Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2007768935', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00252', 'title': 'Insect prophenoloxidase: the view beyond immunity', 'display_name': 'Insect prophenoloxidase: the view beyond immunity', 'publication_year': 2014, 'publication_date': '2014-07-11', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2007768935', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00252', 'mag': '2007768935', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25071597', 'pmcid': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4092376'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00252', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2014.00252/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S52732750', 'display_name': 'Frontiers in Physiology', 'issn_l': '1664-042X', 'issn': ['1664-042X'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320527', 'host_organization_name': 'Frontiers Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320527'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Frontiers Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'doaj', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'gold', 'oa_url': 'https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2014.00252/pdf', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100863471', 'display_name': 'Anrui Lu', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'display_name': 'Chinese Academy of Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/034t30j35', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Anrui Lu', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100395013', 'display_name': 'Qiaoli Zhang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4596-0665'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'display_name': 'Chinese Academy of Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/034t30j35', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Qiaoli Zhang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5100605156', 'display_name': 'Jie Zhang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3533-6877'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'display_name': 'Chinese Academy of Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/034t30j35', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jie Zhang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5101806575', 'display_name': 'Bing Yang', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6818-924X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'display_name': 'Chinese Academy of Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/034t30j35', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Bing Yang', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5089677723', 'display_name': 'Kai Wu', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3194-3856'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'display_name': 'Chinese Academy of Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/034t30j35', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Kai Wu', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5081732668', 'display_name': 'Wei Xie', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4550-6211'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'display_name': 'Chinese Academy of Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/034t30j35', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Wei Xie', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5009317372', 'display_name': 'Yun‐Xia Luan', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3573-7144'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'display_name': 'Chinese Academy of Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/034t30j35', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Yun-Xia Luan', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5016485135', 'display_name': 'Erjun Ling', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9916-0105'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I19820366', 'display_name': 'Chinese Academy of Sciences', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/034t30j35', 'country_code': 'CN', 'type': 'government', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366']}], 'countries': ['CN'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Erjun Ling', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I19820366']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 2950, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2950, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': {'value': 2950, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 2950, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'fwci': 2.082, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 271, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999018, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '5', 'issue': None, 'first_page': None, 'last_page': None}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11403', 'display_name': 'Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2403', 'display_name': 'Immunology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/24', 'display_name': 'Immunology and Microbiology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11403', 'display_name': 'Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2403', 'display_name': 'Immunology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/24', 'display_name': 'Immunology and Microbiology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10423', 'display_name': 'Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research', 'score': 0.9988, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2804', 'display_name': 'Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/28', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12336', 'display_name': 'Insect Utilization and Effects', 'score': 0.9982, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1109', 'display_name': 'Insect Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/prophenoloxidase', 'display_name': 'Prophenoloxidase', 'score': 0.9388144}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781271842', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17090067', 'display_name': 'Prophenoloxidase', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.9388144}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780312687', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366539', 'display_name': 'Manduca sexta', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.86193275}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777612826', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1390', 'display_name': 