Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2005763377', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<1107:gonfdl>2.3.co;2', 'title': 'Growth of normal faults: Displacement-length scaling', 'display_name': 'Growth of normal faults: Displacement-length scaling', 'publication_year': 1993, 'publication_date': '1993-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2005763377', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<1107:gonfdl>2.3.co;2', 'mag': '2005763377'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<1107:gonfdl>2.3.co;2', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S56162041', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'issn_l': '0091-7613', 'issn': ['0091-7613', '1943-2682'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319845', 'host_organization_name': 'Geological Society of America', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319845'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Geological Society of America'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5061485342', 'display_name': 'Nancye H. Dawers', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4015-7697'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I152304114', 'display_name': 'Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02e2tgs60', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I152304114', 'https://openalex.org/I78577930']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I78577930', 'display_name': 'Columbia University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hj8s172', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I78577930']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Nancye H. Dawers', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and Department of Geological Sciences, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and Department of Geological Sciences, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I152304114', 'https://openalex.org/I78577930']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5108602580', 'display_name': 'Mark H. Anders', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I78577930', 'display_name': 'Columbia University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hj8s172', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I78577930']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I152304114', 'display_name': 'Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02e2tgs60', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I152304114', 'https://openalex.org/I78577930']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Mark H. Anders', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and Department of Geological Sciences, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and Department of Geological Sciences, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I78577930', 'https://openalex.org/I152304114']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5028587777', 'display_name': 'Christopher H. Scholz', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3509-8429'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I152304114', 'display_name': 'Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02e2tgs60', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I152304114', 'https://openalex.org/I78577930']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I78577930', 'display_name': 'Columbia University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hj8s172', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I78577930']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Christopher H. Scholz', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and Department of Geological Sciences, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and Department of Geological Sciences, Columbia University, Palisades, New York 10964', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I152304114', 'https://openalex.org/I78577930']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 8.704, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 477, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999764, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 99, 'max': 100}, 'biblio': {'volume': '21', 'issue': '12', 'first_page': '1107', 'last_page': '1107'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10110', 'display_name': 'earthquake and tectonic studies', 'score': 0.9974, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1908', 'display_name': 'Geophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10110', 'display_name': 'earthquake and tectonic studies', 'score': 0.9974, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1908', 'display_name': 'Geophysics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/19', 'display_name': 'Earth and Planetary Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13018', 'display_name': 'Seismology and Earthquake Studies', 'score': 0.996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12157', 'display_name': 'Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping', 'score': 0.9918, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1702', 'display_name': 'Artificial Intelligence'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/icon', 'display_name': 'Icon', 'score': 0.6261507}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/haystack', 'display_name': 'Haystack', 'score': 0.46289057}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778805511', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1713', 'display_name': 'Citation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.74498004}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778447006', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156474', 'display_name': 'Icon', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6261507}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.49912167}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C13424479', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5687237', 'display_name': 'Haystack', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46289057}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C23123220', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826', 'display_name': 'Information retrieval', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.45321578}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C161191863', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655', 