Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2008302913', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1126/science.273.5274.483', 'title': 'Crystalline Ropes of Metallic Carbon Nanotubes', 'display_name': 'Crystalline Ropes of Metallic Carbon Nanotubes', 'publication_year': 1996, 'publication_date': '1996-07-26', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2008302913', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1126/science.273.5274.483', 'mag': '2008302913', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8662534'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1126/science.273.5274.483', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S3880285', 'display_name': 'Science', 'issn_l': '0036-8075', 'issn': ['0036-8075', '1095-9203'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315823', 'host_organization_name': 'American Association for the Advancement of Science', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315823'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Association for the Advancement of Science'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5062384408', 'display_name': 'Andreas Theß', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8432-8959'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I74775410', 'display_name': 'Rice University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/008zs3103', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I74775410']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722', 'display_name': 'Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00tbs6p91', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1321296531', 'https://openalex.org/I1343035065', 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Andreas Thess', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['A. Thess, P. Nikolaev, H. Dai, C. Xu, A. G. Rinzler, D. T. Colbert, G. E. Scuseria, R. E. Smalley, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice Quantum Institute, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Mail Stop 100, Rice University, Post Office Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'A. Thess, P. Nikolaev, H. Dai, C. Xu, A. G. Rinzler, D. T. Colbert, G. E. Scuseria, R. E. Smalley, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice Quantum Institute, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Mail Stop 100, Rice University, Post Office Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I74775410', 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5068101833', 'display_name': 'Roland Lee', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7334-2533'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I79576946', 'display_name': 'University of Pennsylvania', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00b30xv10', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I79576946']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Roland Lee', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['R. Lee and J. E. Fischer, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6272, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'R. Lee and J. E. Fischer, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6272, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I79576946']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5030429868', 'display_name': 'Pavel Nikolaev', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I74775410', 'display_name': 'Rice University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/008zs3103', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I74775410']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722', 'display_name': 'Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00tbs6p91', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1321296531', 'https://openalex.org/I1343035065', 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Pavel Nikolaev', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['A. Thess, P. Nikolaev, H. Dai, C. Xu, A. G. Rinzler, D. T. Colbert, G. E. Scuseria, R. E. Smalley, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice Quantum Institute, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Mail Stop 100, Rice University, Post Office Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'A. Thess, P. Nikolaev, H. Dai, C. Xu, A. G. Rinzler, D. T. Colbert, G. E. Scuseria, R. E. Smalley, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice Quantum Institute, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Mail Stop 100, Rice University, Post Office Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I74775410', 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5102781933', 'display_name': 'Hongjie Dai', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5541-0301'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I74775410', 'display_name': 'Rice University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/008zs3103', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I74775410']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722', 'display_name': 'Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00tbs6p91', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1321296531', 'https://openalex.org/I1343035065', 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Hongjie Dai', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['A. Thess, P. Nikolaev, H. Dai, C. Xu, A. G. Rinzler, D. T. Colbert, G. E. Scuseria, R. E. Smalley, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice Quantum Institute, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Mail Stop 100, Rice University, Post Office Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'A. Thess, P. Nikolaev, H. Dai, C. Xu, A. G. Rinzler, D. T. Colbert, G. E. Scuseria, R. E. Smalley, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice Quantum Institute, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Mail Stop 100, Rice University, Post Office Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I74775410', 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5048718022', 'display_name': 'P. Petit', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I183225218', 'display_name': 'Institut Charles Sadron', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05whrjc31', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1294671590', 'https://openalex.org/I183225218', 'https://openalex.org/I4210128300', 'https://openalex.org/I68947357']}], 'countries': ['FR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Pierre Petit', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['P. Petit and J. Robert, Institut Charles Sadron, 6 rue Boussingault, 67000 Strasbourg, France.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'P. Petit and J. Robert, Institut Charles Sadron, 6 rue Boussingault, 67000 Strasbourg, France.