51556381']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'FREDERICK SCHAUER', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['School of LawUniversity of Virginia580 Massie Road, CharlottesvilleVirginia 22903USAE-mail: [email protected]'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'School of LawUniversity of Virginia580 Massie Road, CharlottesvilleVirginia 22903USAE-mail: [email protected]', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I51556381']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5055295501'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I51556381'], 'apc_list': {'value': 2630, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2630, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 3.05, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 57, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999934, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 95, 'max': 96}, 'biblio': {'volume': '23', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '1', 'last_page': '21'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11997', 'display_name': 'Free Will and Agency', 'score': 0.9937, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2805', 'display_name': 'Cognitive Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11997', 'display_name': 'Free Will and Agency', 'score': 0.9937, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2805', 'display_name': 'Cognitive Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12982', 'display_name': 'Legal principles and applications', 'score': 0.9889, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3308', 'display_name': 'Law'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10297', 'display_name': 'Philosophical Ethics and Theory', 'score': 0.9663, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1211', 'display_name': 'Philosophy'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/12', 'display_name': 'Arts and Humanities'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/obligation', 'display_name': 'Obligation', 'score': 0.7250465}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-positivism', 'display_name': 'Legal positivism', 'score': 0.6233108}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/soundness', 'display_name': 'Soundness', 'score': 0.55039215}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/positive-law', 'display_name': 'Positive law', 'score': 0.46379763}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778447849', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2648051', 'display_name': 'Obligation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7250465}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199539241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748', 'display_name': 'Law', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.67823184}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71043370', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4932206', 'display_name': 'Jurisprudence', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6499404}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C31264824', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644971', 'display_name': 'Legal positivism', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.6233108}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162040827', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126842', 'display_name': 'Philosophy of law', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6123986}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C39920170', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q693083', 'display_name': 'Soundness', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.55039215}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1531547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q914661', 'display_name': 'Positive law', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.46379763}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778069335', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32098', 'display_name': 'Sanctions', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42864326}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C75011936', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4122235', 'display_name': 'Private law', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.42796654}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C14036430', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076', 'display_name': 'Function (biology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4203391}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C167633797', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4922364', 'display_name': 'Black letter law', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.40870515}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4019143}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111472728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471', 'display_name': 'Epistemology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.39967412}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201', 'display_name': 'Sociology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.386438}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C190253527', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354', 