Publication Information

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455, 459, 473, 507, 561, 566, 602, 629, 632, 640, 644, 651, 655, 659, 666, 675, 687, 690, 695, 700, 704, 708, 718, 728, 732, 737, 745, 769, 775, 779, 784, 789, 800, 804, 807, 816, 820, 823, 829, 839, 848, 855, 859, 882, 890, 895, 898, 904, 907, 914, 920, 927, 943, 950, 976, 979, 981, 995, 1001, 1062, 1068, 1078, 1081, 1094, 1114, 1154, 1161, 1166, 1187, 1194, 1278, 1331, 1358, 1385, 1395, 1414, 1437, 1441, 1444, 1453, 1486, 1546, 1589, 1619, 1640, 1692, 1698, 1745, 1750, 1787, 1829, 1835, 1850, 1855, 1861, 1864, 1874, 1889, 1942, 2002, 2070, 2163, 2244, 2252, 2282, 2343, 2360, 2371, 2391, 2405, 2453, 2463, 2483, 2491, 2496, 2510, 2518, 2572, 2599, 2765, 2836, 2844, 2900, 2912, 2957, 2966, 2972, 3008, 3017, 3027, 3069, 3079, 3090, 3108, 3118, 3143, 3175, 3179, 3201, 3266, 3291, 3349, 3359, 3363, 3369, 3396, 3408, 3444, 3497, 3506, 3509, 3512, 3518, 3521, 3537, 3540, 3553, 3607, 3617, 3620, 3679, 3695, 3709, 3715, 3719, 3726, 3747, 3781, 3796, 3809, 3848, 3879, 3902, 3949, 3994, 4006, 4042, 4046, 4054, 4084, 4111, 4114, 4203, 4253, 4311, 4334, 4350, 4356, 4359, 4380, 4412, 4415, 4432, 4474, 4492, 4495, 4541, 4545, 4556, 4580, 4585, 4622, 4656, 4676, 4689, 4695, 4739, 4746, 4749, 4752, 4755, 4783, 4794, 4800, 4803, 4847, 4852, 4905, 4919, 4947, 4956, 4979, 5005, 5046, 5065, 5075, 5143, 5146, 5169, 5177, 5186, 5219, 5230, 5239, 5253, 5279, 5288, 5309, 5317, 5361, 5365, 5390, 5397, 5414, 5432, 5444, 5449, 5456, 5476, 5482, 5491, 5500, 5518, 5522, 5527, 5532, 5545, 5553, 5587, 5591, 5598, 5601], 'normal': [7, 396], 'mechanisms': [8, 273, 299], 'retroviral': [10, 406, 1098], 'replication': [11, 325, 397, 586, 1042, 3951, 4007, 5110, 5568], 'and,': [12, 2582, 3005], 'as': [13, 248, 340, 356, 964, 987, 1430, 1432, 2193, 2248, 2961, 3377, 3831, 3909, 3930, 4135, 4137, 5119, 5260, 5350], 'such,': [14], 'plays': [15], 'an': [16, 391, 1032, 1420, 1425, 1566, 2270, 2323, 3825, 3921, 3931], 'important': [17, 4200, 5328, 5442, 5464, 5559], 'role': [18, 3798], 'in': [19, 46, 52, 80, 89, 104, 139, 163, 182, 202, 207, 217, 220, 262, 279, 336, 366, 470, 475, 487, 565, 580, 624, 949, 1017, 1067, 1080, 1102, 1124, 1130, 1290, 1348, 1381, 1413, 1419, 1448, 1452, 1465, 1474, 1494, 1504, 1509, 1511, 1513, 1540, 1557, 1625, 1647, 1678, 1731, 1734, 1737, 1741, 1756, 1761, 1765, 1771, 1778, 1812, 1820, 1825, 1834, 1849, 1867, 1881, 1895, 1904, 1913, 1917, 1928, 1933, 1946, 1994, 2013, 2042, 2058, 2084, 2086, 2096, 2114, 2147, 2154, 2168, 2178, 2186, 2201, 2237, 2277, 2288, 2301, 2309, 2329, 2375, 2387, 2397, 2425, 2439, 2459, 2468, 2482, 2505, 2536, 2587, 2612, 2635, 2639, 2644, 2650, 2663, 2680, 2698, 2764, 2789, 2806, 2830, 2835, 2843, 2944, 2971, 3001, 3022, 3051, 3102, 3107, 3124, 3186, 3196, 3216, 3228, 3250, 3297, 3306, 3352, 3407, 3433, 3458, 3559, 3592, 3630, 3645, 3729, 3757, 3784, 3787, 3807, 3870, 3940, 3969, 3985, 4011, 4098, 4104, 4144, 4201, 4207, 4221, 4235, 4261, 4304, 4306, 4369, 4457, 4473, 4528, 4582, 4587, 4590, 4637, 4685, 4694, 4702, 4846, 4867, 4893, 4938, 4991, 5040, 5057, 5180, 5197, 5252, 5301, 5304, 5324, 5376, 5435, 5521, 5535], 'generation': [21, 453, 2967, 4730, 4906, 5144, 5208], 'viral': [23, 321, 411, 422, 555, 581, 2969, 3164, 3309, 3800, 3812, 4232, 4248, 4771, 5088, 5109, 5250, 5342], 'diversity.': [24], 'Generation': [25, 536, 754], 'recombinant': [27, 153, 176, 196, 285, 519, 538, 591, 757, 873, 1023, 1281, 1318, 1411, 1520, 1533, 1568, 1575, 1799, 1805, 1840, 1847, 1920, 2475, 2500, 2677, 2850, 2952, 3314, 3428, 3471, 3852, 4091, 4258, 4753, 4778, 5291, 5423], 'retroviruses': [28, 434, 471, 3954], 'requires': [29, 472], 'that': [30, 151, 388, 1031, 1093, 1128, 1210, 1267, 1284, 1563, 1956, 1989, 2004, 2019, 2047, 2267, 2353, 2625, 2713, 2748, 2869, 3430, 3694, 3741, 4005, 4044, 4102, 4153, 4194, 4358, 4431, 4468, 4644, 4793, 4811, 4915, 4989, 5004, 5105, 5218, 5287, 5311, 5561, 5566], 'two': [31, 479, 488, 609, 1035, 1514, 1675, 1710, 1733, 1736, 2239, 2257, 2411, 2731, 3569, 3767, 3840, 3893, 4156, 4302], 'viruses': [32, 307, 589, 1342, 1661, 1921, 1981, 2008, 2031, 2038, 2224, 2259, 2275, 2295, 2320, 2339, 2455, 2465, 2487, 2610, 2678, 2717, 2842, 2874, 3067, 3092, 3100, 3116, 3342, 3822, 3841, 3846, 4010, 4058, 4085, 4129, 4139, 4840, 4909], 'infect': [33, 546, 3824, 3847], 'a': [34, 40, 203, 208, 498, 513, 518, 547, 584, 756, 793, 872, 931, 971, 1022, 1085, 1175, 1245, 1249, 1354, 1371, 1457, 1518, 1526, 1553, 1656, 1783, 1914, 1936, 2087, 2155, 2205, 2211, 2249, 2302, 2355, 2473, 2521, 2962, 3002, 3160, 3332, 3390, 3402, 3485, 3579, 3593, 3613, 3652, 3655, 3774, 3803, 3827, 3851, 3866, 3871, 3910, 3936, 3941, 3962, 4066, 4160, 4184, 4243, 4340, 4344, 4383, 4395, 4423, 4470, 4480, 4521, 4562, 4576, 4596, 4607, 4667, 4710, 4725, 4732, 4762, 4769, 4826, 5082, 5194, 5222, 5261, 5346, 5373, 5410, 5557, 5583], 'single': [35, 41, 204, 209, 499, 548, 3675, 3872, 4185], 'cell,': [36, 549, 3850], 'either': [37, 241, 444, 550, 2050], 'simultaneously,': [38], 'by': [39, 250, 358, 430, 494, 501, 594, 606, 665, 714, 726, 788, 852, 940, 1142, 1222, 1226, 1259, 1310, 1581, 1597, 1697, 1951, 2251, 2318, 2332, 2427, 2757, 2888, 2984, 3449, 3714, 3904, 4033, 4062, 4324, 4534, 4561, 4928, 4999, 5009, 5081, 5111, 5193, 5341], 'transmission': [42, 48, 54, 3873, 3894, 4360], 'event,': [43, 49], 'or': [44, 50, 71, 107, 206, 447, 552, 681, 822, 1149, 1254, 1295, 1345, 1399, 1701, 2015, 2055, 2116, 2893, 3044, 3048, 3095, 3191, 3273, 3324, 3802, 3820, 3862, 3975, 4234, 4275, 4366, 4438, 4836, 4839, 4903, 5268, 5355, 5595], 'sequentially,': [45, 51, 247], 'multiple': [47, 53, 116, 140, 223, 1884, 3835, 3988, 4264, 4484, 4941, 5212], 'events.': [55, 3895], 'In': [56, 265, 512, 583, 628, 966, 1025, 1061, 1119, 1202, 1244, 1544, 1587, 1782, 2292, 2461, 2603, 2618, 2670, 2701, 2738, 2853, 2911, 3014, 3037, 