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I183225218']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5082324446', 'display_name': 'J. Robert', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9380-0570'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I183225218', 'display_name': 'Institut Charles Sadron', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05whrjc31', 'country_code': 'FR', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1294671590', 'https://openalex.org/I183225218', 'https://openalex.org/I4210128300', 'https://openalex.org/I68947357']}], 'countries': ['FR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jerome Robert', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['P. Petit and J. Robert, Institut Charles Sadron, 6 rue Boussingault, 67000 Strasbourg, France.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'P. Petit and J. Robert, Institut Charles Sadron, 6 rue Boussingault, 67000 Strasbourg, France.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I183225218']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5046685876', 'display_name': 'Chunhui Xu', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3836-3179'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I74775410', 'display_name': 'Rice University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/008zs3103', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I74775410']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722', 'display_name': 'Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00tbs6p91', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1321296531', 'https://openalex.org/I1343035065', 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Chunhui Xu', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['A. Thess, P. Nikolaev, H. Dai, C. Xu, A. G. Rinzler, D. T. Colbert, G. E. Scuseria, R. E. Smalley, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice Quantum Institute, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Mail Stop 100, Rice University, Post Office Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'A. Thess, P. Nikolaev, H. Dai, C. Xu, A. G. Rinzler, D. T. Colbert, G. E. Scuseria, R. E. Smalley, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice Quantum Institute, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Mail Stop 100, Rice University, Post Office Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I74775410', 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100761578', 'display_name': 'Young Hee Lee', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7403-8157'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I87216513', 'display_name': 'Michigan State University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05hs6h993', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I87216513']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Young Hee Lee', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Y. H. Lee, S. G. Kim, D. Tománek, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1116, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Y. H. Lee, S. G. Kim, D. Tománek, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1116, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I87216513']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5103213810', 'display_name': 'Seong‐Gon Kim', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1629-0319'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I87216513', 'display_name': 'Michigan State University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05hs6h993', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I87216513']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Seong Gon Kim', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Y. H. Lee, S. G. Kim, D. Tománek, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1116, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Y. H. Lee, S. G. Kim, D. Tománek, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1116, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I87216513']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5064195900', 'display_name': 'Andrew G. Rinzler', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4548-059X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I74775410', 'display_name': 'Rice University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/008zs3103', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I74775410']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722', 'display_name': 'Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00tbs6p91', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1321296531', 'https://openalex.org/I1343035065', 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Andrew G. Rinzler', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['A. Thess, P. Nikolaev, H. Dai, C. Xu, A. G. Rinzler, D. T. Colbert, G. E. Scuseria, R. E. Smalley, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice Quantum Institute, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Mail Stop 100, Rice University, Post Office Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'A. Thess, P. Nikolaev, H. Dai, C. Xu, A. G. Rinzler, D. T. Colbert, G. E. Scuseria, R. E. Smalley, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice Quantum Institute, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Mail Stop 100, Rice University, Post Office Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I74775410', 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5059736113', 'display_name': 'Daniel T. Colbert', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I74775410', 'display_name': 'Rice University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/008zs3103', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I74775410']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722', 'display_name': 'Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00tbs6p91', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1321296531', 'https://openalex.org/I1343035065', 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Daniel T. Colbert', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['A. Thess, P. Nikolaev, H. Dai, C. Xu, A. G. Rinzler, D. T. Colbert, G. E. Scuseria, R. E. Smalley, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice Quantum Institute, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Mail Stop 100, Rice University, Post Office Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'A. Thess, P. Nikolaev, H. Dai, C. Xu, A. G. Rinzler, D. T. Colbert, G. E. Scuseria, R. E. Smalley, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice Quantum Institute, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Mail Stop 100, Rice University, Post Office Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I74775410', 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5016283866', 'display_name': 'Gustavo E. Scuseria', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4635-8126'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I74775410', 'display_name': 'Rice University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/008zs3103', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I74775410']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722', 'display_name': 'Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00tbs6p91', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1321296531', 'https://openalex.org/I1343035065', 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Gustavo