'display_name': 'Law and economics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3398013}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17744445', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442', 'display_name': 'Political science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.33111197}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C149209484', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q741338', 'display_name': 'Comparative law', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.31982988}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41895202', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162', 'display_name': 'Linguistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C78458016', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400', 'display_name': 'Evolutionary biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9337.2009.00441.x', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S183135890', 'display_name': 'Ratio Juris', 'issn_l': '0952-1917', 'issn': ['0952-1917', '1467-9337'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16', 'score': 0.81, 'display_name': 'Peace, justice, and strong institutions'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 63, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1504374584', 'https://openalex.org/W1508609272', 'https://openalex.org/W1512808664', 'https://openalex.org/W1537881379', 'https://openalex.org/W1547766285', 'https://openalex.org/W1568217796', 'https://openalex.org/W1568392343', 'https://openalex.org/W15814337', 'https://openalex.org/W1581936239', 'https://openalex.org/W1748508894', 'https://openalex.org/W1956808466', 'https://openalex.org/W1962020063', 'https://openalex.org/W1985476916', 'https://openalex.org/W1987138837', 'https://openalex.org/W2016826192', 'https://openalex.org/W2035902442', 'https://openalex.org/W2041466501', 'https://openalex.org/W2045311322', 'https://openalex.org/W2054653549', 'https://openalex.org/W2072229209', 'https://openalex.org/W2082455105', 'https://openalex.org/W2086841517', 'https://openalex.org/W2133882944', 'https://openalex.org/W2138293185', 'https://openalex.org/W2151990675', 'https://openalex.org/W2159570028', 'https://openalex.org/W2167257197', 'https://openalex.org/W2262659060', 'https://openalex.org/W2318010942', 'https://openalex.org/W2319518793', 'https://openalex.org/W2320774312', 'https://openalex.org/W2480370222', 'https://openalex.org/W2483186065', 'https://openalex.org/W2506502828', 'https://openalex.org/W2526415170', 'https://openalex.org/W2560156547', 'https://openalex.org/W25711811', 'https://openalex.org/W2796239958', 'https://openalex.org/W2796450481', 'https://openalex.org/W2796592586', 'https://openalex.org/W3122582276', 'https://openalex.org/W3123039146', 'https://openalex.org/W3125380225', 'https://openalex.org/W3125598080', 'https://openalex.org/W3125765255', 'https://openalex.org/W3143088062', 'https://openalex.org/W3197242048', 'https://openalex.org/W3200083484', 'https://openalex.org/W4235023594', 'https://openalex.org/W4235073904', 'https://openalex.org/W4237574036', 'https://openalex.org/W4242437658', 'https://openalex.org/W4243375577', 'https://openalex.org/W4249677269', 'https://openalex.org/W4253389866', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527', 'https://openalex.org/W4299511094', 'https://openalex.org/W4301913823', 'https://openalex.org/W561817843', 'https://openalex.org/W588049860', 'https://openalex.org/W74064722', 'https://openalex.org/W758416314', 'https://openalex.org/W807969'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3025940655', 'https://openalex.org/W2769037309', 'https://openalex.org/W2498533591', 'https://openalex.org/W2477383288', 'https://openalex.org/W2367547989', 'https://openalex.org/W2346678001', 'https://openalex.org/W1992885797', 'https://openalex.org/W1595180565', 'https://openalex.org/W1543955036', 'https://openalex.org/W108784755'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Ratio': [0], 'JurisVolume': [1], '23,': [2], 'Issue': [3], '1': [4], 'p.': [5], '1-21': [6, 584], 'Was': [7], 'Austin': [8], 'Right': [9], 'After': [10], 'All?': [11], 'On': [12], 'the': [13, 44, 49, 66, 73, 87, 105, 166, 171, 188, 195, 209, 227, 274, 312, 322, 377, 380, 391, 409, 421, 429, 445, 451, 469, 473, 478, 483, 498, 552, 555, 564, 567], 'Role': [14], 'of': [15, 20, 27, 29, 38, 69, 76, 89, 92, 107, 126, 130, 149, 151, 160, 191, 198, 211, 214, 229, 248, 252, 296, 306, 319, 330, 359, 371, 379, 411, 423, 431, 444, 447, 453, 456, 472, 475, 486, 500, 503, 512, 525, 547, 551, 554, 563, 569, 573], 'Sanctions': [16], 'in': [17, 366], 'a': [18, 101, 223, 327, 342, 412, 441, 454, 487, 501, 523, 531, 545, 561, 571], 'Theory': [19], 'Law': [21, 52, 174], 'FREDERICK': [22, 24, 144, 146], 'SCHAUER,': [23, 145], 'SCHAUER': [25, 147], 'School': [26, 148], 'LawUniversity': [28, 150], 'Virginia580': [30, 152], 'Massie': [31, 153], 'Road,': [32, 154], 'CharlottesvilleVirginia': [33, 155], '22903USAE-mail:': [34, 156], '[email protected]': [35, 157], 'A': [36, 158], 'version': [37, 159, 305, 329], 'this': [39, 142, 161, 264, 331], 'paper': [40, 162], 'was': [41, 163, 364], 'delivered': [42, 164], 'as': [43, 165, 352, 405, 416, 426, 428, 458, 514, 518, 