3331, 3503, 3562, 3600, 3864, 3920, 4065, 4116, 4210, 4308, 4653, 4885], 'HIV-1,': [57, 1026, 4894], 'can': [59, 240, 400, 409, 414, 521, 678, 1307, 3823, 3971, 5128, 5160], 'occur': [60, 242, 1010, 3960, 5380], 'between': [61, 484, 529, 2759, 3065, 3099, 3174, 3233, 3299, 3488, 3766], 'different': [62, 70, 72, 489, 1327, 2688, 3034, 3103, 3247, 3744, 4106, 4141, 4167, 4217, 5000], 'strains': [63, 3198, 3316, 3429, 3734, 3772, 3813, 3989, 4092, 4108, 4215, 4963], 'same': [66, 821, 2392, 3070, 3109, 3119, 3849, 5588], 'subtype': [67, 1970, 2007, 2021, 2030, 2182, 2222, 2736, 2892, 2897, 3120, 3218, 3354, 3565, 3597, 3609, 3632, 3667, 3770, 4316, 4345, 4420, 4522, 4571, 4650, 4664, 4678, 4691, 4726, 4740], '(intrasubtype': [68], 'recombination),': [69], 'groups': [73, 4131], '(intergroup': [74], 'recombination).': [75], 'The': [76, 143, 212, 425, 683, 954, 1231, 1461, 1498, 1634, 1801, 2380, 2817, 2935, 2976, 3061, 3153, 3172, 3366, 3412, 3437, 3452, 3526, 3672, 4451, 4464, 4548, 4570, 4624, 4777, 4932, 4973, 5151, 5215, 5246, 5266, 5296, 5473], 'importance': [77, 1445, 2958, 5247, 5592], 'shaping': [81, 1449, 4202], 'HIV-1': [82, 136, 152, 224, 260, 275, 284, 301, 967, 1256, 1291, 1316, 1410, 1421, 1450, 1464, 1531, 1622, 1753, 1791, 1839, 1846, 1893, 2299, 2499, 2784, 2951, 2974, 3066, 3158, 3197, 3227, 3315, 3455, 3460, 3699, 3733, 3769, 3970, 3991, 4052, 4107, 4125, 4259, 4273, 4455, 4629, 4872, 5011, 5054, 5148, 5249, 5254, 5573], 'global': [83, 165, 1415, 1454, 1788, 2973, 5147], 'diversity': [84, 1296, 1451, 2970, 5149, 5417], 'has': [85, 1028, 1613, 1901, 1986, 2144, 2190, 2241, 2326, 2401, 3121, 3193, 3374, 3479, 3588, 3689, 3777, 3883, 3899, 3965, 4002, 4150, 4289, 4459, 5101, 5538], 'been': [86, 1029, 1286, 1405, 1492, 1578, 1615, 1717, 1902, 1987, 2011, 2040, 2094, 2145, 2191, 2327, 2402, 2420, 2503, 2804, 2828, 2920, 2998, 3122, 3194, 3220, 3375, 3419, 3480, 3557, 3589, 3690, 3778, 3884, 4003, 4151, 4278, 4291, 4435, 4460, 5103, 5539], 'increasingly': [87, 5257], 'recognized': [88, 1350, 1489, 2932, 5259], 'recent': [90, 277, 1246, 1459, 1784, 2088, 2303, 2307, 3333, 4067, 4376, 4986, 5264, 5297], 'years.': [91], 'Several': [92, 4094], 'factors': [93], 'have': [94, 1285, 1404, 1716, 1992, 2009, 2039, 2092, 2209, 2419, 2502, 2530, 2803, 2827, 2919, 2997, 3219, 3418, 3556, 4120, 4277, 4593, 5140, 5463], 'contributed': [95, 5141], 'to': [96, 126, 174, 194, 229, 313, 437, 440, 464, 643, 654, 703, 736, 740, 815, 828, 858, 886, 945, 1036, 1073, 1083, 1184, 1186, 1204, 1377, 1436, 1537, 1617, 1651, 1654, 1691, 1798, 1845, 1924, 1959, 1974, 2028, 2062, 2199, 2281, 2315, 2422, 2490, 2686, 2727, 2922, 2931, 3026, 3078, 3200, 3348, 3535, 3544, 3627, 3700, 3830, 3923, 3934, 3959, 4164, 4188, 4371, 4392, 4404, 4504, 4575, 4584, 4663, 4809, 4863, 4882, 4896, 4899, 4904, 5142, 5316, 5357, 5430, 5555, 5579], 'this': [97, 1122, 1205, 2059, 4816, 5530], 'trend,': [98], 'including': [99], 'new': [100, 1859, 1868, 2417, 3937, 4416, 4517, 4795], 'surveys': [101, 2662], 'carried': [102, 851], 'out': [103, 4560], 'previously': [105, 168, 1580, 1871, 2235, 2356, 3942], 'unexplored': [106], 'insufficiently': [108], 'sampled': [109, 1795], 'areas,': [110, 1758, 5326], 'more': [111, 157, 192, 245, 1264, 1288, 1367, 1708, 1976, 2628, 3821, 3838, 4405, 4427, 4505, 4832], 'frequent': [112, 1265, 4198, 4974], 'phylogenetic': [113, 1351, 1408, 1475, 1668, 3104, 4686, 4790], 'analysis': [114, 1279, 1313, 1363, 1549, 1582, 1598, 2333, 2428, 2623, 2706, 2740, 2861, 2985, 4535, 4625], 'genome': [117, 520, 621, 1013, 1082, 1362, 1548, 1601, 1953, 2254, 2622, 2995, 4630, 5273, 5406], 'segments': [118, 1014, 1380, 1388, 2022, 2666], '[including': [119], 'protease': [120], 'and': [121, 131, 161, 190, 287, 293, 304, 327, 413, 560, 677, 748, 968, 1299, 1391, 1402, 1479, 1559, 1605, 1628, 1639, 1666, 1739, 1767, 1773, 1775, 1780, 1815, 1823, 1828, 1888, 1906, 1948, 2018, 2065, 2078, 2091, 2100, 2123, 2130, 2133, 2188, 2342, 2377, 2432, 2436, 2441, 2470, 2514, 2541, 2551, 2560, 2569, 2579, 2598, 2642, 2709, 2744, 2768, 2771, 2773, 2792, 2800, 2808, 2834, 2865, 2940, 3137, 3167, 3178, 3209, 3230, 3244, 3263, 3288, 3301, 3337, 3356, 3386, 3400, 3415, 3467, 3469, 3492, 3496, 3547, 3575, 3661, 3686, 3702, 3705, 3737, 3749, 3761, 3764, 3786, 3794, 3817, 3916, 4081, 4126, 4133, 4171, 4179, 4199, 4250, 4286, 4318, 4326, 4330, 4342, 4414, 4514, 4531, 4540, 4666, 4708, 4760, 4768, 4830, 4876, 4880, 4958, 4985, 5035, 5131, 5138, 5162, 5278, 5396, 5416, 5421, 5425, 5446, 5468, 5478, 5499, 5507, 5514, 5552, 5604], 'reverse': [122, 558, 599, 761], 'transcriptase': [123], '(RT)]': [124], 'used': [125, 986, 1287, 1406, 3885, 4352], 'detect': [127], 'drug': [128, 363, 2159, 4823, 4890, 4929, 5400], 'resistance': [129, 4881, 4891, 4898, 4930, 5353], 'mutations,': [130, 5158], 'growing': [132, 860], 'numbers': [133, 1689, 4176, 5270], 'full-length': [135, 1680, 1952, 2115, 2253, 2335, 2408, 2484, 2613, 2621, 2681, 2994, 4628, 5272, 5405], 'genomes': [137, 407, 481, 485, 532, 545, 556, 593, 1681, 4260], 'analyzed': [138, 2113, 2668, 2679, 2999], 'geographical': [141, 1865, 2936], 'areas.': [142], 'cumulating': [144], 'picture': [145], 'emerging': [146], 'from': [147, 385, 574, 650, 699, 994, 1424, 1552, 1603, 1966, 2001, 2032, 2128, 2137, 2216, 2340, 2359, 2390, 2399, 2477, 2689, 2786, 3012, 3042, 3049, 3318, 3343, 3395, 3474, 3573, 3649, 3651, 3663, 3773, 3901, 4013, 4024, 4071, 4155, 4399, 4499, 4555, 4621, 4632, 4640, 4659, 4704, 4709, 5185, 5191, 5275, 5459], 'these': [148, 1495, 1652, 2048, 2653, 3040, 3447, 3845, 5042, 5460], 'studies': [149, 1126, 1497, 2529, 4095, 4119, 4866, 5403, 5439, 5461, 5519], 'indicates': [150, 2266], 'forms': [154, 177, 180, 197, 200, 226, 1412, 1755, 1806, 1841, 1848, 1886, 2762, 4943, 5002, 5292], 'are': [155, 296, 334, 375, 578, 1275, 1292, 1343, 1685, 1707, 1759, 2025, 2051, 2056, 