'Insect', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6998321}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.6425339}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C182220744', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7251226', 'display_name': 'Proteases', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.63420975}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136449434', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428253', 'display_name': 'Innate immune system', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6135448}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777807008', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q87324999', 'display_name': 'Serine protease', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5194901}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.51724154}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95444343', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141', 'display_name': 'Cell biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.35079813}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776714187', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212410', 'display_name': 'Protease', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.3494482}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C181199279', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047', 'display_name': 'Enzyme', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.27314097}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C170493617', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467', 'display_name': 'Receptor', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.24970123}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.15674025}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 5, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00252', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2014.00252/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S52732750', 'display_name': 'Frontiers in Physiology', 'issn_l': '1664-042X', 'issn': ['1664-042X'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320527', 'host_organization_name': 'Frontiers Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320527'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Frontiers Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doaj.org/article/1e21ffff4a724a80b4da89d185c3cfbe', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306401280', 'display_name': 'DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': None, 'host_organization_name': None, 'host_organization_lineage': [], 'host_organization_lineage_names': [], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4092376', 'pdf_url': 'https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc4092376?pdf=render', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306400806', 'display_name': 'Europe PMC (PubMed Central)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1303153112', 'host_organization_name': 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1303153112'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['European Bioinformatics Institute'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4092376', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S2764455111', 'display_name': 'PubMed Central', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25071597', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00252', 'pdf_url': 'https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2014.00252/pdf', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S52732750', 'display_name': 'Frontiers in Physiology', 'issn_l': '1664-042X', 'issn': ['1664-042X'], 'is_oa': True, 'is_in_doaj': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320527', 'host_organization_name': 'Frontiers Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320527'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Frontiers Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': 'cc-by', 'license_id': 'https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by', 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15', 'score': 0.53, 'display_name': 'Life on land'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 144, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W119307979', 'https://openalex.org/W1225996684', 'https://openalex.org/W1531204165', 'https://openalex.org/W1804989517', 'https://openalex.org/W189390247', 'https://openalex.org/W1964047219', 'https://openalex.org/W1965249399', 'https://openalex.org/W1968923229', 'https://openalex.org/W1969157447', 'https://openalex.org/W1969518214', 'https://openalex.org/W1969545685', 'https://openalex.org/W1971218701', 'https://openalex.org/W1973061857', 'https://openalex.org/W1974065100', 'https://openalex.org/W1975459967', 'https://openalex.org/W1977891171', 'https://openalex.org/W1978852670', 'https://openalex.org/W1981440814', 'https://openalex.org/W1981792173', 'https://openalex.org/W1981981460', 'https://openalex.org/W1989935359', 'https://openalex.org/W1990103625', 'https://openalex.org/W1992239228', 'https://openalex.org/W1994391912', 'https://openalex.org/W1997888230', 'https://openalex.org/W1998119431', 'https://openalex.org/W1998278278', 'https://openalex.org/W1998343308', 'https://openalex.org/W1999113367', 'https://openalex.org/W1999233489', 'https://openalex.org/W1999512125', 'https://openalex.org/W2000589080', 'https://openalex.org/W2001419566', 'https://openalex.org/W2002793735', 'https://openalex.org/W2002835408', 'https://openalex.org/W2003587139', 'https://openalex.org/W2004628412', 'https://openalex.org/W2005751717', 'https://openalex.org/W2006102854', 'https://openalex.org/W2007984372', 'https://openalex.org/W2008586137', 'https://openalex.org/W2008875912', 'https://openalex.org/W2009248193', 'https://openalex.org/W20093099', 'https://openalex.org/W2011521921', 'https://openalex.org/W2013385330', 'https://openalex.org/W2015088566', 'https://openalex.org/W2015435174', 'https://openalex.org/W2015446823', 'https://openalex.org/W2016186699', 'https://openalex.org/W2016867598', 'https://openalex.org/W2017617217', 'https://openalex.org/W2018400595', 'https://openalex.org/W2019731826', 'https://openalex.org/W2019916638', 'https://openalex.org/W2025846002', 'https://openalex.org/W2027425938', 'https://openalex.org/W2028302194', 'https://openalex.org/W2029395920', 'https://openalex.org/W2029478181', 'https://openalex.org/W2030668827', 'https://openalex.org/W2031470858', 'https://openalex.org/W2031865848', 'https://openalex.org/W2033099853', 'https://openalex.org/W2033191750', 'https://openalex.org/W2033379261', 'https://openalex.org/W2033906596', 'https://openalex.org/W2035389484', 'https://openalex.org/W2035891906', 'https://openalex.org/W2036302840', 'https://openalex.org/W2037159956', 'https://openalex.org/W2038469422', 'https://openalex.org/W2040007543', 'https://openalex.org/W2042539249', 