Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2006786580', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2736(78)90081-0', 'title': 'Release of a special fraction of the outer membrane from both growing and phage T4-infected Escherichia coli B', 'display_name': 'Release of a special fraction of the outer membrane from both growing and phage T4-infected Escherichia coli B', 'publication_year': 1978, 'publication_date': '1978-12-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2006786580', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2736(78)90081-0', 'mag': '2006786580', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/363149'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2736(78)90081-0', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210187475', 'display_name': 'Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes', 'issn_l': '0005-2736', 'issn': ['0005-2736', '1879-2642'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5017113580', 'display_name': 'Marilyn R. Loeb', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I193531525', 'display_name': 'George Washington University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00y4zzh67', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I193531525']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210135078', 'display_name': 'Washington University Medical Center', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/036c27j91', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210135078']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Marilyn R. Loeb', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Microbiology, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2300 Eye Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20037 U.S.A.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Microbiology, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2300 Eye Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20037 U.S.A.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I193531525', 'https://openalex.org/I4210135078']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5004679562', 'display_name': 'Jan Kilner', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210135078', 'display_name': 'Washington University Medical Center', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/036c27j91', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210135078']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I193531525', 'display_name': 'George Washington University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00y4zzh67', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I193531525']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Jan Kilner', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Microbiology, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2300 Eye Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20037 U.S.A.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Microbiology, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2300 Eye Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20037 U.S.A.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210135078', 'https://openalex.org/I193531525']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3980, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3980, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 2.157, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 57, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.943567, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 95, 'max': 96}, 'biblio': {'volume': '514', 'issue': '1', 'first_page': '117', 'last_page': '127'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10120', 'display_name': 'Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1311', 'display_name': 'Genetics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10120', 'display_name': 'Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1311', 'display_name': 'Genetics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10943', 'display_name': 'Escherichia coli research studies', 'score': 0.9992, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1310', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11048', 'display_name': 'Bacteriophages and microbial interactions', 'score': 0.9983, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2303', 'display_name': 'Ecology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-envelope', 'display_name': 'Cell envelope', 'score': 0.7441417}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/inner-membrane', 'display_name': 'Inner membrane', 'score': 0.72740495}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C146587185', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258248', 'display_name': 'Bacterial outer membrane', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.9035389}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C547475151', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25419', 'display_name': 'Escherichia coli', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7998805}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C46371251', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4886486', 'display_name': 'Cell envelope', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.7441417}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C65871279', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42884945', 'display_name': 'Inner membrane', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.72740495}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41625074', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088', 'display_name': 'Membrane', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.70678467}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5072841}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C40231798', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333743', 'display_name': 'Composition (language)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4959403}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144647389', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423042', 'display_name': 'Membrane protein', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41611966}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.4114083}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.30824393}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.08028671}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41895202', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162', 'display_name': 'Linguistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D001426', 'descriptor_name': 'Bacterial Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002462', 'descriptor_name': 'Cell Membrane', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003090', 'descriptor_name': 'Coliphages', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004926', 'descriptor_name': 'Escherichia coli', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008565', 'descriptor_name': 'Membrane Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000378', 'qualifier_name': 'metabolism', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001426', 'descriptor_name': 'Bacterial Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001426', 'descriptor_name': 'Bacterial Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000302', 'qualifier_name': 'isolation & purification', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002462', 'descriptor_name': 'Cell Membrane', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003090', 'descriptor_name': 'Coliphages', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004926', 'descriptor_name': 'Escherichia coli', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008565', 'descriptor_name': 'Membrane Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000302', 'qualifier_name': 'isolation & purification', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008565', 'descriptor_name': 'Membrane Proteins', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008970', 'descriptor_name': 'Molecular Weight', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013045', 'descriptor_name': 'Species Specificity', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2736(78)90081-0', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4210187475', 'display_name': 'Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes', 'issn_l': '0005-2736', 'issn': ['0005-2736', '1879-2642'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/363149', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.47, 'display_name': 'Life on land', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 30, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1484985247', 'https://openalex.org/W1496635908', 'https://openalex.org/W1501887526', 'https://openalex.org/W1535602094', 'https://openalex.org/W1546541472', 'https://openalex.org/W1552791643', 'https://openalex.org/W1568626610', 'https://openalex.org/W1648158953', 'https://openalex.org/W1697436568', 'https://openalex.org/W1775749144', 'https://openalex.org/W1854759023', 'https://openalex.org/W1872714807', 'https://openalex.org/W1896531654', 'https://openalex.org/W1936789418', 'https://openalex.org/W1967351864', 'https://openalex.org/W2006365556', 'https://openalex.org/W2011683499', 'https://openalex.org/W2038063210', 'https://openalex.org/W2054676407', 'https://openalex.org/W2055904313', 'https://openalex.org/W2061332018', 'https://openalex.org/W2073879684', 'https://openalex.org/W2075489324', 'https://openalex.org/W2100837269', 'https://openalex.org/W2101848104', 'https://openalex.org/W2113076908', 'https://openalex.org/W2146567236', 'https://openalex.org/W2152311269', 'https://openalex.org/W2282054059', 'https://openalex.org/W343668805'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W395663965', 'https://openalex.org/W3129288667', 'https://openalex.org/W3089037174', 'https://openalex.org/W3043752923', 'https://openalex.org/W2615823793', 'https://openalex.org/W2239147181', 'https://openalex.org/W2110684720', 'https://openalex.org/W2035402597', 'https://openalex.org/W2006786580', 'https://openalex.org/W153102558'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2006786580', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 4}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-08T04:16:41.261218', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}