2657, 2875, 2881, 2899, 3093, 3327, 3523, 3842, 4266, 4719, 5440], 'much': [156], 'prevalent,': [158], 'geographically': [159], 'spread,': [160], 'diverse': [162, 237, 344, 3426], 'pandemic': [166, 1416, 1455], 'than': [167, 1266, 1709, 1978, 2629, 3839, 4401, 4406, 4428, 4501, 4506], 'known.': [169, 3060, 3330], 'This': [170, 661, 710, 811, 923, 1172, 1608, 1997, 2172, 4038, 5201, 5542], 'applies': [171], 'not': [172, 1054, 1263, 2010, 2052, 2457, 2929, 3059, 3328, 4023, 4799, 5015, 5095, 5575], 'only': [173, 493, 2238, 2730, 3000, 3088, 4290, 5235], 'circulating': [175, 1556, 1624, 1927, 2054, 2153, 2177, 2185, 2424, 2649, 2763, 3106, 5056], '(CRFs)': [178], '(recombinant': [179, 199], 'indentified': [181, 1493], 'at': [183, 619, 639, 671, 694, 744, 768, 835, 975, 1673, 3517, 3552, 3616, 3678, 3891, 5090], 'least': [184, 1674, 3892, 5091], 'three': [185, 1037, 1658, 3513, 4163], 'epidemiologically-linked': [186, 210], 'individuals),': [187], 'but': [188, 345, 2395, 2687, 4022, 4806, 5093], 'also,': [189], 'even': [191, 3006], 'notoriously,': [193], 'unique': [195, 2125, 2134, 2723, 2820, 2848, 3427, 4257, 5321], '(URFs)': [198], 'found': [201, 1539, 1923, 2041, 2210, 2458, 2805, 4152, 4526, 4937, 5323], 'individual': [205, 1427, 4208], 'cluster).': [211], 'recurrent': [213], 'finding': [214, 1875, 4039, 4975], 'URFs': [216, 2535], 'high': [218, 231, 309, 380, 1527, 1877, 2532, 2823, 3018, 3256, 4018, 4231, 4254, 4933, 5318], 'proportions': [219, 3039], 'areas': [221, 1869, 1882, 3024, 4262, 4939, 5277], 'where': [222, 1883, 3142, 4263, 4940], 'genetic': [225, 1467, 1554, 1754, 1792, 1885, 2066, 2761, 3035, 3071, 3748, 3957, 4181, 4424, 4942, 5001, 5012, 5021], 'co-circulate': [227, 4944], 'attests': [228, 3025], 'frequency': [232, 1232, 1528, 1878, 4934, 5319], 'dual': [234, 3031, 3659, 3832, 3867, 3963, 4122, 4983], 'infections': [235, 1796, 1811, 1819, 2083, 2300, 2918, 3032, 3053, 3816, 3858, 3918, 4053, 4123], 'with': [236, 542, 1121, 1326, 1483, 1662, 1687, 1744, 1930, 1969, 2221, 2352, 2472, 2659, 2722, 2895, 3033, 3054, 3275, 3358, 3380, 3392, 3654, 3987, 3993, 4017, 4026, 4105, 4124, 4128, 4138, 4214, 4226, 4339, 4343, 4446, 4479, 4488, 4516, 4614, 4675, 4688, 4724, 4729, 4738, 4820, 4841, 5019, 5025, 5050, 5206, 5224, 5308, 5327, 5381, 5582], 'variants,': [238, 4320, 4838], 'which': [239, 504, 901, 935, 1016, 1108, 1138, 1180, 1218, 1268, 1918, 2045, 2664, 2880, 2926, 3968, 4314, 4337, 4953, 5159, 5233, 5377], 'simultaneously': [243, 4365], 'or,': [244, 5060], 'probably,': [246], 'suggested': [249, 1429, 1579], 'report': [252, 5298, 5533], 'first': [255, 630, 1499, 1890, 2164, 2497, 3983, 4245, 5554], 'well': [256, 3329, 4136], 'documented': [257, 3984, 4121, 4292, 5548], 'case': [258, 1500, 4381, 4466, 4597, 5549], 'superinfection': [261, 1894, 3818, 3882, 3908, 3981, 3997, 4097, 4103, 4213, 4274, 4456, 4573, 4589, 4600, 4723, 4829, 4855, 4990, 4998, 5300, 5312, 5378, 5551, 5581, 5596], 'humans': [263, 4458, 5305], '[1].': [264, 4463], 'present': [267, 335, 4743, 5523], 'review,': [268], 'basic': [269], 'concepts': [270], 'on': [271, 433, 1240, 1472, 1786, 2204, 2404, 3422, 3683, 3746, 4283, 4856, 5404], 'recombination,': [276, 3739, 4831, 5166], 'developments': [278, 1833, 1843], 'molecular': [281, 1836, 3760, 4284, 4325], 'epidemiology': [282, 1837], 'forms,': [286, 1793, 5424], 'their': [288, 379, 395, 1643, 3082, 3706, 5436], 'implications': [289, 5331, 5465], 'for': [290, 378, 506, 614, 989, 1248, 1277, 1370, 1407, 1642, 2246, 2965, 3246, 3887, 3913, 3956, 4174, 4247, 4874, 4924, 4970, 5221, 5363, 5443, 5466, 5511, 5517, 5597], 'vaccine': [291, 4875, 4971, 5195, 5223, 5452, 5467, 5605], 'development': [292, 4972], 'therapeutic': [294, 4877, 5469], 'strategies': [295, 4878, 5470], 'discussed.': [297], 'Molecular': [298], 'Retroviruses': [303, 374], 'other': [305, 824, 963, 969, 1207, 3631, 3880], 'RNA': [306, 480, 856, 877, 1069, 4533, 4634], 'exhibit': [308], 'mutation': [310], 'rates': [311, 4255], 'due': [312, 3077], 'lack': [315, 5267], 'proof-reading': [317], 'activity': [318, 5226], 'polymerases,': [322], 'short': [324], 'times,': [326], 'large': [329, 1372, 2991], 'population': [330], 'sizes.': [331], 'Consequently,': [332], 'they': [333, 1346], 'host': [338], 'organism': [339], 'mixtures': [341], 'genetically': [343, 543, 4166, 5052], 'related': [346, 1090, 1776, 1844, 1958, 2027, 2079, 2124, 2489, 2685, 3347, 4648, 5174], 'populations': [347], 'termed': [348, 926], 'quasispecies': [349, 423], '[2].': [350], 'These': [351, 2655, 4717, 5438], 'represent': [352, 2819], 'all': [353, 2721], 'possible': [354, 492, 664, 3087, 4272, 5178, 5207], 'mutants,': [355], 'illustrated': [357], 'presence': [360, 667, 830, 2372, 3180], 'antiretroviral': [362, 4883, 4901, 4951], 'resistance-associated': [364], 'mutations': [365, 420, 463, 3406, 3677, 4892, 4922, 5122], 'treatment-naïve': [367], 'patients,': [368], 'so-called': [370], '‘natural': [371], 'resistance’': [372], '[3,4].': [373], 'also': [376, 985, 1236, 2093, 2176, 2313, 3590, 3662, 4449, 4594, 4913], 'known': [377, 3724], 'recombinogenic': [381], 'potential': [382, 428, 4212], '[5,6],': [383], 'deriving': [384], 'fact': [387], 'constitutes': [390], 'intrinsic': [392], 'cycle.': [398], 'Recombination': [399, 469, 483, 2795, 3296, 4879], 'mediate': [401], 'repair': [403], 'defective': [405], '[6–8],': [408], 'increase': [410], 'diversity,': [412], 'accelerate': [415], 'spread': [417, 1866, 3445], 'beneficial': [419], 'among': [421, 2311, 2583, 2857, 5068, 5229], '[9].': [424], 'increased': [426, 1170, 4897], 'variation': [427, 4182], 'mediated': [429, 713, 1225], 'confers': [432], 'capability': [436], 'respond': [438], 'rapidly': [439], 'changing': [441], 'selective': [442], 'pressures,': [443], 'immunological': [445], '[10,11]': [446], 'pharmacological': [448], '[12,13],': [449], 'through': [450, 