E. Scuseria', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['A. Thess, P. Nikolaev, H. Dai, C. Xu, A. G. Rinzler, D. T. Colbert, G. E. Scuseria, R. E. Smalley, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice Quantum Institute, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Mail Stop 100, Rice University, Post Office Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'A. Thess, P. Nikolaev, H. Dai, C. Xu, A. G. Rinzler, D. T. Colbert, G. E. Scuseria, R. E. Smalley, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice Quantum Institute, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Mail Stop 100, Rice University, Post Office Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I74775410', 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5000351641', 'display_name': 'David Tománek', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1131-4788'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I87216513', 'display_name': 'Michigan State University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/05hs6h993', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I87216513']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'David Tománek', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Y. H. Lee, S. G. Kim, D. Tománek, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1116, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Y. H. Lee, S. G. Kim, D. Tománek, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1116, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I87216513']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5049106600', 'display_name': 'J. E. Fischer', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I79576946', 'display_name': 'University of Pennsylvania', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00b30xv10', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I79576946']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'John E. Fischer', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['R. Lee and J. E. Fischer, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6272, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'R. Lee and J. E. Fischer, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6272, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I79576946']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5015746014', 'display_name': 'R. E. Smalley', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I74775410', 'display_name': 'Rice University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/008zs3103', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I74775410']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722', 'display_name': 'Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00tbs6p91', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1321296531', 'https://openalex.org/I1343035065', 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Richard E. Smalley', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['A. Thess, P. Nikolaev, H. Dai, C. Xu, A. G. Rinzler, D. T. Colbert, G. E. Scuseria, R. E. Smalley, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice Quantum Institute, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Mail Stop 100, Rice University, Post Office Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'A. Thess, P. Nikolaev, H. Dai, C. Xu, A. G. Rinzler, D. T. Colbert, G. E. Scuseria, R. E. Smalley, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice Quantum Institute, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Mail Stop 100, Rice University, Post Office Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I74775410', 'https://openalex.org/I4210094722']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 5, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 147.873, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 5458, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999933, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '273', 'issue': '5274', 'first_page': '483', 'last_page': '487'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10074', 'display_name': 'Carbon Nanotubes and their Applications', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2505', 'display_name': 'Materials Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10074', 'display_name': 'Carbon Nanotubes and their Applications', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2505', 'display_name': 'Materials Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10083', 'display_name': 'Graphene: Properties, Synthesis, and Applications', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2505', 'display_name': 'Materials Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10956', 'display_name': 'Chemistry and Applications of Fullerenes', 'score': 0.9994, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1605', 'display_name': 'Organic Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/16', 'display_name': 'Chemistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotubes', 'display_name': 'Nanotubes', 'score': 0.55768}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoribbons', 'display_name': 'Nanoribbons', 'score': 0.54964}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-nanotubes', 'display_name': 'Carbon Nanotubes', 'score': 0.535065}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/lattice-constant', 'display_name': 'Lattice constant', 'score': 0.5002651}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/dangling-bond', 'display_name': 'Dangling bond', 'score': 0.45525277}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/angstrom', 'display_name': 'Angstrom', 'score': 0.41761264}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.72380006}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C513720949', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778729', 'display_name': 'Carbon nanotube', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.70186216}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C30080830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169917', 'display_name': 'Graphene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6578437}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C544153396', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11426', 'display_name': 'Metal', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.52813727}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C132612359', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625641', 'display_name': 'Lattice constant', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5002651}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C32424582', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5216183', 'display_name': 'Dangling bond', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.45525277}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162862793', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178026', 'display_name': 'Fullerene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.43423402}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C37407028', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81454', 'display_name': 