544], "'Or": [45, 167], "'Emet": [46, 168], 'Lecture': [47, 169], 'at': [48, 86, 100, 104, 170, 208, 222, 226], 'Osgoode': [50, 172], 'Hall': [51, 173], 'School,': [53, 175], 'York': [54, 176], 'University,': [55, 177], 'Toronto,': [56, 178], 'on': [57, 79, 95, 110, 179, 201, 217, 232, 440], 'March': [58, 180], '12,': [59, 181], '2009,': [60, 182], 'and': [61, 72, 99, 121, 183, 194, 221, 243, 294, 298, 310, 317, 336, 361, 376, 398, 461, 509, 517], 'I': [62, 132, 184, 254], 'am': [63, 185], 'grateful': [64, 186], 'for': [65, 138, 187, 260, 408, 539], 'formal': [67, 189], 'comments': [68, 115, 190, 237], 'Craig': [70, 192], 'Scott': [71, 193], 'informal': [74, 196], 'ones': [75, 197], 'Wil': [77, 199], 'Waluchow': [78, 200], 'that': [80, 202, 354, 527, 540], 'occasion.': [81, 203], 'Earlier': [82, 204], 'versions': [83, 205], 'were': [84, 206], 'presented': [85, 207], 'Faculty': [88, 210], 'Law,': [90, 212, 372], 'University': [91, 106, 213, 228], 'Girona,': [93, 215], 'Spain,': [94, 216], '10': [96, 218], 'October,': [97, 219], '2008,': [98, 220], '"GALA"': [102, 224], 'Seminar': [103, 225], 'California,': [108, 230], 'Berkeley,': [109, 231], '22': [111, 233], 'January': [112, 234], '2009.': [113, 235], 'Incisive': [114, 236], 'by': [116, 141, 238, 263], 'Brian': [117, 239], 'Bix,': [118, 240], 'Neil': [119, 241], 'Duxbury,': [120, 242], 'Chris': [122, 244], 'Kutz': [123, 245], 'exposed': [124, 246], 'many': [125, 247, 432], 'my': [127, 249], 'errors,': [128, 250], 'some': [129, 251], 'which': [131, 253], 'hope': [133, 255], 'have': [134, 256, 308, 436, 463], 'now': [135, 257], 'been': [136, 258], 'corrected.Search': [137, 259], 'more': [139, 261], 'papers': [140, 262], 'author': [143, 265], 'First': [266], 'published:': [267], '12': [268], 'February': [269], '2010': [270], 'https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9337.2009.00441.xCitations:': [271], '31': [272], 'Read': [273], 'full': [275, 286], 'textAboutPDF': [276], 'ToolsRequest': [277], 'permissionExport': [278], 'citationAdd': [279], 'to': [280, 302, 325, 403, 467, 506, 529, 534, 566, 577], 'favoritesTrack': [281], 'citation': [282], 'ShareShare': [283], 'Give': [284], 'accessShare': [285, 288], 'text': [287], 'full-text': [289, 304, 328], 'accessPlease': [290], 'review': [291], 'our': [292], 'Terms': [293, 316], 'Conditions': [295, 318], 'Use': [297], 'check': [299], 'box': [300], 'below': [301, 324], 'share': [303, 326], 'article.I': [307], 'read': [309], 'accept': [311], 'Wiley': [313], 'Online': [314], 'Library': [315], 'UseShareable': [320], 'LinkUse': [321], 'link': [323], 'article': [332], 'with': [333], 'your': [334], 'friends': [335], 'colleagues.': [337], 'Learn': [338], 'more.Copy': [339], 'URL': [340], 'Share': [341], 'linkShare': [343], 'onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat': [344], 'Abstract': [345], 'In': [346], 'modern': [347], 'jurisprudence': [348], 'it': [349, 515, 519], 'is': [350, 417, 466, 491, 493, 505, 520, 575], 'taken': [351], 'axiomatic': [353], 'John': [355], "Austin's": [356], 'sanction-based': [357], 'account': [358, 382], 'law': [360, 504, 513, 526, 574], 'legal': [362, 414, 433, 448, 489], 'obligation': [363, 401, 415], 'demolished': [365], 'H.L.A.': [367], "Hart's": [368, 374, 424], 'The': [369, 549], 'Concept': [370], 'but': [373, 420], 'victory': [375], 'deficiencies': [378], 'Austinian': [381, 556], 'may': [383, 538, 559], 'not': [384, 482], 'be': [385, 542, 560], 'so': [386], 'clear.': [387], 'Not': [388], 'only': [389], 'does': [390], 'alleged': [392], 'linguistic': [393], 'distinction': [394], 'between': [395], 'being': [396], 'obliged': [397], 'having': [399], 'an': [400], 'fail': [402], 'provide': [404, 507], 'much': [406], 'support': [407], 'idea': [410], 'sanction-independent': [413], 'commonly': [418], 'thought,': [419], 'soundness': [422, 553], 'claims,': [425], 'well': [427], 'claims': [430], 'theorists': [434], 'who': [435], 'followed': [437], 'him,': [438], 'depend': [439], 'contested': [442], 'view': [443], 'nature': [446], 'theory.': [449], 'If': [450], 'task': [452, 499], 'theory': [455, 502, 524, 546, 572], 'law,': [457, 476], 'Joseph': [459], 'Raz': [460], 'others': [462], 'influentially': [464], 'argued,': [465], 'identify': [468], 'essential': [470], 'features': [471], 'concept': [474], 'then': [477, 522], 'theoretical': [479, 510], 'possibility,': [480], 'if': [481, 497], 'empirical': [484], 'reality,': [485], 'sanction-free': [488], 'system': [490], 'what': [492, 570], 'most': [494], 'important.': [495], 'But': [496], 'philosophical': [508], 'illumination': [511], 'exists': [516], 'experienced,': [521], 'fails': [528], 'give': [530], 'central': [532], 'place': [533], "law's": [535], 'coercive': [536], 'reality': [537], 'reason': [541], 'deficient': [543], 'law.': [548], 'question': [550, 568], 'account,': [557], 'therefore,': [558], 'function': [562], 'answer': [565], 'designed': [576], 'accomplish.': [578], 'Citing': [579], 'Literature': [580], 'Volume23,': [581], 'Issue1March': [582], '2010Pages': [583], 'RelatedInformation': [585]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2009896285', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 7}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-22T23:04:35.493480', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}