524, 903, 4736, 4965, 5165, 5238], 'prompt': [452], 'fittest': [456], 'variants': [457, 3254, 3281, 3303, 5055, 5067, 5154], 'possessing': [458], 'adequate': [460], 'set': [461], 'elude': [465], 'those': [466, 2660, 3628], 'pressures': [467], '[14].': [468], 'co-packaging': [474], 'each': [476, 962, 1041, 2651, 4372, 5058], 'virion': [477], '[5,15].': [482], 'packaged': [486, 579], 'virions': [490, 541, 1019], 'productive': [495], 'infection': [496, 2063, 3833, 3836, 3868, 3938, 3964, 4241, 4993, 5018, 5192, 5303], 'cell': [500, 567, 3248, 3696, 4020, 4029, 4170, 4186, 4764], 'both': [502, 530, 575, 620, 672, 836, 957, 1340, 2467, 3753, 3783, 3914, 4309, 4362, 4418, 4527, 4553, 4641, 4645, 5419], 'virions,': [503], 'allows': [505, 3955], 'production': [508], 'heterozygous': [510, 588, 1018], 'particles.': [511, 582], 'subsequent': [514, 3738], 'cycle': [515, 1043], 'infection,': [517, 3660, 5387], 'be': [522, 679, 1140, 1215, 1220, 1237, 1308, 1538, 1618, 1671, 1925, 1975, 2316, 2423, 2923, 3149, 3530, 3743, 3855, 3860, 3972, 4060, 4861, 5115, 5129, 5576], 'generated': [523, 4964], 'alternate': [525, 595], 'jumps': [526, 597, 865, 1038, 1050], 'RT': [528, 607, 842, 853, 1072, 1099, 1168], 'co-packaged': [531, 785, 825], '(Fig.': [533, 626, 1983, 2232, 2692, 2777, 2909, 3170], '1).Fig.': [534], '1.:': [535], 'retroviruses.': [539], 'Two': [540, 2416, 3819], 'dissimilar': [544], 'sequentially': [551, 4436], 'simultaneously.': [553], 'Both': [554], 'undergo': [557], 'transcription': [559], 'proviruses': [562, 577, 4168], 'become': [563, 1182, 5163], 'integrated': [564, 576], 'chromosome.': [568], 'Heterodimers': [569], 'genomic': [571], 'transcripts': [572], 'derived': [573, 1965, 2215, 2389, 3572, 5184], 'second': [585, 684, 932, 972, 1590, 4496, 5546, 5584], 'cycle,': [587], 'produce': [590], 'proviral': [592, 604, 3646], 'template': [596, 611, 864, 933, 1111, 1133, 1164, 1199], 'during': [598, 760, 1040, 1056, 4045, 4815, 5385], 'transcription.Synthesis': [600], 'double-stranded': [603, 758], 'DNA': [605, 635, 765, 812, 845, 861, 870, 909, 924, 991, 1005, 1058, 1106, 1178, 3647, 4530], 'involves': [608, 686], 'obligatory': [610, 1002], 'jumps,': [612, 1006], 'necessary': [613, 4244, 4862], 'long': [615], 'terminal': [616], 'repeat': [617], 'duplication': [618], 'ends': [622, 837], '(reviewed': [623, 4143, 5039], '[16])': [625], '2).': [627], 'jump,': [631, 934], 'minustrand,': [633], 'strong-stop': [634], '(ssDNA)': [636], 'intermediate,': [637, 925], 'initiated': [638, 693], 'tRNA': [641, 733], 'annealed': [642], 'primer': [645, 719, 770, 988], 'binding': [646, 720, 771], 'site,': [647, 1196], 'translocated': [649], '5’': [652, 705, 776, 801, 880], 'end': [653, 657, 702, 706, 730, 777, 802, 818, 905], '3’': [656, 696, 701, 729, 790, 817], 'genome.': [660, 709, 840, 874, 1024, 1332, 1386, 2485], 'jump': [662, 685, 711], 'repeated': [669, 832], 'sequences': [670, 834, 1481, 1585, 1602, 2279, 2336, 2369, 2409, 2614, 2682, 2711, 2746, 2867, 2996, 3424, 3571, 4631, 4658, 4703, 5274], 'extremities': [673], 'genome,': [676, 780, 805, 980], 'intermolecular': [680], 'intramolecular.': [682], 'transfer': [688], 'plus-strand': [691, 723, 899, 928, 990], 'ssDNA,': [692, 929], 'polypurine': [697, 891], 'tract,': [698], 'base': [715], 'pairing': [716], 'site': [721, 772, 1312], 'ssDNA': [724], '(generated': [725], 'copying': [727, 910], 'attached': [734, 916], 'covalently': [735, 915], 'minus-strand': [738, 746, 808, 844, 869, 908, 951, 1057], 'DNA)': [739], 'its': [741, 946, 1323, 2263, 5069], 'complementary': [742, 947], 'sequence': [743, 948, 1241, 1250, 1260, 1541, 3399, 3641, 3682, 3717], 'DNA,': [747, 900], 'almost': [750, 937, 3604], 'always': [751, 938], 'intramolecular.Fig.': [752], '2.:': [753], 'provirus': [759], 'transcription.': [762], '(a)': [763, 2121, 3252], 'Proviral': [764], 'synthesis': [766, 896, 955, 992, 1059], 'starts': [767], '(PBS),': [773], 'near': [774, 1193, 1679, 4627], 'one': [782, 1740, 3470, 3563, 3790, 4900, 5010, 5570], 'strands,': [786], 'primed': [787], 'segment': [791, 4668, 4679], 'cellular': [794, 3684], 'tRNA.': [795], 'Polymerization': [796], 'proceeds': [797], 'until': [798], 'reaching': [799], 'generating': [806], 'ssDNA.': [809], '(b)': [810, 2131, 3279], 'intermediate': [813], 'anneals': [814], 'strand': [826, 1007, 1212], 'thanks': [827], '(R)': [833], '(c)': [841, 3295], 'resumes': [843], 'polymerization,': [846, 1107], 'while': [847, 2729], 'RNAse': [849, 887, 1157], 'H': [850, 888, 1158], 'degrades': [854], 'hybridized': [857], 'chain.': [862], 'Alternate': [863], 'along': [866, 1011, 1104, 1330], 'polymerization': [867, 1131], 'generates': [871, 1174], '(d)': [875], 'An': [876, 1315, 3584, 3635], 'oligonucleotide': [878], 'located': [879, 974], 'U3': [883], 'segment,': [884, 1179], 'resistant': [885], 'cleavage,': [889], 'tract': [892], '(PPT),': [893], 'primes': [894], 'continues': [902], '18': [911, 2675], 'nucleotides': [912], 'tRNA,': [917], 'thus': [918, 1076, 1197], 'regenerating': [919], 'PBS.': [921], '(e)': [922], 'undergoes': [930], 'intramolecular,': [939], 'annealing': [941], 'PBS': [944], 'DNA.': [952], '(f)': [953], 'strands': [958], 'completed': [960], 'using': [961, 4567], 'template.': [965], 'lentiviruses,': [970], 'PPT': [973], 'center': [977], 'central': [982, 2831], 'PPT,': [983], '(omitted': [993], 'figure).': [996], 'LTR,': [997, 2140], 'Long': [998, 2141], 'Terminal': [999, 2142], 'Repeat.Besides': [1000], 'strong': [1003], 'stop': [1004], 'switches': [1008, 1329], 'may': [1009, 1139, 1235, 3442, 3854, 3859, 4109, 4219, 4844, 4888, 5014, 5086, 5114, 5139, 5167, 5285, 5313, 5371, 5574], 'internal': [1012, 1048], '[5,17,18],': [1015], 'would': [1020, 1070, 1100, 1109, 1181, 4040, 4251, 5044, 5202], 'generate': [1021, 1084], 'it': [1027, 1192, 1564, 2268, 3533, 4149, 4859], 'reported': [1030, 1508, 1536, 2072, 