Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2008255241', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.95.120405', 'title': 'Bell Inequalities for Graph States', 'display_name': 'Bell Inequalities for Graph States', 'publication_year': 2005, 'publication_date': '2005-09-14', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2008255241', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.95.120405', 'mag': '2008255241', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16197057'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.95.120405', 'pdf_url': 'http://link.aps.org/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.120405', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S24807848', 'display_name': 'Physical Review Letters', 'issn_l': '0031-9007', 'issn': ['0031-9007', '1079-7114', '1092-0145'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320261', 'host_organization_name': 'American Physical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320261'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Physical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'datacite', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'hybrid', 'oa_url': 'http://link.aps.org/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.120405', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5007599678', 'display_name': 'Otfried Gühne', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6033-0867'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I3132079568', 'display_name': 'Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information Innsbruck', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/056hzt889', 'country_code': 'AT', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I138211613', 'https://openalex.org/I3132079568']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I138211613', 'display_name': 'Austrian Academy of Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03anc3s24', 'country_code': 'AT', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I138211613']}], 'countries': ['AT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Otfried Gühne', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I3132079568', 'https://openalex.org/I138211613']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5029114692', 'display_name': 'G. Tóth', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9602-751X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210120293', 'display_name': 'Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01vekys64', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I149899117', 'https://openalex.org/I4210120293']}], 'countries': ['DE'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Géza Tóth', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210120293']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5109983151', 'display_name': 'Philipp Hyllus', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210123447', 'display_name': 'London Institute for Mathematical Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0390mzx53', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210123447']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I47508984', 'display_name': 'Imperial College London', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/041kmwe10', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I47508984']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114112103', 'display_name': 'Leibniz University Hannover', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0304hq317', 'country_code': 'DE', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114112103']}], 'countries': ['DE', 'GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Philipp Hyllus', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hannover, Appelstraße 2, D-30167 Hannover, Germany', "Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Imperial College London, 48 Prince's Gardens, SW7 London 2PE, United Kingdom"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': "Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Imperial College London, 48 Prince's Gardens, SW7 London 2PE, United Kingdom", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210123447', 'https://openalex.org/I47508984']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hannover, Appelstraße 2, D-30167 Hannover, Germany', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I114112103']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5009007803', 'display_name': 'Hans J. Briegel', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9065-1565'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I190249584', 'display_name': 'Universität Innsbruck', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/054pv6659', 'country_code': 'AT', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I190249584']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I3132079568', 'display_name': 'Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information Innsbruck', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/056hzt889', 'country_code': 'AT', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I138211613', 'https://openalex.org/I3132079568']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I138211613', 'display_name': 'Austrian Academy of Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03anc3s24', 'country_code': 'AT', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I138211613']}], 'countries': ['AT'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Hans J. Briegel', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria', 'Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I190249584']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Institut für Quantenoptik und Quanteninformation, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I3132079568', 'https://openalex.org/I138211613']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 3, 'institutions_distinct_count': 7, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3750, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3750, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 3750, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3750, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 5.902, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 207, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.99995, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '95', 'issue': '12', 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10622', 'display_name': 'Quantum Mechanics and Applications', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3107', 'display_name': 'Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10622', 'display_name': 'Quantum Mechanics and Applications', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3107', 'display_name': 'Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/31', 'display_name': 'Physics and Astronomy'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10020', 'display_name': 'Quantum Information and Cryptography', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10682', 'display_name': 'Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture', 'score': 0.9984, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121040770', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215675', 'display_name': 'Quantum entanglement', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6450561}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C132525143', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488', 'display_name': 