'display_name': 'Library science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.40825602}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.36469406}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136764020', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466', 'display_name': 'World Wide Web', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3405347}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143', 'display_name': 'Programming language', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<1107:gonfdl>2.3.co;2', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S56162041', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'issn_l': '0091-7613', 'issn': ['0091-7613', '1943-2682'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319845', 'host_organization_name': 'Geological Society of America', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319845'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Geological Society of America'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4253878822', 'https://openalex.org/W4210692028', 'https://openalex.org/W3174858427', 'https://openalex.org/W2808729870', 'https://openalex.org/W2748952813', 'https://openalex.org/W2479343091', 'https://openalex.org/W2278064783', 'https://openalex.org/W1972480475', 'https://openalex.org/W1965563707', 'https://openalex.org/W1736550718'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Research': [0], 'Article|': [1], 'December': [2], '01,': [3], '1993': [4], 'Growth': [5, 149], 'of': [6, 22, 53, 84, 150, 200, 209, 215, 219, 264, 285], 'normal': [7, 151, 237], 'faults:': [8, 152], 'Displacement-length': [9, 153], 'scaling': [10, 202], 'Nancye': [11, 14, 140], 'H.': [12, 15, 43, 46, 74, 77, 141, 144, 147], 'Dawers;': [13], 'Dawers': [16], '1Lamont-Doherty': [17, 48, 79], 'Earth': [18, 49, 80], 'Observatory': [19, 50, 81], 'and': [20, 51, 82, 207, 223, 231, 269, 277, 318], 'Department': [21, 52, 83], 'Geological': [23, 54, 85], 'Sciences,': [24, 55, 86], 'Columbia': [25, 56, 87], 'University,': [26, 57, 88], 'Palisades,': [27, 58, 89], 'New': [28, 59, 90], 'York': [29, 60, 91], '10964': [30, 61, 92], 'Search': [31, 62, 93, 137, 177, 184, 194, 196], 'for': [32, 63, 94], 'other': [33, 64, 95], 'works': [34, 65, 96], 'by': [35, 66, 97], 'this': [36, 67, 98, 345], 'author': [37, 68, 99], 'on:': [38, 69, 100], 'GSW': [39, 70, 101], 'Google': [40, 71, 102], 'Scholar': [41, 72, 103], 'Mark': [42, 45, 143], 'Anders;': [44], 'Anders': [47], 'Christopher': [73, 76, 146], 'Scholz': [75, 78], 'Geology': [104, 155], '(1993)': [105], '21': [106, 157], '(12):': [107, 158], '1107–1110.': [108, 159], 'https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1993)021<1107:GONFDL>2.3.CO;2': [109, 161], 'Article': [110], 'history': [111], 'first': [112], 'online:': [113], '02': [114], 'Jun': [115], '2017': [116], 'Cite': [117], 'View': [118], 'This': [119, 321], 'Citation': [120, 123, 139], 'Add': [121], 'to': [122, 332, 344, 349], 'Manager': [124], 'Share': [125, 127], 'Icon': [126, 133], 'Facebook': [128], 'Twitter': [129], 'LinkedIn': [130], 'MailTo': [131], 'Tools': [132, 134], 'Get': [135], 'Permissions': [136], 'Site': [138], 'Dawers,': [142], 'Anders,': [145], 'Scholz;': [148], 'scaling.': [154], '1993;;': [156], 'doi:': [160], 'Download': [162], 'citation': [163], 'file:': [164], 'Ris': [165], '(Zotero)': [166], 'Refmanager': [167], 'EasyBib': [168], 'Bookends': [169], 'Mendeley': [170], 'Papers': [171], 'EndNote': [172], 'RefWorks': [173], 'BibTex': [174], 'toolbar': [175, 180], 'search': [176, 181, 182, 190], 'Dropdown': [178], 'Menu': [179], 'input': [183, 185], 'auto': [186], 'suggest': [187], 'filter': [188], 'your': [189, 350], 'All': [191], 'ContentBy': [192], 'SocietyGeology': [193], 'Advanced': [195], 'Abstract': [197], 'The': [198, 306], 'form': [199], 'the': [201, 205, 241, 281, 286, 295, 329], 'relation': [203, 315], 'between': [204, 316], 'displacement': [206, 230, 296, 307, 317], 'length': [208, 232, 268], 'faults': [210, 238, 300], 'has': [211], 'been': [212], 'a': [213, 257, 273, 293, 313], 'subject': [214], 'considerable': [216], 'controversy': [217], 'because': [218], 'insufficient': [220], 'scale': [221], 'range': [222], 'scattered': [224], 'data.': [225], 'Here': [226], 'we': [227], 'report': [228], 'on': [229, 240, 328], 'data': [233], 'collected': [234], 'from': [235, 256], 'well-exposed': [236], 'located': [239], 'Volcanic': [242], 'Tableland': [243], 'in': [244, 266, 272, 304], 'northern': [245], 'Owens': [246], 'Valley,': [247], 'California.': [248], 'These': [249], 'data,': [250], 'which': [251], 'exhibit': [252], 'little': [253], 'scatter,': [254], 'are': [255, 310], 'fault': [258, 267, 319], 'population': [259], 'that': [260], 'spans': [261], 'three': [262], 'orders': [263], 'magnitude': [265], 'were': [270], 'gathered': [271], 'relatively': [274], 'uniform': [275], 'lithologic': [276], 'tectonic': [278], 'setting.': [279], 'With': [280], 'upper': [282], 'cooling': [283], 'surface': [284], 'middle': [287], 'Quaternary': [288], 'Bishop': [289], 'Tuff': [290], 'used': [291], 'as': [292], 'marker,': [294], 'distribution': [297, 308], 'along': [298], 'individual': [299], 'can': [301], 'be': [302], 'mapped': [303], 'detail.': [305], 'profiles': [309], 'consistent': [311], 'with': [312], 'linear': [314], 'length.': [320], 'content': [322], 'is': [323], 'PDF': [324, 330], 'only.': [325], 'Please': [326], 'click': [327], 'icon': [331], 'access.': [333, 359], 'First': [334], 'Page': [335], 'Preview': [336], 'Close': [337], 'Modal': [338], 'You': [339], 'do': [340], 'not': [341], 'have': [342, 358], 'access': [343], 'content,': [346], 'please': [347], 'speak': [348], 'institutional': [351], 'administrator': [352], 'if': [353], 'you': [354, 356], 'feel': [355], 'should': [357]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2005763377', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 19}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 34}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 33}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 21}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 26}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 11}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-07T02:46:56.244324', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}