2165, 2498, 2829, 2921, 3123, 3482, 4004, 4465, 5026, 5104], 'average': [1033], 'occurs': [1039, 3098], '[19,20].': [1044], 'Experimental': [1045], 'evidence': [1046, 3756, 4173, 4281, 4453], 'supports': [1047], 'interstrand': [1049, 1223], 'occuring': [1051], 'predominantly,': [1052], 'if': [1053, 1705, 3089, 3096, 3837], 'exclusively,': [1055], '[15,17,19–21].': [1060], 'forced': [1063], 'copy-choice': [1064], 'model,': [1065, 1123, 1206], 'breaks': [1066, 1117], 'force': [1071], 'switch': [1074], 'templates,': [1075], 'restoring': [1077], 'continuity': [1079], 'viable': [1086], 'progeny': [1087], '[22].': [1088], 'A': [1089, 1366, 2181, 2306, 2989, 4296, 4374, 4440, 5173], 'model': [1091], 'proposes': [1092], 'low': [1095, 1150, 3283, 4027, 5269, 5391, 5398], 'processivity': [1096], 'result': [1101, 3305, 5262], 'pauses': [1103, 1129], 'RNA-dependent': [1105], 'promote': [1110], 'switching': [1112, 1134, 1200], 'without': [1113, 5345], 'need': [1115, 4808], '[23].': [1118], 'agreement': [1120], 'vitro': [1125, 3785, 3986], 'indicate': [1127, 2868, 3935], 'enhance': [1132], '[24,25].': [1135], 'During': [1136], 'pauses,': [1137], 'favored': [1141], 'secondary': [1143, 1227, 1967, 2217], 'structures': [1144, 1665, 2110], '[26],': [1145], 'nucleotide': [1146], 'misincorporations': [1147], '[27],': [1148], 'dNTP': [1151], 'concentrations': [1152], '[24,28,29],': [1153], 'extent': [1155, 3995], 'cleavage': [1159], 'original': [1162, 4413], '(donor)': [1163], 'beneath': [1165], 'stalled': [1167], '[27].': [1171], 'process': [1173], 'longer': [1176], 'single-stranded': [1177], 'free': [1183], 'anneal': [1185], 'opposite': [1188], '(acceptor)': [1189], 'strand,': [1190], 'positioning': [1191], 'polymerase': [1195, 4563], 'facilitating': [1198], '[28,29].': [1201], 'contraposition': [1203], 'authors': [1208, 3906, 5474], 'postulate': [1209], 'pause-independent': [1211], 'transfers': [1213], 'might': [1214, 1219, 1991, 3529, 4059, 4917, 5462], 'predominant': [1216], '[30],': [1217], 'enhanced': [1221], 'proximity': [1224], 'structure': [1228, 2265, 2350, 2398], 'interactions': [1229], '[32].': [1230], 'highly': [1238, 3524], 'dependent': [1239], 'homology': [1242, 1261, 1270], '[33].': [1243, 1272], 'study,': [1247, 1916, 3334, 4068], 'difference': [1251, 4425], '25%': [1253], 'more,': [1255], 'directed': [1258], 'was': [1262, 1269, 1428, 1469, 1507, 1535, 1565, 1595, 1911, 3643, 3982, 4031, 4448, 4525, 4558, 4672, 4757, 4780, 4798, 4813], 'independent': [1271], 'Multiple': [1273], 'methods': [1274, 4351], 'available': [1276], 'sequences.': [1282, 2120], 'Those': [1283, 1743], 'frequently': [1289], 'similarity': [1293], '[34,35]': [1294], '[36,37]': [1297], 'plots': [1298], 'bootscanning': [1300], '[38].': [1301], 'More': [1302], 'precise': [1303], 'mapping': [1304], 'breakpoints': [1306, 1932], 'achieved': [1309], 'informative': [1311], '[39].': [1314], 'intersubtype': [1317, 1502, 1532, 1567, 5420], 'form': [1319, 1555, 3072, 3472, 4735, 5013], 'identified': [1321, 1344, 1596, 1718, 1872, 1898, 1903, 2095, 2146, 2192, 2328, 2504], 'when': [1322, 3961], 'phylogentic': [1324], 'relationships': [1325], 'subtypes': [1328, 1468, 1490, 2648, 3211, 3229, 3463, 4142, 4218, 4265, 4363], 'Detection': [1333], 'intrasubtype': [1335, 3146, 5283, 5422], 'difficult': [1338], 'unless': [1339], 'parental': [1341, 1699, 1711, 2194, 2393, 2454, 3091], 'group': [1347, 3791], 'distinct': [1349, 1466, 3115], 'clusters.': [1352], 'For': [1353], 'complete': [1355, 4335], 'characterization': [1356, 1723, 2255, 3751, 5407], 'mosaic': [1359, 1664, 2264, 2349, 2781, 4734], 'structure,': [1360], 'full': [1361, 1547, 1600], 'required.': [1365], 'practical': [1368], 'alternative': [1369, 3932], 'number': [1373, 2992, 3009], 'samples': [1375, 2753, 4635], 'analyze': [1378], 'discrete': [1379], 'separate': [1382], 'regions': [1383], 'Commonly,': [1387], 'gag': [1390, 4539], 'env': [1392, 1403, 1478, 2433, 2710, 2745, 2793, 2866], '(most': [1393], 'frequently,': [1394], 'V3': [1396, 3154, 3187, 3234, 3257, 3298, 3397, 3409, 3423, 3510, 3541, 3621, 3638, 3720, 4657], 'loop': [1397, 3155, 3188, 3235, 3258, 3398, 3410, 3522, 3542, 3639], 'region)': [1398], 'pol': [1401, 1934, 2431, 2469, 2743, 2791, 2864, 4670, 4681], 'analysis.': [1409], 'Although': [1417, 4268], 'virus': [1422, 1521, 2358, 3805, 3853, 4692, 4742, 4779, 5585], 'isolated': [1423, 3317], 'infected': [1426, 1505, 3477, 3943, 4088, 4478, 4848], 'early': [1431, 1496, 4047], '1988': [1433], '[40],': [1434], 'corresponding': [1435, 3199], 'African': [1438, 1631, 2345, 2493], 'isolate': [1439, 2476, 2494, 3567, 3595, 4524], 'MAL,': [1440, 2495], 'recognition': [1442, 1862, 2247], 'relatively': [1458, 2990], 'development.': [1460, 5606], 'classification': [1462], 'originally': [1470], 'based': [1471, 3421, 4282], 'clustering': [1473, 1669, 4682], 'trees': [1476, 4687], 'sag': [1480], '[41–43],': [1482], 'five': [1484], 'nine': [1487], 'presently': [1488, 5234], 'having': [1491, 3401], 'individuals': [1506, 4016, 4076], '1994': [1510], 'Brazil': [1512, 1995, 2033, 2043, 2570, 3129], 'sexual': [1515, 4443, 4486, 4519, 4616, 4787, 4796], 'partners': [1516], 'harboring': [1517], 'BF': [1519, 1919, 2126, 2676, 2719], '[44].': [1522], 'One': [1523, 1940], 'year': [1524, 4715], 'later,': [1525], '(10%)': [1529], 'virses': [1534], 'databases': [1542], '[45].': [1543], '1996,': [1545], 'isolates': [1551, 2414, 2634, 3461, 3611, 3670, 4707], 'Thailand': [1558], 'Central': [1560, 2330, 2344, 2492], 'Africa': [1561, 1627, 2290, 2331, 2538, 2545, 2555], 'indicated': [1562, 4792], 'form,': [1569], 'later': [1570], 'designated': [1571, 1611, 1686, 3876], 'CRF01_AE': [1572, 1760, 1816, 4319, 4341, 4481], '[36,46].': [1573], 'Its': [1574, 1909], 'nature': [1576], 'had': [1577, 3578, 3612, 4159, 4172, 4394, 4434, 4661, 4761, 4785], 'partial': [1584, 2117, 2278, 2368, 