Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1997389295', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1086/510634', 'title': 'Divergent Host Plant Adaptation and Reproductive Isolation between Ecotypes of <i>Timema cristinae</i> Walking Sticks', 'display_name': 'Divergent Host Plant Adaptation and Reproductive Isolation between Ecotypes of <i>Timema cristinae</i> Walking Sticks', 'publication_year': 2007, 'publication_date': '2007-01-22', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1997389295', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1086/510634', 'mag': '1997389295', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17211800'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1086/510634', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S122176235', 'display_name': 'The American Naturalist', 'issn_l': '0003-0147', 'issn': ['0003-0147', '1537-5323'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315672', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Chicago Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315690', 'https://openalex.org/P4310315672'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Chicago', 'University of Chicago Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5030592051', 'display_name': 'Patrik Nosil', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8271-9005'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I141945490', 'display_name': 'University of British Columbia', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03rmrcq20', 'country_code': 'CA', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I141945490']}], 'countries': ['CA'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Patrik Nosil', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T\u200a1Z4 Canada'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T\u200a1Z4 Canada', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I141945490']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5030592051'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I141945490'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 22.032, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 229, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999918, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '169', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '151', 'last_page': '162'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10487', 'display_name': 'Plant and animal studies', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1105', 'display_name': 'Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10487', 'display_name': 'Plant and animal studies', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1105', 'display_name': 'Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10005', 'display_name': 'Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2309', 'display_name': 'Nature and Landscape Conservation'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10174', 'display_name': 'Animal Behavior and Reproduction', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1105', 'display_name': 'Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/reproductive-isolation', 'display_name': 'Reproductive isolation', 'score': 0.89856815}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ecological-speciation', 'display_name': 'Ecological speciation', 'score': 0.8970171}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/parapatric-speciation', 'display_name': 'Parapatric speciation', 'score': 0.8800139}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/ecotype', 'display_name': 'Ecotype', 'score': 0.78230476}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm', 'display_name': 'Genetic algorithm', 'score': 0.7467638}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/incipient-speciation', 'display_name': 'Incipient speciation', 'score': 0.66059095}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/local-adaptation', 'display_name': 'Local adaptation', 'score': 0.5799729}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/host-adaptation', 'display_name': 'Host adaptation', 'score': 0.44902736}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C26772143', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q572872', 'display_name': 'Reproductive isolation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.89856815}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C82369549', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17011665', 'display_name': 'Ecological speciation', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.8970171}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C4871052', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200722', 'display_name': 'Parapatric speciation', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.8800139}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C10860467', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q296519', 'display_name': 'Ecotype', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.78230476}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776838516', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787', 'display_name': 'Genetic algorithm', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7467638}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C86803240', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420', 'display_name': 'Biology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.74658996}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120304967', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39350', 'display_name': 'Incipient speciation', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.66059095}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C78458016', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400', 'display_name': 'Evolutionary biology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6212775}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C139807058', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374', 'display_name': 'Adaptation (eye)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.58606416}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780354846', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24962946', 'display_name': 'Local adaptation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5799729}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C18903297', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150', 'display_name': 'Ecology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.52307826}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C75268714', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43478', 'display_name': 'Natural selection', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4699692}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776914050', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19597524', 'display_name': 'Host adaptation', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.44902736}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71640776', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16521', 'display_name': 'Taxon', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4431438}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107023163', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q143089', 'display_name': 'Gene flow', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.37028587}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C81917197', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760', 'display_name': 'Selection (genetic algorithm)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.33800307}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2908647359', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603', 'display_name': 'Population', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.24088448}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C68873052', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q349856', 'display_name': 'Genetic variation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.12922305}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54355233', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162', 'display_name': 'Genetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.12921053}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C104317684', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187', 