Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1991650304', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.20611', 'title': 'Analysis of energy dissipation in stirred suspension polymerisation reactors using computational fluid dynamics', 'display_name': 'Analysis of energy dissipation in stirred suspension polymerisation reactors using computational fluid dynamics', 'publication_year': 2011, 'publication_date': '2011-09-19', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1991650304', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.20611', 'mag': '1991650304'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.20611', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S83557516', 'display_name': 'The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering', 'issn_l': '0008-4034', 'issn': ['0008-4034', '1939-019X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5059554465', 'display_name': 'Evandro S. Nogueira', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I41870', 'display_name': 'Military Institute of Engineering', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03veakt65', 'country_code': 'BR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I41870']}], 'countries': ['BR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'E. S. Nogueira', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Instituto Militar de Engenharia.Pça Gal Tibúrcio 80, 22290‐270, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeior, Brazil, Brazil.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Instituto Militar de Engenharia.Pça Gal Tibúrcio 80, 22290‐270, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeior, Brazil, Brazil.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I41870']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5101767121', 'display_name': 'José Carlos Pinto', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2631-1811'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I122140584', 'display_name': 'Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03490as77', 'country_code': 'BR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I122140584']}], 'countries': ['BR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'J. C. Pinto', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Programa de Engenharia Química/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, CP 68502, 21941-972 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Programa de Engenharia Química/COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, CP 68502, 21941-972 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I122140584']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5040188094', 'display_name': 'Ardson dos S. Vianna', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0192-7839'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I41870', 'display_name': 'Military Institute of Engineering', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/03veakt65', 'country_code': 'BR', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I41870']}], 'countries': ['BR'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'A. S. Vianna', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Instituto Militar de Engenharia.Pça Gal Tibúrcio 80, 22290‐270, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeior, Brazil, Brazil.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Instituto Militar de Engenharia.Pça Gal Tibúrcio 80, 22290‐270, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeior, Brazil, Brazil.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I41870']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3450, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3450, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.387, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 17, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.744431, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 88, 'max': 89}, 'biblio': {'volume': '90', 'issue': '4', 'first_page': '983', 'last_page': '995'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10864', 'display_name': 'Fluid Dynamics and Mixing', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2204', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10864', 'display_name': 'Fluid Dynamics and Mixing', 'score': 0.9997, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2204', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11401', 'display_name': 'Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques', 'score': 0.9987, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2312', 'display_name': 'Water Science and Technology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10615', 'display_name': 'Granular flow and fluidized beds', 'score': 0.9937, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2206', 'display_name': 'Computational Mechanics'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/breakage', 'display_name': 'Breakage', 'score': 0.84821755}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/coalescence', 'display_name': 'Coalescence (physics)', 'score': 0.71553093}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/particle', 'display_name': 'Particle (ecology)', 'score': 0.44087029}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/rushton-turbine', 'display_name': 'Rushton turbine', 'score': 0.4369343}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779015675', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92796261', 'display_name': 'Breakage', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.84821755}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C135402231', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898440', 'display_name': 'Dissipation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.74677896}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C57879066', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217', 'display_name': 'Mechanics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.7430651}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C149792144', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2071902', 'display_name': 'Coalescence (physics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.71553093}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1633027', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815820', 'display_name': 'Computational fluid dynamics', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.64080447}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C140820882', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732722', 'display_name': 'Vortex', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5697173}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C196558001', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132', 'display_name': 'Turbulence', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.56600237}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153005164', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1698700', 'display_name': 'Impeller', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46849972}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2908647359', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603', 'display_name': 'Population', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46315518}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777871205', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q100926628', 'display_name': 'Breakup', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44736362}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778517922', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140482', 