2430, 2665, 2742, 2790, 2863, 2987], '[46].': [1586], '1998,': [1588], 'CRF': [1591, 1609, 1638, 1715, 1899, 2073, 2166, 2173, 2250, 2385, 2418, 2933], '(an': [1592], 'AG': [1593], 'recombinant)': [1594], 'Nigeria': [1604], 'Djibouti': [1606], '[47].': [1607], '(currently': [1610], 'CRF01_AG)': [1612], 'recently': [1614, 2242, 3481, 3978, 4147, 4294, 4297, 5102], 'shown': [1616, 3195], 'most': [1620, 1751, 1803, 1943, 1961, 2901], 'common': [1621, 1937, 2902, 3028, 4980], 'variant': [1623], 'West': [1626, 1766, 1813, 2289, 2537], 'some': [1629, 1757, 3217, 3897, 3905, 4821], 'West-Central': [1630, 1768, 2544], 'Countries': [1632], '[48,49].': [1633], 'current': [1635], 'nomenclature': [1636], 'criteria': [1641, 2245], 'definition': [1644], 'were': [1645, 1807, 1922, 2456, 2615, 2667, 2683, 2696, 2718, 2732, 2847, 3346, 3431, 3711, 4077, 4090, 4315, 4322, 4646, 4700], 'adopted': [1646], '1999': [1648, 4639], '[50].': [1649], 'According': [1650, 2061], 'criteria,': [1653], 'define': [1655], 'CRF,': [1657, 1860, 1873], 'epidemiologically': [1659, 2412], 'unlinked': [1660, 2413], 'coincident': [1663, 1931], 'consistent': [1667, 4445, 5307], 'must': [1670, 5227], 'characterized,': [1672], 'them': [1677, 1729, 1963], '(>=8': [1682], 'kb).': [1683], 'CRFs': [1684, 2939], 'consecutive': [1688, 3727], 'according': [1690], 'order': [1693], 'discovery,': [1695], 'followed': [1696], 'subtypes,': [1700, 2770], 'cpx': [1702], '(from': [1703], 'complex)': [1704], 'there': [1706, 3925], 'subtypes.': [1712, 3561], 'Presently,': [1713], '13': [1714], '[51,52]': [1719], '(excluding': [1720], 'CRF09,': [1721], 'whose': [1722], 'still': [1724], 'remains': [1725], 'unreported);': [1726], 'eight': [1727], 'originated': [1730, 1993, 2167, 2887, 3900], 'Africa,': [1732, 1769, 2620], 'Europe,': [1735], 'Asia,': [1738, 1763, 2822], 'America.': [1742], 'greatest': [1746], 'epidemic': [1747, 5255], 'importance,': [1748], 'representing': [1749, 2162, 2814], 'prevalent': [1752, 1804, 1977], 'Southeast': [1762, 1821], 'CRF02_AG': [1764, 1808], 'CRF03_BC': [1770], 'China,': [1772], 'CRF12_BF': [1774, 1900, 1980, 1990, 2024, 2037, 2068, 2077, 2122, 2690], 'recombinants': [1777, 2049, 2080, 2112, 2127, 2136, 2785, 3448, 4178, 5210, 5284, 5322], 'Argentina': [1779, 1905, 1947, 2014, 2085], 'Uruguay.': [1781], 'survey': [1785, 2089, 2304], 'distribution': [1789, 2285, 2937, 2949], '18%': [1794, 2297], 'corresponded': [1797], 'viruses.': [1800, 3502, 3754, 4652], 'globally': [1802], '(representing': [1809, 1817], '31%': [1810, 2643], 'Africa)': [1814], '63%': [1818], 'Asia': [1822, 1827, 2576], '24%': [1824], 'East': [1826, 2554, 2619], 'Pacific)': [1830], '[53].': [1831], 'Recent': [1832, 1842, 2528], 'past': [1851], '2': [1852], 'years': [1853, 5136], 'include': [1854], 'description': [1856], 'four': [1858, 2338, 2760, 4165], 'URF': [1880, 1957, 2214, 2527, 2616, 2626, 2826, 2980, 3021, 4977], 'co-circulate,': [1887], 'documentation': [1891], 'humans.': [1896], 'Recently': [1897], 'Uruguay': [1907, 2016, 2567, 2699], '[54,55].': [1908], 'existence': [1910, 2381, 2519], 'proposed': [1912, 1988, 2403, 2421], 'previous': [1915, 4696], 'widely': [1926], 'Argentina,': [1929, 2129, 2202, 2671], 'suggesting': [1935, 2517, 3795, 4430], 'ancestry': [1938], '[56].': [1939, 2700], 'notable': [1944], 'findings': [1945, 2200, 2695, 2954, 5043], 'Uruguay,': [1949], 'revealed': [1950, 2531, 2624, 2747], 'analysis,': [1954], 'CRF12_BF,': [1960, 2728], 'apparently': [1964, 2725], 'B': [1971, 2223, 2585, 2859, 2896, 2917, 3353, 3610, 3633, 3658, 3668, 3771, 4317, 4346, 4523, 4572, 4727], 'viruses,': [1972, 2586, 2860, 2898, 3355, 3793, 4417, 4834], 'appear': [1973], 'genuine': [1979], '[54,55]': [1982, 2691], '3a).': [1984, 2693], 'It': [1985, 4001, 4911, 5100], '[54].': [1996, 2034], 'hypothesis': [1998], 'deduced': [2000], 'facts': [2003], 'nonrecombinant': [2005, 2734, 4649], 'F': [2006, 2020, 2029, 2735, 3566], 'detected': [2012, 2438, 3432, 3644, 4323, 4781], '[54,56]': [2017], 'phylogenetically': [2026, 2488, 3114], 'However,': [2035, 3549, 3896, 4349], 'no': [2036], '[54,57],': [2044], 'implies': [2046, 5003], 'currently': [2053], 'minoritary': [2057], 'country.': [2060], 'dates': [2064], 'distances,': [2067], 'oldest': [2071], 'nonAfrican': [2075], 'origin.': [2076], 'represented': [2081, 2296, 2754], '65%': [2082], '[54],': [2090], 'Bolivia': [2097], '[55],': [2098], 'Chile,': [2099], 'Spain': [2101, 2149, 2508, 2591, 2855, 3435], '(unpublished': [2102, 2226, 2592, 2903, 4601], 'data': [2103, 2227, 2593, 2904, 4288, 4602], 'Delgado': [2104, 2228, 2594, 2905], 'E,': [2105, 2229, 2595, 2906, 3206], 'et': [2106, 2230, 2596, 2907, 4605], 'al..Fig.': [2107], '3.:': [2108], 'Mosaic': [2109], '[protease': [2118], '(PR)-RT]': [2119], 'CRF14_BG': [2132, 2196, 2220, 2894, 3372], 'BG': [2135, 2885, 4673, 4733], 'Galicia': [2138, 2187, 5485], '(Spain).': [2139], 'Repeat.CRF14_BG': [2143], 'Northwestern': [2148, 2854, 3434], '(region': [2150], 'Galicia)': [2152], 'minority': [2156], 'injecting': [2158], 'users': [2160], '(IDU),': [2161], 'Western': [2169, 2588, 3344], 'Europe': [2170, 2589], '[58,59].': [2171], 'probably': [2175, 2450, 2982, 5294], 'Portugal': [2179, 2189, 3138], '[59,60].': [2180, 2197], 'G': [2183, 2769, 2891, 3210, 3656, 4651, 4677, 4690, 4741], 'strain': [2184, 4482, 5571], 'Similar': [2198, 2694, 4698], 'although': [2203, 3213, 4789], 'lesser': [2206], 'scale,': [2207], 'we': [2208, 3927, 4807], 'variety': [2212], '[59]': [2225, 3373], 'al.)': [2231, 2597, 2908], '3b).': [2233, 2910], 'CRF06_cpx,': [2234], 'characterized': [2236, 2276, 2357, 2481, 2611, 3094, 4693], 'isolates,': [2240], 'fulfilled': [2243], 'additional': [2258], '[61].': [2260, 2291], 'Re-examination': [2261], 'A/G/J/K': [2271], 'recombinant.': [2272], 'Analysis': [2273, 2366], 'points': [2280], 'wide': [2283], 'georgaphical': [2284], 