Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W2000358008', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008783414017', 'title': None, 'display_name': None, 'publication_year': 2000, 'publication_date': '2000-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W2000358008', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008783414017', 'mag': '2000358008'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008783414017', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S98984247', 'display_name': 'Computational Economics', 'issn_l': '0927-7099', 'issn': ['0927-7099', '1572-9974'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5020596994', 'display_name': 'Mehrdaad Ghorashi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9573-3148'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I133529467', 'display_name': 'Sharif University of Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/024c2fq17', 'country_code': 'IR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I133529467']}], 'countries': ['IR'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Mehrdaad Ghorashi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, P.O. Box 11365-9567, Iran'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, P.O. Box 11365-9567, Iran', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I133529467']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5020596994'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I133529467'], 'apc_list': {'value': 2390, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 2990, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 58}, 'biblio': {'volume': '15', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '251', 'last_page': '272'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10393', 'display_name': 'Institutions and Economic Growth: Empirical Investigations and Theories', 'score': 0.9986, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10393', 'display_name': 'Institutions and Economic Growth: Empirical Investigations and Theories', 'score': 0.9986, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11770', 'display_name': 'Impact of Infrastructure and Taxation on Economic Growth', 'score': 0.973, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2002', 'display_name': 'Economics and Econometrics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/20', 'display_name': 'Economics, Econometrics and Finance'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/moral-hazard', 'display_name': 'Moral hazard', 'score': 0.81631327}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/overlapping-generations-model', 'display_name': 'Overlapping generations model', 'score': 0.72778976}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/altruism', 'display_name': 'Altruism (biology)', 'score': 0.5812044}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-taxation', 'display_name': 'Optimal Taxation', 'score': 0.551612}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/capital', 'display_name': 'Capital (architecture)', 'score': 0.42012882}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780202544', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44454', 'display_name': 'Moral hazard', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.81631327}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C7386506', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1036426', 'display_name': 'Overlapping generations model', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.72778976}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.70604736}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C145097563', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747', 'display_name': 'Payment', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5874086}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780279448', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2559380', 'display_name': 'Altruism (biology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5812044}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778137410', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820', 'display_name': 'Government (linguistics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5458172}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C175444787', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072', 'display_name': 'Microeconomics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.53328115}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C14036430', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076', 'display_name': 'Function (biology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.52270544}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C83646750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193893', 'display_name': 'Capital (architecture)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42012882}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C49261128', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132455', 'display_name': 'Hazard', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41513154}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C182306322', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371', 'display_name': 'Order (exchange)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4115963}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C29122968', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816', 'display_name': 'Incentive', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.17744616}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C10138342', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015', 'display_name': 'Finance', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.16028553}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C15744967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418', 'display_name': 'Psychology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C77805123', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272', 'display_name': 'Social psychology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95457728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309', 'display_name': 'History', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C166957645', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498', 'display_name': 'Archaeology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41895202', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162', 'display_name': 'Linguistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C78458016', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400', 'display_name': 'Evolutionary biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1008783414017', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S98984247', 'display_name': 'Computational Economics', 'issn_l': '0927-7099', 'issn': ['0927-7099', '1572-9974'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.7, 'display_name': 'No poverty', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 8, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1563515082', 'https://openalex.org/W1963883253', 'https://openalex.org/W2022569121', 'https://openalex.org/W2064061280', 'https://openalex.org/W2066823663', 'https://openalex.org/W2070631858', 'https://openalex.org/W2111034925', 'https://openalex.org/W3123281291'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4250344265', 'https://openalex.org/W4242745306', 'https://openalex.org/W4210248620', 'https://openalex.org/W3125743768', 'https://openalex.org/W2939061046', 'https://openalex.org/W2912030734', 'https://openalex.org/W2786619868', 'https://openalex.org/W2429818426', 'https://openalex.org/W2173620395', 'https://openalex.org/W2038882739'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2000358008', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-08-22T09:20:45.266928', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}