'Graph', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.59365827}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C45555294', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351', 'display_name': 'Inequality', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5792024}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203087015', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378201', 'display_name': 'Qubit', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.51652116}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C128108043', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q388525', 'display_name': "Bell's theorem", 'level': 4, 'score': 0.45103416}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4508103}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C118615104', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416', 'display_name': 'Discrete mathematics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.34984222}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.24607572}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.21744153}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C84114770', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344', 'display_name': 'Quantum', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.20407021}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134306372', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754', 'display_name': 'Mathematical analysis', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.083194375}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 5, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.95.120405', 'pdf_url': 'http://link.aps.org/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.120405', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S24807848', 'display_name': 'Physical Review Letters', 'issn_l': '0031-9007', 'issn': ['0031-9007', '1079-7114', '1092-0145'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320261', 'host_organization_name': 'American Physical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320261'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Physical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.repo.uni-hannover.de/handle/123456789/16470', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.repo.uni-hannover.de/bitstream/123456789/16470/1/Bell_inequalities_for_graph_states.pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401575', 'display_name': 'Institutional Repository of Leibniz Universität Hannover (Leibniz Universität Hannover)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I114112103', 'host_organization_name': 'Leibniz University Hannover', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114112103'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Leibniz University Hannover'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0410059', 'pdf_url': 'http://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0410059', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400194', 'display_name': 'arXiv (Cornell University)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I205783295', 'host_organization_name': 'Cornell University', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I205783295'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Cornell University'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16197057', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://api.datacite.org/dois/10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0410059', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4393179698', 'display_name': 'DataCite API', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I4210145204', 'host_organization_name': 'DataCite', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210145204'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['DataCite'], 'type': 'metadata'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.95.120405', 'pdf_url': 'http://link.aps.org/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.120405', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S24807848', 'display_name': 'Physical Review Letters', 'issn_l': '0031-9007', 'issn': ['0031-9007', '1079-7114', '1092-0145'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320261', 'host_organization_name': 'American Physical Society', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320261'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['American Physical Society'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Reduced inequalities', 'score': 0.64, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': ['https://openalex.org/W2008255241'], 'referenced_works_count': 29, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1503834475', 'https://openalex.org/W1585695770', 'https://openalex.org/W1969705790', 'https://openalex.org/W1973912509', 'https://openalex.org/W1982683415', 'https://openalex.org/W1986556555', 'https://openalex.org/W1987549464', 'https://openalex.org/W1996788066', 'https://openalex.org/W2005287051', 'https://openalex.org/W2017156903', 'https://openalex.org/W2018098207', 'https://openalex.org/W2035993353', 'https://openalex.org/W2042723520', 'https://openalex.org/W2043508110', 'https://openalex.org/W2050884680', 'https://openalex.org/W2068640573', 'https://openalex.org/W2069711632', 'https://openalex.org/W2076697353', 'https://openalex.org/W2078356801', 'https://openalex.org/W2080770813', 'https://openalex.org/W2081006977', 'https://openalex.org/W2085957116', 'https://openalex.org/W2085972183', 'https://openalex.org/W2094119863', 'https://openalex.org/W2111107703', 'https://openalex.org/W2125874872', 'https://openalex.org/W2135830616', 'https://openalex.org/W2165148883', 'https://openalex.org/W4250261714'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W3104551701', 'https://openalex.org/W2946365274', 'https://openalex.org/W2741523612', 'https://openalex.org/W2258058860', 'https://openalex.org/W2254972281', 'https://openalex.org/W2199349817', 'https://openalex.org/W2102682197', 'https://openalex.org/W2065830994', 'https://openalex.org/W1985335136', 'https://openalex.org/W1964921276'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'We': [0, 49, 70], 'investigate': [1], 'the': [2, 58, 66, 80, 83, 87], 'nonlocal': [3], 'properties': [4, 77], 'of': [5, 15, 55, 60, 68, 82, 90], 'graph': [6, 31, 37, 56], 'states.': [7, 32], 'To': [8], 'this': [9], 'aim,': [10], 'we': [11], 'derive': [12], 'a': [13], 'family': [14], 'Bell': [16], 'inequalities': [17, 62], 'which': [18], 'require': [19], 'three': [20], 'measurement': [21], 'settings': [22], 'for': [23, 35, 52], 'each': [24, 36], 'party': [25], 'and': [26], 'are': [27], 'maximally': [28, 43], 'violated': [29, 44], 'by': [30, 46], 'In': [33], 'turn,': [34], 'state': [38], 'there': [39], 'is': [40], 'an': [41], 'inequality': [42], 'only': [45], 'that': [47, 51], 'state.': [48], 'show': [50], 'certain': [53], 'types': [54], 'states': [57], 'violation': [59], 'these': [61], 'increases': [63], 'exponentially': [64], 'with': [65], 'number': [67], 'qubits.': [69], 'also': [71], 'discuss': [72], 'connections': [73], 'to': [74], 'other': [75], 'entanglement': [76], 'such': [78], 'as': [79], 'positivity': [81], 'partial': [84], 'transpose': [85], 'or': [86], 'geometric': [88], 'measure': [89], 'entanglement.': [91]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2008255241', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 38}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 8}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-15T12:50:52.938119', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}