'https://openalex.org/W2044314928', 'https://openalex.org/W2045416867', 'https://openalex.org/W2046228706', 'https://openalex.org/W2050462372', 'https://openalex.org/W2050848277', 'https://openalex.org/W2052148735', 'https://openalex.org/W2052811431', 'https://openalex.org/W2054893790', 'https://openalex.org/W2055490715', 'https://openalex.org/W2057057455', 'https://openalex.org/W2057183941', 'https://openalex.org/W2058967561', 'https://openalex.org/W2059237201', 'https://openalex.org/W2060656097', 'https://openalex.org/W2060817478', 'https://openalex.org/W2064003574', 'https://openalex.org/W2067235924', 'https://openalex.org/W2068190255', 'https://openalex.org/W2068988407', 'https://openalex.org/W2070682210', 'https://openalex.org/W2070708699', 'https://openalex.org/W2070709792', 'https://openalex.org/W2072905984', 'https://openalex.org/W2073351407', 'https://openalex.org/W2075172818', 'https://openalex.org/W2077586513', 'https://openalex.org/W2079955869', 'https://openalex.org/W2080101450', 'https://openalex.org/W2080192559', 'https://openalex.org/W2084351687', 'https://openalex.org/W2084419264', 'https://openalex.org/W2086315284', 'https://openalex.org/W2088351092', 'https://openalex.org/W2090511341', 'https://openalex.org/W2091137560', 'https://openalex.org/W2094440417', 'https://openalex.org/W2102517829', 'https://openalex.org/W2102549002', 'https://openalex.org/W2121715322', 'https://openalex.org/W2125912444', 'https://openalex.org/W2127983416', 'https://openalex.org/W2128058177', 'https://openalex.org/W2128636054', 'https://openalex.org/W2129710963', 'https://openalex.org/W2130168202', 'https://openalex.org/W2131596823', 'https://openalex.org/W2134741924', 'https://openalex.org/W2143733290', 'https://openalex.org/W2147853830', 'https://openalex.org/W2148848583', 'https://openalex.org/W2149103101', 'https://openalex.org/W2150865925', 'https://openalex.org/W2152457344', 'https://openalex.org/W2154626064', 'https://openalex.org/W2156075933', 'https://openalex.org/W2171353843', 'https://openalex.org/W2171470413', 'https://openalex.org/W2175870498', 'https://openalex.org/W2180848245', 'https://openalex.org/W2184200809', 'https://openalex.org/W2190283986', 'https://openalex.org/W2438360418', 'https://openalex.org/W2762544374', 'https://openalex.org/W293124339', 'https://openalex.org/W4211172921', 'https://openalex.org/W4234505544', 'https://openalex.org/W4235889269', 'https://openalex.org/W4251286518', 'https://openalex.org/W4390472981', 'https://openalex.org/W48445379'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4223636622', 'https://openalex.org/W3084160745', 'https://openalex.org/W2171353843', 'https://openalex.org/W2134741924', 'https://openalex.org/W2077586513', 'https://openalex.org/W2063370843', 'https://openalex.org/W2031143658', 'https://openalex.org/W2017473062', 'https://openalex.org/W2008875912', 'https://openalex.org/W1968325512'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Insect': [0, 33], 'prophenoloxidase': [1], '(PPO)': [2], 'is': [3, 47, 221], 'an': [4, 180], 'important': [5, 57], 'innate': [6], 'immunity': [7, 235], 'protein': [8], 'due': [9], 'to': [10, 20, 75, 91, 134, 143, 146, 182, 225], 'its': [11], 'involvement': [12], 'in': [13, 29, 236], 'cellular': [14], 'and': [15, 42, 64, 69, 97, 140, 156, 175, 188, 191, 215], 'humoral': [16], 'defense.': [17], 'It': [18], 'belongs': [19], 'a': [21, 40, 108, 205], 'group': [22], 'of': [23, 102, 150, 169, 234], 'type-3': [24, 185], 'copper-containing': [25], 'proteins': [26], 'that': [27, 107, 160, 201, 219], 'occurs': [28], 'almost': [30], 'all': [31], 'organisms.': [32], 'PPO': [34, 44, 52, 78, 105, 162, 173, 203, 230], 'has': [35, 204], 'been': [36, 165], 'studied': [37], 'for': [38, 223], 'over': [39], 'century,': [41], 'the': [43, 116, 131, 136, 147, 170, 232], 'activation': [45, 53, 79], 'cascade': [46], 'becoming': [48], 'clearer.': [49], 'The': [50, 99], 'insect': [51, 83, 202, 229], 'pathway': [54], 'incorporates': [55], 'several': [56], 'proteins,': [58, 187], 'including': [59], 'pattern-recognition': [60], 'receptors': [61], '(PGRP,': [62], 'βGRP': [63], 'C-type': [65], 'lectins),': [66], 'serine': [67, 70], 'proteases,': [68], 'protease': [71], 'inhibitors': [72], '(serpins).': [73], 'Due': [74], 'their': [76, 193], 'complexity,': [77], 'mechanisms': [80], 'vary': [81], 'among': [82], 'species.': [84], 'Activated': [85], 'phenoloxidase': [86], '(PO)': [87], 'oxidizes': [88], 'phenolic': [89], 'molecules': [90], 'produce': [92], 'melanin': [93], 'around': [94], 'invading': [95], 'pathogens': [96], 'wounds.': [98], 'crystal': [100, 148], 'structure': [101, 149, 174], 'Manduca': [103], 'sexta': [104, 152], 'shows': [106], 'conserved': [109], 'amino': [110, 158], 'acid,': [111], 'phenylalanine': [112], '(F),': [113], 'can': [114], 'block': [115], 'active': [117, 137], 'site': [118, 138], 'pocket.': [119], 'During': [120], 'activation,': [121], 'this': [122, 237], 'blocker': [123], 'must': [124], 'be': [125], 'dislodged': [126], 'or': [127], 'even': [128], 'cleaved': [129], 'at': [130], 'N-terminal': [132], 'sequence': [133], 'expose': [135], 'pockets': [139], 'allow': [141], 'substrates': [142], 'enter.': [144], 'Thanks': [145], 'M.': [151], 'PPO,': [153], 'some': [154], 'domains': [155], 'specific': [157], 'acids': [159], 'affect': [161], 'activities': [163, 177], 'have': [164], 'identified.': [166], 'Further': [167], 'studies': [168], 'relationship': [171, 206], 'between': [172], 'enzyme': [176], 'will': [178], 'provide': [179], 'opportunity': [181], 'examine': [183], 'other': [184], 'copper': [186], 'trace': [189], 'when': [190], 'why': [192], 'various': [194], 'physiological': [195], 'functions': [196], 'evolved.': [197], 'Recent': [198], 'researches': [199], 'show': [200], 'with': [207], 'neuron': [208], 'activity,': [209], 'longevity,': [210], 'feces': [211], 'melanization': [212], '(phytophagous': [213], 'insects)': [214], 'development,': [216], 'which': [217], 'suggests': [218], 'it': [220], 'time': [222], 'us': [224], 'look': [226], 'back': [227], 'on': [228], 'beyond': [231], 'view': [233], 'review.': [238]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2007768935', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 22}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 27}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 36}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 37}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 35}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 30}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 27}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 23}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 17}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-17T12:23:16.796141', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}