'CRF06_cpx': [2287, 2294, 2319], 'Niger,': [2293], '[62].': [2305], 'outbreak': [2308], 'Estonia': [2310], 'IDU': [2312, 4222, 4305], 'appears': [2314], 'caused': [2317, 4927], '[63].': [2321], 'CRF11_cpx,': [2322, 2400], 'A/G/J/E': [2324], 'recombinant,': [2325, 2876, 2924, 4674], 'Cameroon': [2341, 2478, 2552], 'Republic': [2346, 2362, 2547], '[64].': [2347], 'Their': [2348, 2447, 3084], 'coincides': [2351], 'Democratic': [2361], 'Congo': [2364, 2549], '[65].': [2365, 2379], 'suggests': [2370], 'CRF11_cpx': [2374], 'Senegal': [2376], 'Gabon': [2378], 'another': [2383, 3601, 4618, 5020], 'complex': [2384, 2474], '(CRF13_cpx)': [2386], 'Cameroon,': [2388, 2605], 'clades': [2394, 4554], 'differing': [2396], 'basis': [2406, 5362], '[66].': [2415], 'Cuba': [2426, 2515, 2787, 3133], 'sequences;': [2434], 'Dpol/Aenv': [2435], 'Upol/Henv,': [2437], '21%': [2440], '7%': [2442], 'samples,': [2444], 'respectively': [2445], '[67].': [2446], 'origin': [2448], 'African,': [2451], 'since': [2452], 'Cuba.': [2460], 'fact,': [2462, 5198], 'Upol/Henv': [2464, 2774], 'cluster': [2466], 'env,': [2471], '(CM53379)': [2479], '[49]': [2480], 'Recombinant': [2486], 'virus,': [2501, 4728, 4754, 4805], 'Norway': [2506], '[68],': [2507], '[58],': [2509], 'United': [2511, 2600, 2913], 'Kindgdom': [2512], '[69],': [2513], '[67],': [2516, 3136], 'MAL-like': [2522], 'CRF.': [2523, 2816], 'High': [2524], 'frequencies': [2525, 2824], 'prevalences': [2533], '(Nigeria': [2539], '[70]': [2540], 'Niger': [2542], '[61],': [2543], '(Democratic': [2546], '[71]': [2550], '[49,72]),': [2553], '(Tanzania': [2556], '[73,74],': [2557], 'Kenya': [2558, 2640], '[75,76],': [2559], 'Uganda': [2561, 2645], '[77–79]),': [2562], 'South': [2563], 'America': [2564], '(Argentina': [2565], '[55,56],': [2566], '[56],': [2568], '[57]),': [2571], 'Caribbean': [2573], '(Cuba': [2574], '[67]),': [2575], '(Myanmar': [2577], '[80]': [2578, 2833], 'China': [2580, 2840], '[81]),': [2581], 'nonsubytpe': [2584], '[Northwestern': [2590], 'Kingdom': [2601], '[69]].': [2602], 'rural': [2604], 'six': [2606], '(27%)': [2607], '22': [2609], '[72].': [2617], 'constituted': [2627], 'one-half': [2630], '(five': [2631], 'nine)': [2633], 'Tanzania': [2636], '[74],': [2637], '39%': [2638], '[75],': [2641], '[77],': [2646], 'involving': [2647, 3890], 'countries.': [2654], 'results': [2656, 4699, 4718, 5450], 'concordant': [2658], '[73,76,78,79].': [2669], '14': [2672, 2749], '(78%)': [2673], 'URF,': [2684, 2755], 'obtained': [2697, 4636, 4701, 5458], 'Rio': [2702], 'de': [2703], 'Janeiro': [2704], '(Brazil),': [2705], 'gag-pol': [2708], 'showed': [2712, 4422, 4643], 'seven': [2714, 2807], '78': [2716], 'recombinants,': [2720, 2886], 'structures,': [2724], 'unrelated': [2726], '[57].': [2737], 'Cuba,': [2739], '(13%)': [2750], '105': [2752, 2811], 'formed': [2756], 'island': [2766], '(B': [2767], 'Dpol/Aevn': [2772], 'recombinants)': [2775, 3074], '[67]': [2776], '4).Fig.': [2778], '4.:': [2779], 'Diverse': [2780], 'patterns': [2782, 2796], 'analysed': [2788], 'segments.': [2794, 2988], 'CU68': [2798], '(Upol/Henv)': [2799], 'CU40': [2801], '(Dpol/Aenv)': [2802], '21': [2809, 4331], 'individuals,': [2812], 'respectively,': [2813, 4321], 'probable': [2815, 4599], 'rest': [2818], 'recombinants.In': [2821], 'Myanmar': [2832], 'Yunnan': [2837], 'province': [2838], '(71%': [2841], 'Dehong': [2845], 'prefecture': [2846], 'BC': [2849], 'forms)': [2851], '[81].': [2852], '(Galicia),': [2856], 'nonsubtype': [2858, 2916], '72%': [2870, 2927], '(49': [2871], '68)': [2873], '20': [2877], '(41%)': [2878], 'URF.': [2882], 'Among': [2883], 'these,': [2884], 'Kingdom,': [2914], '20%': [2915], 'did': [2928], 'belong': [2930], '[69].': [2934], 'VRFs': [2941], 'summarized': [2943], 'Table': [2945], '1.Table': [2946], '1:': [2947], 'Geographical': [2948], 'forms.Recent': [2953], 'therefore': [2955], 'reinforce': [2956], 'major': [2963], 'mechanism': [2964, 3952], 'pandemic.': [2975], 'real': [2977], 'prevalence': [2978, 3019, 3062, 3144, 5289, 5415], 'underestimated': [2983], 'few': [3003], 'countries': [3004], 'there,': [3007], 'far': [3011], 'representative.': [3013], 'any': [3015], 'case,': [3016], 'many': [3023, 5135, 5276, 5325], 'occurence': [3029], 'forms.': [3036], 'what': [3038], 'derive': [3041], 'simultaneous': [3043, 3861, 3915], 'closely': [3045, 4647, 4684], 'spaced': [3046], 'infections,': [3047, 3889, 4984], 'superinfections': [3050, 4303], 'established': [3052, 4051, 4992, 5302], 'mature': [3055], 'immune': [3056, 5006, 5037, 5078], 'responses': [3057, 5007, 5079, 5395, 5565], '(intraclade': [3073], 'unknown': [3076], 'difficulty': [3080, 5280], 'identification.': [3083], 'detection': [3085, 4750], 'grouping': [3101], 'clusters': [3105], 'geogrphical': [3110], 'area.': [3111], 'Co-circulation': [3112], 'Ethiopia': [3125], '(subtype': [3126, 3130, 3134, 3139], 'C)': [3127], '[82],': [3128], 'B)': [3131, 3135], '[83],': [3132], 'G)': [3140], '[60],': [3141], 'could': [3148, 3304, 3742, 4954, 5379], 'studied.': [3150], 'Biological': [3151, 3224], 'characteristics': [3152, 3225, 3312, 3350], 'region': [3156], 'principal': [3161], 'determinant': [3162], 'tropism,': [3165], 'phenotype,': [3166, 3240], 'co-receptor': [3168, 3335, 3456, 3687], 'use': [3169, 3265, 3290, 3457, 3707, 3903, 4949, 5047], '5).': [3171], 'association': [3173, 3487], 'syncytium-inducing': [3176, 3594], 'phenotype': [3177, 3339, 3367, 3393, 3414], 'positively': [3182], 'charged': [3183], 'amino': [3184, 3514, 4190], 'acids': [3185, 3515], 'positions': [3189], '11': [3190], '25': [3192], 'A,': [3202, 3464], 'B,': [3203, 3465, 4421, 4665], 'C,': [3204, 3466], 'D,': [3205, 3468], '(CRF-01': [3207], 'AE)': [3208], '[84],': [3212], 'several': [3214, 3550, 4118, 4269], 'differences': [3215], 'defined': [3221, 3371], '[85–88].Fig.': [3222], '5.:': [3223], 'recombinants.': [3231], 