Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1998221953', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-002-0308-z', 'title': 'Convex extensions and envelopes of lower semi-continuous functions', 'display_name': 'Convex extensions and envelopes of lower semi-continuous functions', 'publication_year': 2002, 'publication_date': '2002-12-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1998221953', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-002-0308-z', 'mag': '1998221953'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-002-0308-z', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S193920097', 'display_name': 'Mathematical Programming', 'issn_l': '0025-5610', 'issn': ['0025-5610', '1436-4646'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5001767041', 'display_name': 'Mohit Tawarmalani', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3085-0084'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I219193219', 'display_name': 'Purdue University West Lafayette', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02dqehb95', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I219193219']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Mohit Tawarmalani', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Krannert School of Management, Purdue University. e-mail: [email protected]., ERROR'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Krannert School of Management, Purdue University. e-mail: [email protected]., ERROR', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I219193219']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5031811254', 'display_name': 'Nikolaos V. Sahinidis', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2087-9131'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I157725225', 'display_name': 'University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/047426m28', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I157725225']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Nikolaos V Sahinidis', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. e-mail: [email protected]., ERROR'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. e-mail: [email protected]., ERROR', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I157725225']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 2190, 'currency': 'EUR', 'value_usd': 2890, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 11.55, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 121, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.99921, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 96, 'max': 97}, 'biblio': {'volume': '93', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '247', 'last_page': '263'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10963', 'display_name': 'Numerical Optimization Techniques', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2612', 'display_name': 'Numerical Analysis'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/26', 'display_name': 'Mathematics'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10963', 'display_name': 'Numerical Optimization Techniques', 'score': 0.9998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2612', 'display_name': 'Numerical Analysis'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/26', 'display_name': 'Mathematics'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10545', 'display_name': 'Iterative Algorithms for Nonlinear Operators and Optimization', 'score': 0.9925, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1703', 'display_name': 'Computational Theory and Mathematics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11435', 'display_name': 'Symbolic Computing in Algebraic Geometry and Cryptography', 'score': 0.9912, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1703', 'display_name': 'Computational Theory and Mathematics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/effective-domain', 'display_name': 'Effective domain', 'score': 0.7446012}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/proper-convex-function', 'display_name': 'Proper convex function', 'score': 0.6460806}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/absolutely-convex-set', 'display_name': 'Absolutely convex set', 'score': 0.54605174}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/convex-optimization', 'display_name': 'Convex Optimization', 'score': 0.537695}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/linearization', 'display_name': 'Linearization', 'score': 0.41944522}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.76955986}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C58385900', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5347254', 'display_name': 'Effective domain', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.7446012}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C200661725', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q289500', 'display_name': 'Subderivative', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.7433411}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C49870271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193657', 'display_name': 'Convex set', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.73514426}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C12108790', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2234833', 'display_name': 'Convex analysis', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.7133534}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C50862404', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3075259', 'display_name': 'Proper convex function', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.6460806}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C6018138', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332715', 'display_name': 'Absolutely convex set', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.54605174}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111110010', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2627315', 'display_name': 'Convex combination', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5459295}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778029271', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421931', 'display_name': 'Extension (predicate logic)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.54034907}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C206194317', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138624', 'display_name': 'Convex hull', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.51802665}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C112680207', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q714886', 'display_name': 'Regular polygon', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.45727187}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C145446738', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319913', 'display_name': 'Convex function', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.42319635}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C11210021', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1520713', 'display_name': 'Linearization', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.41944522}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C157972887', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463359', 'display_name': 'Convex optimization', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.3858496}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202444582', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863', 'display_name': 'Pure mathematics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3525243}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C158622935', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848', 'display_name': 'Nonlinear system', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.2390101}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.13075414}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2524010', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087', 'display_name': 'Geometry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.10620105}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62520636', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944', 'display_name': 'Quantum mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C199360897', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143', 'display_name': 'Programming language', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-002-0308-z', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S193920097', 'display_name': 'Mathematical Programming', 'issn_l': '0025-5610', 'issn': ['0025-5610', '1436-4646'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900', 'host_organization_name': 'Springer Science+Business Media', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310319965', 'https://openalex.org/P4310319900'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Springer Nature', 'Springer Science+Business Media'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 10, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1497465005', 'https://openalex.org/W1499399028', 'https://openalex.org/W1578073734', 'https://openalex.org/W1988622494', 'https://openalex.org/W2048881327', 'https://openalex.org/W2084006722', 'https://openalex.org/W2093022060', 'https://openalex.org/W2129790367', 'https://openalex.org/W2151308681', 'https://openalex.org/W2787523326'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W868123585', 'https://openalex.org/W4382519084', 'https://openalex.org/W4361807553', 'https://openalex.org/W3092518081', 'https://openalex.org/W2391247224', 'https://openalex.org/W2376997122', 'https://openalex.org/W2026600343', 'https://openalex.org/W2002037426', 'https://openalex.org/W165488893', 'https://openalex.org/W1510770274'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1998221953', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 7}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-10T20:49:58.303085', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}