'display_name': 'Gene', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.084923565}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C149923435', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732', 'display_name': 'Demography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C169760540', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011', 'display_name': 'Neuroscience', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201', 'display_name': 'Sociology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C141231307', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020', 'display_name': 'Genome', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D005075', 'descriptor_name': 'Biological Evolution', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051456', 'descriptor_name': 'Gene Flow', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007313', 'descriptor_name': 'Insecta', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000235', 'qualifier_name': 'genetics', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010945', 'descriptor_name': 'Plants, Edible', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012098', 'descriptor_name': 'Reproduction', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000222', 'descriptor_name': 'Adaptation, Physiological', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004463', 'descriptor_name': 'Ecology', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005260', 'descriptor_name': 'Female', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005843', 'descriptor_name': 'Geography', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007313', 'descriptor_name': 'Insecta', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012641', 'descriptor_name': 'Selection, Genetic', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D013045', 'descriptor_name': 'Species Specificity', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1086/510634', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S122176235', 'display_name': 'The American Naturalist', 'issn_l': '0003-0147', 'issn': ['0003-0147', '1537-5323'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315672', 'host_organization_name': 'University of Chicago Press', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315690', 'https://openalex.org/P4310315672'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['University of Chicago', 'University of Chicago Press'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17211800', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Life on land', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15', 'score': 0.64}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 62, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1585068147', 'https://openalex.org/W1599192329', 'https://openalex.org/W1603923763', 'https://openalex.org/W1969972041', 'https://openalex.org/W1974076666', 'https://openalex.org/W1980122972', 'https://openalex.org/W1983531729', 'https://openalex.org/W1990235597', 'https://openalex.org/W1996546315', 'https://openalex.org/W1997919238', 'https://openalex.org/W2000790827', 'https://openalex.org/W2004875842', 'https://openalex.org/W2005436930', 'https://openalex.org/W2007585284', 'https://openalex.org/W2007993714', 'https://openalex.org/W2017669913', 'https://openalex.org/W2025469564', 'https://openalex.org/W2047204437', 'https://openalex.org/W2060150214', 'https://openalex.org/W2065104225', 'https://openalex.org/W2066362596', 'https://openalex.org/W2070094016', 'https://openalex.org/W2074370962', 'https://openalex.org/W2084453114', 'https://openalex.org/W2087060778', 'https://openalex.org/W2093202994', 'https://openalex.org/W2103179970', 'https://openalex.org/W2104465908', 'https://openalex.org/W2105377007', 'https://openalex.org/W2108639548', 'https://openalex.org/W2113370689', 'https://openalex.org/W2114164968', 'https://openalex.org/W2117380344', 'https://openalex.org/W2130102027', 'https://openalex.org/W2134512196', 'https://openalex.org/W2135630539', 'https://openalex.org/W2143843153', 'https://openalex.org/W2151593272', 'https://openalex.org/W2153863517', 'https://openalex.org/W2157404518', 'https://openalex.org/W2160133541', 'https://openalex.org/W2160203464', 'https://openalex.org/W2161854763', 'https://openalex.org/W2164993772', 'https://openalex.org/W2167767101', 'https://openalex.org/W2172960308', 'https://openalex.org/W2174592132', 'https://openalex.org/W2174927999', 'https://openalex.org/W2319047410', 'https://openalex.org/W2325662401', 'https://openalex.org/W2326119868', 'https://openalex.org/W2328180141', 'https://openalex.org/W2328509764', 'https://openalex.org/W3146552763', 'https://openalex.org/W4232403508', 'https://openalex.org/W4237310006', 'https://openalex.org/W4239292261', 'https://openalex.org/W4241161426', 'https://openalex.org/W4249954579', 'https://openalex.org/W4251435051', 'https://openalex.org/W4297899606', 'https://openalex.org/W4323237771'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4377266944', 'https://openalex.org/W3147604473', 'https://openalex.org/W3140358453', 'https://openalex.org/W268792697', 'https://openalex.org/W2485867804', 'https://openalex.org/W2160691674', 'https://openalex.org/W2159357690', 'https://openalex.org/W2146696001', 'https://openalex.org/W2031999039', 'https://openalex.org/W1997389295'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Theoretical': [0], 'and': [1, 31, 70, 173], 'empirical': [2], 'studies': [3, 45], 'have': [4, 183], 'demonstrated': [5], 'that': [6, 93, 107, 200], 'divergent': [7, 94, 189], 'natural': [8], 'selection': [9], 'can': [10, 97], 'promote': [11, 98], 'the': [12, 21, 27, 32, 35, 61, 81, 99, 121, 125, 144, 160, 176, 179, 192, 198], 'evolution': [13, 100], 'of': [14, 23, 29, 37, 46, 63, 75, 83, 86, 101, 124, 127, 148, 152, 159, 181, 187], 'reproductive': [15, 24, 65, 103, 141, 165], 'isolation.': [16, 129], 'Three': [17], 'unresolved': [18], 'questions': [19], 'concern': [20], 'types': [22], 'barriers': [25, 66, 142], 'involved,': [26], 'role': [28], 'geography,': [30], 'factors': [33, 199], 'determining': [34], 'extent': [36], 'progress': [38, 133], 'toward': [39, 134], 'complete': [40, 201], 'speciation.': [41, 202], 'Here': [42], 'I': [43], 'synthesize': [44], 'Timema': [47], 'cristinae': [48, 91, 169], 'host': [49, 95], 'plant': [50], 'ecotypes': [51, 170], 'to': [52, 59, 89, 117, 196], 'address': [53], 'these': [54], 'issues.': [55], 'The': [56], 'approach': [57, 88], 'is': [58, 171], 'compare': [60], 'magnitude': [62], 'multiple': [64], 'among': [67], 'different': [68], 'ecological': [69], 'geographic': [71], 'scenarios,': [72], 'where': [73], 'pairs': [74], 'populations': [76], 'within': [77, 191], 'each': [78], 'scenario': [79], 'are': [80, 108, 194], 'unit': [82], 'replication.': [84], 'Application': [85], 'this': [87], 'T.': [90, 168], 'revealed': [92], 'adaptation': [96], 'diverse': [102], 'barriers,': [104], 'including': [105], 'those': [106], 'not': [109, 138], 'inherently': [110], 'ecological.': [111], 'Gene': [112], 'flow': [113], 'in': [114, 143], 'parapatry': [115], 'tended': [116], 'constrain': [118], 'divergence,': [119], 'with': [120], 'notable': [122], 'exception': [123], 'reinforcement': [126], 'sexual': [128], 'Thus,': [130], 'geography': [131], 'affected': [132], 'speciation': [135, 161, 182], 'but': [136], 'did': [137], 'influence': [139], 'all': [140], 'same': [145], 'way.': [146], 'Studies': [147, 186], 'any': [149], 'single': [150], 'pair': [151], 'taxa': [153, 190], 'often': [154], 'capture': [155], 'only': [156, 175], 'certain': [157], 'stages': [158, 177], 'process.': [162], 'For': [163], 'example,': [164], 'isolation': [166], 'between': [167], 'incomplete,': [172], 'so': [174], 'before': [178], 'completion': [180], 'been': [184], 'examined.': [185], 'more': [188], 'genus': [193], 'required': [195], 'determine': [197]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1997389295', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 20}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 17}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 11}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 20}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 17}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-17T06:25:46.712770', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}