'Correlation': [3232], 'net': [3236, 3259, 3284], 'charge,': [3237], 'syncytiuminducing': [3238], '(SI)': [3239], 'chemokine': [3241, 3267, 3292], 'receptor': [3242, 3268, 3293], 'usage,': [3243], 'tropism': [3245, 3685, 3697, 4843], 'types': [3249], 'culture.': [3251], 'SI': [3253, 3300], 'display': [3255, 3282], 'charge': [3260, 3285], '(≥': [3261], '+5)': [3262], 'primarily': [3264, 3289], 'CXCR4': [3269], '(T': [3270], 'lymphotropic),': [3271], 'exclusively': [3272], 'together': [3274, 5024], 'CCR5': [3276, 3416, 3441], '(dual': [3277], 'tropic).': [3278], 'Non-SI': [3280], '(≤': [3286], '+4)': [3287], 'CCR5.': [3294], 'non-SI': [3302], 'change': [3307, 3453], 'phenotype.The': [3310], 'biological': [3311, 3624, 3664, 3730, 3750, 3762], 'peripheral': [3319], 'blood': [3320], 'mononuclear': [3321], 'cells': [3322, 4036, 4070, 4089], '(PBMC)': [3323], 'organic': [3325], 'fluids': [3326], 'usage': [3336, 3381, 3417, 3439, 3688], 'syncytium': [3338, 3378], 'CRF02_AG-like': [3341], 'Camernoon': [3345], 'described': [3351, 3376, 3558, 3591, 5520], 'correlated': [3357], 'clinical': [3360], 'status': [3361], 'patients': [3364, 4025, 4158, 5335], '[89].': [3365], 'newly': [3370], 'inducing,': [3379], 'CXCR4,': [3383], 'CCR5,': [3384], 'CCR3,': [3385], 'CCR2b': [3387], 'co-receptors,': [3388], 'showing': [3389, 3484, 3623, 3693, 3780], 'correlation': [3391], 'predicted': [3394, 3420], 'characteristic': [3403], 'pattern': [3404], '[90].': [3411], 'nonsyncytium-inducing': [3413], '[91].': [3436, 3671], 'preferential': [3438, 5027], 'favor': [3443, 3758, 5203], 'heterosexual': [3450], 'activity.': [3451], '143': [3459], '(CRF01_AE),': [3473], '24': [3475], 'vertically': [3476], 'children,': [3478], '[92],': [3483], 'significant': [3486], 'decreased': [3489], 'CD4-cell': [3490], 'counts': [3491], 'severity': [3493], 'disease': [3495, 4857], 'emergence': [3498, 4055, 4957], 'CXCR': [3500], '4-using': [3501], 'spite': [3504], 'hypervariability': [3507], 'loop,': [3511, 3622], 'Gly317-Pro318-Gly319': [3516], 'crown': [3519, 3587], 'conserved.': [3525], 'GPG': [3527, 3554], 'motif': [3528, 3555, 3615], 'conserved': [3531], 'because': [3532, 5388], 'helps': [3534], 'create': [3536], 'conformation': [3538], 'required': [3543], 'induce': [3545, 5097], 'syncytia': [3546], 'apoptosis.': [3548], 'changes': [3551, 3728, 3740], 'nonB': [3560], 'Romanian': [3564], '[93],': [3568], 'identical': [3570], 'PBMC': [3574, 3650, 4529, 4660], 'MT2': [3576], 'cultures': [3577], 'GVGR': [3580], 'tetrapeptide': [3581, 3637], 'apex': [3582, 3640], 'sequence.': [3583], 'unusual': [3585, 3636], 'GIGK': [3586], 'C': [3598], '[88].': [3599], 'study': [3602], '[94],': [3603], '40%': [3605], 'Brazilian': [3608], 'GWGR': [3614], 'tip': [3618, 3681, 3716], 'properties': [3625, 3731], 'similar': [3626], 'observed': [3629], 'strains.': [3634], '(GRGR)': [3642], 'clones': [3648, 3665], 'patient': [3653, 3776, 4384, 4433, 4620, 4756, 4784], '+': [3657], 'primary': [3669, 4706], 'effect': [3673, 3806], 'point': [3676, 5175], 'GPGR': [3680], 'studied': [3691, 4595], '[95],': [3692], 'macrophages': [3701], 'brain-derived': [3703], 'cells,': [3704], 'co-receptors': [3710], 'markedly': [3712], 'affected': [3713], 'domain.': [3721], 'Little': [3722], 'regarding': [3725], 'following': [3735, 4483, 4510], 'reinfection': [3736, 5594], 'depending': [3745], 'Direct': [3755], 'interaction': [3763], 'synergism': [3765, 3801], 'infecting': [3768], 'co-infected': [3775], 'reported,': [3779], 'predominance,': [3782], 'vivo,': [3788], 'active': [3797], 'helper': [3804], 'modulating': [3808], 'pathogenesis': [3810, 5599], '[96].': [3814], 'Dual': [3815, 3857, 4240], 'individual,': [3826], 'phenomenon': [3828], 'referred': [3829], '(or': [3834], 'involved).': [3843], 'If': [3844], 'generated.': [3856], 'sequential.': [3863], 'general,': [3865], 'occurring': [3869, 3939], 'event': [3874], 'co-infection.': [3877], 'On': [3878], 'hand,': [3881], 'generally': [3886, 5096], 'sequential': [3888, 3917], 'confusion': [3898], 'generic': [3911], 'name': [3912], '[97].': [3919], 'attempt': [3922], 'clarify': [3924], 'concepts,': [3926], 'propose': [3928], 're-infection': [3929, 4276, 4447], 'term': [3933], 'seropositive': [3944, 4075], 'individual.': [3945], 'As': [3946, 3977, 4825, 5454], 'discussed': [3947], 'earlier,': [3948], 'peculiar': [3950], 'taken': [3966], 'place,': [3967], 'intrasubtype,': [3973], 'intersubtype,': [3974], 'intergroup.': [3976], 'reviewed': [3979], '[97],': [3980], '[98,99],': [3992], 'increasing': [3998], 'over': [3999, 5029, 5117, 5134], 'time.': [4000], 'superinfecting': [4009, 4057, 4312, 4804], 'PBMCs': [4012], 'HIV-1-infected': [4014, 4157, 4619], 'asymptomatic': [4015, 4048], 'CD4': [4019, 4028, 4763], 'counts,': [4021, 4030], 'suppressed': [4032], 'autologous': [4034], 'CD8': [4035, 4063, 5394], '[100].': [4037], 'support': [4041, 5045, 5516], 'notion': [4043, 5310], 'stages': [4049], 'inhibited': [4061], 'cells.': [4064], 'HIV-infected': [4069], 'lymphoid': [4072], 'tissue': [4073], 'often': [4078], 'multiply': [4079, 4087], 'infected,': [4080], '6–18%': [4082], 'within': [4086, 4183], '[101].': [4093], 'animals': [4099], '[102,103]': [4100], 'suggest': [4101], 'affect': [4110], 'course': [4112], 'infection.': [4115], 'humans,': [4117, 4211], 'HIV-2,': [4127], 'M': [4132], 'O,': [4134], '[97]).': [4145], 'Very': [4146], '[104],': [4148], 'splenocytes': [4154], 'mean': [4161], 'per': [4169], 'huge': [4175], 'extensive': [4180], '(up': [4187], '34%': [4189], 'acid': [4191], 'difference),': [4192], 'indicating': [4193], 'very': [4197, 4293, 4367, 4375, 4683, 5558], 'evolution': [4204], 'HIV': [4206], 'patients.': [4209, 4869], 'emerge': [4220, 4845], 'sharing': [4223], 'injection': [4224, 4612, 4818], 'equipment': [4225, 4613], 'direct': [4227], 'intravenous': [4228, 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