Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1999631547', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3089.2003.02040.x', 'title': 'Pig islet xenografts are resistant to autoimmune destruction by non‐obese diabetic recipients after anti‐CD4 treatment', 'display_name': 'Pig islet xenografts are resistant to autoimmune destruction by non‐obese diabetic recipients after anti‐CD4 treatment', 'publication_year': 2003, 'publication_date': '2003-02-14', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1999631547', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3089.2003.02040.x', 'mag': '1999631547', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12588650'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3089.2003.02040.x', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S102890116', 'display_name': 'Xenotransplantation', 'issn_l': '0908-665X', 'issn': ['0908-665X', '1399-3089'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_indexed_in_scopus': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5028104289', 'display_name': 'Maria Koulmanda', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Maria Koulmanda', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Islet Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Surgery,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Islet Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Surgery,', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5066885560', 'display_name': 'Andi Qipo', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Andi Qipo', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Islet Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Surgery,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Islet Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Surgery,', 'institution_ids': []}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5038605279', 'display_name': 'R. Neal Smith', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4493-9162'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I136199984', 'display_name': 'Harvard University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03vek6s52', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I136199984']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210087915', 'display_name': 'Massachusetts General Hospital', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/002pd6e78', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'healthcare', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210087915', 'https://openalex.org/I48633490']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'R. Neal Smith', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I136199984', 'https://openalex.org/I4210087915']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5024609857', 'display_name': 'Hugh Auchincloss', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Hugh Auchincloss', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Islet Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Surgery,'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Islet Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Surgery,', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 4120, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4120, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 3.014, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 31, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.785557, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 88, 'max': 89}, 'biblio': {'volume': '10', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '178', 'last_page': '184'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10839', 'display_name': 'Pancreatic function and diabetes', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10839', 'display_name': 'Pancreatic function and diabetes', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12654', 'display_name': 'Xenotransplantation and immune response', 'score': 0.9991, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2746', 'display_name': 'Surgery'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11171', 'display_name': 'Diabetes and associated disorders', 'score': 0.9972, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1311', 'display_name': 'Genetics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/nod-mice', 'display_name': 'NOD mice', 'score': 0.82376456}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/immunosuppression', 'display_name': 'Immunosuppression', 'score': 0.76375455}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/xenotransplantation', 'display_name': 'Xenotransplantation', 'score': 0.5444123}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780130043', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192360', 'display_name': 'Autoimmunity', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.892967}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55851684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q518390', 'display_name': 'Nod', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8526901}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778013207', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1961243', 'display_name': 'NOD mice', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.82376456}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C165220095', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207524', 'display_name': 'Islet', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8048859}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780252810', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455316', 'display_name': 'Immunosuppression', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.76375455}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C203014093', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929', 'display_name': 'Immunology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.58097714}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2911091166', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106419912', 'display_name': 'Transplantation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.57792276}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5764882}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778442404', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55505', 'display_name': 'Xenotransplantation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5444123}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781232474', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124407', 'display_name': 'Type 1 diabetes', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.51808}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779280383', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q257331', 'display_name': 'Streptozotocin', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.43371958}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C555293320', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206', 