'Angstrom', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41761264}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C171250308', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468', 'display_name': 'Nanotechnology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.38119754}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159985019', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790', 'display_name': 'Composite material', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.37333462}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C207114421', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133900', 'display_name': 'Diffraction', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.36860302}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C8010536', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398', 'display_name': 'Crystallography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3561995}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C26873012', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781', 'display_name': 'Condensed matter physics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3217621}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120665830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620', 'display_name': 'Optics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.19612491}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.12057686}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C544956773', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q670', 'display_name': 'Silicon', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.11497563}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C49040817', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091', 'display_name': 'Optoelectronics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.09513563}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C191897082', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467', 'display_name': 'Metallurgy', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1126/science.273.5274.483', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S3880285', 'display_name': 'Science', 'issn_l': '0036-8075', 'issn': ['0036-8075', '1095-9203'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315823', 'host_organization_name': 'American Association for the Advancement of Science', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315823'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Association for the Advancement of Science'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8662534', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 30, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W11476871', 'https://openalex.org/W1967756161', 'https://openalex.org/W1969589481', 'https://openalex.org/W1975825463', 'https://openalex.org/W1980728965', 'https://openalex.org/W1990239471', 'https://openalex.org/W1994596677', 'https://openalex.org/W1998738328', 'https://openalex.org/W2010118966', 'https://openalex.org/W2018858346', 'https://openalex.org/W2045079681', 'https://openalex.org/W2047963749', 'https://openalex.org/W2050938834', 'https://openalex.org/W2050952696', 'https://openalex.org/W2052103530', 'https://openalex.org/W2059438984', 'https://openalex.org/W2061004735', 'https://openalex.org/W2063219977', 'https://openalex.org/W2064180408', 'https://openalex.org/W2068210107', 'https://openalex.org/W2069853751', 'https://openalex.org/W2074552903', 'https://openalex.org/W2082904789', 'https://openalex.org/W2083130939', 'https://openalex.org/W2083552525', 'https://openalex.org/W2089552021', 'https://openalex.org/W2090424147', 'https://openalex.org/W2110589863', 'https://openalex.org/W2134543886', 'https://openalex.org/W2156583106'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2944702413', 'https://openalex.org/W2319609032', 'https://openalex.org/W2286439654', 'https://openalex.org/W2113859772', 'https://openalex.org/W2107134318', 'https://openalex.org/W2106686636', 'https://openalex.org/W2056650024', 'https://openalex.org/W2037629454', 'https://openalex.org/W2000267016', 'https://openalex.org/W1997512083'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Fullerene': [0], 'single-wall': [1], 'nanotubes': [2], '(SWNTs)': [3], 'were': [4, 81], 'produced': [5], 'in': [6, 34, 49, 77], 'yields': [7], 'of': [8, 15, 44, 58, 69, 87, 95, 104, 127, 129, 137], 'more': [9], 'than': [10], '70': [11], 'percent': [12], 'by': [13, 111, 121, 160], 'condensation': [14], 'a': [16, 50, 55, 84, 112], 'laser-vaporized': [17], 'carbon-nickel-cobalt': [18], 'mixture': [19], 'at': [20, 90], '1200degreesC.': [21], 'X-ray': [22], 'diffraction': [23], 'and': [24, 36, 133, 155], 'electron': [25], 'microscopy': [26], 'showed': [27], 'that': [28, 37, 68], 'these': [29], 'SWNTs': [30, 48], 'are': [31], 'nearly': [32], 'uniform': [33], 'diameter': [35, 97, 118], 'they': [38], 'self-organize': [39], 'into': [40], '"ropes,"': [41], 'which': [42], 'consist': [43], '100': [45], 'to': [46, 100], '500': [47], 'two-dimensional': [51], 'triangular': [52], 'lattice': [53, 56], 'with': [54, 67, 83, 152], 'constant': [57], '17': [59], 'angstroms.': [60], 'The': [61, 79, 93], 'x-ray': [62], 'form': [63], 'factor': [64], 'is': [65, 98, 119], 'consistent': [66], 'uniformly': [70], 'charged': [71], 'cylinders': [72], '13.8': [73], '+/-': [74], '0.2': [75], 'angstroms': [76], 'diameter.': [78], 'ropes': [80], 'metallic,': [82], 'single-rope': [85], 'resistivity': [86], '<10(-4)': [88], 'ohm-centimeters': [89], '300': [91], 'kelvin.': [92], 'uniformity': [94], 'SWNT': [96], 'attributed': [99], 'the': [101, 116, 124, 130, 134, 138, 148], 'efficient': [102], 'annealing': [103], 'an': [105, 156], 'initial': [106], 'fullerene': [107], 'tubelet': [108], 'kept': [109], 'open': [110, 139, 157], 'few': [113], 'metal': [114], 'atoms;': [115], 'optimum': [117], 'determined': [120], 'competition': [122], 'between': [123], 'strain': [125], 'energy': [126, 136], 'curvature': [128], 'graphene': [131], 'sheet': [132], 'dangling-bond': [135], 'edge,': [140], 'where': [141], 'growth': [142], 'occurs.': [143], 'These': [144], 'factors': [145], 'strongly': [146], 'favor': [147], 'metallic': [149], '(10,10)': [150], 'tube': [151], 'C5v': [153], 'symmetry': [154], 'edge': [158], 'stabilized': [159], 'triple': [161], 'bonds.': [162]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2008302913', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 50}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 70}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 107}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 124}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 127}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 159}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 161}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 121}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 140}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 147}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 206}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 215}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 222}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-12T22:45:26.771600', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}