'display_name': 'Particle (ecology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44087029}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C192562407', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736', 'display_name': 'Materials science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.43820968}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778912791', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7380878', 'display_name': 'Rushton turbine', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4369343}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142259097', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891314', 'display_name': 'Homogeneity (statistics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.4352856}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C97355855', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473', 'display_name': 'Thermodynamics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.277805}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.26517963}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.08820757}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159985019', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790', 'display_name': 'Composite material', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.08391118}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111368507', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518', 'display_name': 'Oceanography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C149923435', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732', 'display_name': 'Demography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119857082', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539', 'display_name': 'Machine learning', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144024400', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201', 'display_name': 'Sociology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C87355193', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411', 'display_name': 'Astrobiology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127313418', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069', 'display_name': 'Geology', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.20611', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S83557516', 'display_name': 'The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering', 'issn_l': '0008-4034', 'issn': ['0008-4034', '1939-019X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Affordable and clean energy', 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7', 'score': 0.56}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 38, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W155528174', 'https://openalex.org/W1619737676', 'https://openalex.org/W1973624122', 'https://openalex.org/W1973999062', 'https://openalex.org/W1974078558', 'https://openalex.org/W1976027017', 'https://openalex.org/W1983861384', 'https://openalex.org/W1987720665', 'https://openalex.org/W1989605695', 'https://openalex.org/W1990119995', 'https://openalex.org/W1996125175', 'https://openalex.org/W2009106226', 'https://openalex.org/W2011217171', 'https://openalex.org/W2020571948', 'https://openalex.org/W2021102767', 'https://openalex.org/W2022597938', 'https://openalex.org/W2034418324', 'https://openalex.org/W2038403865', 'https://openalex.org/W2048173555', 'https://openalex.org/W2048523351', 'https://openalex.org/W2048697635', 'https://openalex.org/W2049204369', 'https://openalex.org/W2050156969', 'https://openalex.org/W2056897960', 'https://openalex.org/W2090391547', 'https://openalex.org/W2091967606', 'https://openalex.org/W2093695187', 'https://openalex.org/W2094645050', 'https://openalex.org/W2098659996', 'https://openalex.org/W2119094503', 'https://openalex.org/W2138257976', 'https://openalex.org/W2496224001', 'https://openalex.org/W2744008313', 'https://openalex.org/W3174892484', 'https://openalex.org/W3201603861', 'https://openalex.org/W3217008908', 'https://openalex.org/W4206042949', 'https://openalex.org/W4211165186'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4385358963', 'https://openalex.org/W2900536220', 'https://openalex.org/W2895289037', 'https://openalex.org/W2791129558', 'https://openalex.org/W2614444565', 'https://openalex.org/W2161328586', 'https://openalex.org/W2138109231', 'https://openalex.org/W2073524680', 'https://openalex.org/W2043036735', 'https://openalex.org/W2030670984'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'This': [1], 'work': [2], 'evaluates': [3], 'the': [4, 46, 56, 66, 70, 77, 100, 110, 126, 135, 149, 152, 162, 184, 194, 216, 221], 'spatial': [5, 67], 'distribution': [6, 68], 'of': [7, 10, 69, 83, 93, 102, 128, 196, 220], 'normalised': [8, 81], 'rates': [9, 74, 82, 101], 'droplet': [11, 14, 84], 'breakage': [12, 85, 140, 169], 'and': [13, 86, 151], 'coalescence': [15, 88, 158], 'in': [16, 20, 49, 119, 143, 161, 204], 'liquid–liquid': [17, 50], 'dispersions': [18], 'maintained': [19], 'agitated': [21, 222], 'tanks': [22], 'at': [23], 'operation': [24], 'conditions': [25], 'normally': [26], 'used': [27, 62, 213], 'to': [28, 44, 64, 192, 199, 214], 'perform': [29], 'suspension': [30, 52], 'polymerisation': [31, 53], 'reactions.': [32], 'Particularly,': [33], 'simulations': [34, 97], 'are': [35, 61, 89, 212], 'performed': [36], 'with': [37], 'multiphase': [38, 96], 'computational': [39], 'fluid': [40, 217], 'dynamics': [41], '(CFD)': [42], 'models': [43, 211], 'represent': [45], 'flow': [47], 'field': [48], 'styrene': [51], 'reactors': [54], 'for': [55, 228], 'first': [57, 63], 'time.': [58], 'CFD': [59], 'tools': [60], 'compute': [65], 'turbulent': [71], 'energy': [72, 103, 131], 'dissipation': [73, 104, 132], '(ε)': [75], 'inside': [76, 134], 'reaction': [78], 'vessel;': [79], 'afterwards,': [80], 'particle': [87, 139, 157, 168, 201], 'computed': [90], 'as': [91, 173], 'functions': [92], 'ε.': [94], 'Surprisingly,': [95], 'showed': [98], 'that': [99, 138, 147], 'can': [105, 188], 'be': [106, 171, 189], 'very': [107, 144, 190], 'high': [108], 'near': [109], 'free': [111, 153], 'vortex': [112, 154], 'surfaces,': [113], 'which': [114], 'has': [115], 'been': [116], 'completely': [117], 'neglected': [118], 'previous': [120], 'works.': [121], 'The': [122], 'obtained': [123, 185], 'results': [124], 'indicate': [125], 'existence': [127], 'extremely': [129], 'large': [130], 'gradients': [133], 'vessel,': [136], 'so': [137], 'occurs': [141], 'primarily': [142], 'small': [145], 'regions': [146], 'surround': [148], 'impeller': [150], 'surface,': [155], 'while': [156], 'takes': [159], 'place': [160], 'liquid': [163], 'bulk.': [164], 'As': [165], 'a': [166, 179], 'consequence,': [167], 'should': [170], 'regarded': [172], 'an': [174], 'independent': [175], 'source': [176], 'term': [177], 'or': [178], 'boundary': [180], 'phenomenon.': [181], 'Based': [182], 'on': [183], 'results,': [186], 'it': [187], 'difficult': [191], 'justify': [193], 'use': [195], 'isotropic': [197], 'assumptions': [198], 'formulate': [200], 'population': [202], 'balances': [203], 'similar': [205], 'systems,': [206], 'even': [207], 'when': [208], 'multiple': [209], 'compartment': [210], 'describe': [215], 'dynamic': [218], 'behaviour': [219], 'vessel.': [223], '©': [224], '2011': [225], 'Canadian': [226], 'Society': [227], 'Chemical': [229], 'Engineering': [230]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1991650304', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-15T19:26:51.188727', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}