'display_name': 'Diabetes mellitus', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.41099706}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159654299', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460', 'display_name': 'Antibody', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.31894052}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.28840172}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134018914', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.26633233}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D015551', 'descriptor_name': 'Autoimmunity', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015496', 'descriptor_name': 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003922', 'descriptor_name': 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016381', 'descriptor_name': 'Islets of Langerhans Transplantation', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014183', 'descriptor_name': 'Transplantation, Heterologous', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000906', 'descriptor_name': 'Antibodies', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000906', 'descriptor_name': 'Antibodies', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015551', 'descriptor_name': 'Autoimmunity', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D015496', 'descriptor_name': 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003920', 'descriptor_name': 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003921', 'descriptor_name': 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003921', 'descriptor_name': 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000601', 'qualifier_name': 'surgery', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003921', 'descriptor_name': 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003922', 'descriptor_name': 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003922', 'descriptor_name': 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000601', 'qualifier_name': 'surgery', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006085', 'descriptor_name': 'Graft Survival', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006085', 'descriptor_name': 'Graft Survival', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000276', 'qualifier_name': 'immunology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016381', 'descriptor_name': 'Islets of Langerhans Transplantation', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051379', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008807', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D016688', 'descriptor_name': 'Mice, Inbred NOD', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009765', 'descriptor_name': 'Obesity', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013552', 'descriptor_name': 'Swine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014183', 'descriptor_name': 'Transplantation, Heterologous', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3089.2003.02040.x', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S102890116', 'display_name': 'Xenotransplantation', 'issn_l': '0908-665X', 'issn': ['0908-665X', '1399-3089'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_indexed_in_scopus': True, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12588650', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_indexed_in_scopus': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being', 'score': 0.84}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 15, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1600662889', 'https://openalex.org/W174290148', 'https://openalex.org/W177991497', 'https://openalex.org/W1966323287', 'https://openalex.org/W2050425331', 'https://openalex.org/W2058995185', 'https://openalex.org/W2060275191', 'https://openalex.org/W2074611783', 'https://openalex.org/W2094254178', 'https://openalex.org/W2130602539', 'https://openalex.org/W2167376620', 'https://openalex.org/W2412901163', 'https://openalex.org/W4234869788', 'https://openalex.org/W4251829470', 'https://openalex.org/W56813028'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2410457253', 'https://openalex.org/W2126232873', 'https://openalex.org/W2120091065', 'https://openalex.org/W2100599721', 'https://openalex.org/W2082706464', 'https://openalex.org/W2076513055', 'https://openalex.org/W2003431906', 'https://openalex.org/W1999631547', 'https://openalex.org/W1763016828', 'https://openalex.org/W11189207'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract:': [0], 'In': [1], 'addition': [2], 'to': [3, 106, 137], 'providing': [4], 'a': [5], 'large': [6], 'source': [7], 'of': [8, 42, 59, 94, 100, 112, 161], 'donor': [9], 'tissue,': [10], 'xenogeneic': [11, 29], 'islet': [12, 70, 150], 'transplantation': [13], 'might': [14], 'avoid': [15], 'recurrent': [16, 138], 'autoimmunity': [17, 77, 139], 'in': [18, 37, 81, 90, 97, 109, 147, 153], 'patients': [19], 'with': [20, 67], 'type': [21], '1': [22], 'diabetes.': [23], 'To': [24], 'examine': [25], 'this': [26], 'possibility': [27], 'further,': [28], 'pig': [30, 122, 133], 'islets': [31, 134], 'were': [32, 57, 86], 'transplanted': [33], 'into': [34], 'recipient': [35], 'mice': [36, 64, 119], 'the': [38, 55, 91, 98, 159], 'presence': [39], 'or': [40, 53], 'absence': [41, 99], 'autoimmunity.': [43, 163], 'Spontaneously,': [44], 'non‐obese': [45], 'diabetic': [46, 66], '(NOD)': [47], 'recipients': [48, 56, 96, 114, 155], 'rejected': [49, 87], 'isografts': [50, 71], 'rapidly': [51], 'whether': [52], 'not': [54, 79], 'depleted': [58], 'CD4+': [60, 141], 'T‐cells.': [61], 'Young': [62], 'NOD': [63, 95, 113, 154], 'made': [65], 'streptozotocin': [68], 'accepted': [69, 121], 'without': [72], 'immunosuppression,': [73], 'indicating': [74], 'that': [75, 132], 'destructive': [76, 162], 'did': [78], 'develop': [80], 'these': [82], 'recipients.': [83], 'Pig': [84], 'xenografts': [85, 123], 'equally': [88], 'quickly': [89], 'two': [92], 'types': [93, 111], 'immunosuppression': [101], 'and': [102], 'survived': [103], 'for': [104], 'up': [105], '9': [107], 'weeks': [108], 'both': [110], 'after': [115, 125], 'CD4': [116], 'depletion.': [117], 'BALB/c': [118], 'often': [120], 'indefinitely': [124], 'anti‐CD4': [126], 'antibody': [127], 'treatment.': [128], 'These': [129], 'results': [130], 'suggest': [131], 'are': [135, 143], 'resistant': [136], 'when': [140], 'T‐cells': [142], 'depleted.': [144], 'The': [145], 'difficulty': [146], 'obtaining': [148], 'indefinite': [149], 'xenograft': [151], 'survival': [152], 'occurs': [156], 'independently': [157], 'from': [158], 'development': [160]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1999631547', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 4}], 'updated_date': '2025-01-23T01:54:47.553071', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}