Hypoglycemia and glucose counterregulation in normal and insulin‐dependent diabetic subjects

Name: Work Video:
Duration: 3 min 30 s
Stephanie A. Amiel; William V. Tamborlane; Luigi Saccà; Robert S. Sherwin
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[321], 'accessShare': [322, 325], 'full': [323], 'text': [324], 'full-text': [326, 341, 365], 'accessPlease': [327], 'review': [328], 'our': [329], 'Terms': [330, 353], 'Conditions': [332, 355], 'Use': [334], 'check': [336], 'box': [337], 'below': [338, 361], 'share': [340, 363], 'version': [342, 366], 'article.I': [344], 'have': [345], 'read': [346], 'accept': [348], 'Wiley': [350], 'Online': [351], 'Library': [352], 'UseShareable': [357], 'LinkUse': [358], 'link': [360], 'a': [364, 379, 704, 859, 1019, 1052, 1245, 1658, 1746, 2103, 2204, 2288, 2344, 2391, 2418, 2555, 2597, 2617, 2777, 2841, 3183], 'article': [369], 'with': [370, 822, 2349, 2840, 2862, 2913, 3088], 'your': [371], 'friends': [372], 'colleagues.': [374], 'Learn': [375], 'more.Copy': [376], 'URL': [377], 'Share': [378], 'linkShare': [380], 'onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat': [381], 'References': [382], 'Tasaka': [384], 'Y,': [385], 'Sekine': [387], 'M:': [388, 500], 'Levels': [389], 'pancreatic': [391, 573, 697, 2215, 2264, 2803], 'glucagon,': [392, 1321, 1348, 1594, 1651], 'insulin': [393, 740, 1048, 1095, 1116, 1316, 1457, 1730, 1750, 1776, 2108, 2112, 2178, 2571, 2865, 3077, 3176], 'glucose.': [395, 1250], 'Horm': [396, 458], 'Metab': [397, 459, 838, 998, 1334, 1436, 1755, 1783, 2814], 'Res': [398, 460], '7:': [399], '205–206,': [400], '1975.': [401], '2': [402, 2723], 'Sokoloff': [403], 'L:': [404], 'Metabolism': [405, 545, 1074, 1601, 1717, 2505], 'central': [408], 'nervous': [409, 2501], 'system': [410, 2502], 'vivo.': [412], 'In': [413, 639], 'Handbook': [414], 'Physiology.': [416], 'Section': [417], 'I.': [418], 'Neurophysiology.': [419], 'Waverly': [420], 'Press': [421, 1669], 'Inc.,': [422], 'Baltimore,': [423], 'MD,': [424], '1960,': [425], 'p': [426], '1843.': [427], '3': [428], 'Crone': [429], 'C:': [430, 910], 'Facilitated': [431], 'transfer': [432], 'from': [435, 2295, 3116], 'blood': [436, 451, 754, 1024, 2010, 3002], 'into': [437], 'brain': [438], 'tissue.': [439], 'J': [440, 484, 514, 561, 626, 835, 995, 1031, 1063, 1126, 1159, 1192, 1215, 1283, 1298, 1331, 1376, 1407, 1433, 1461, 1547, 1572, 1663, 1691, 1752, 1780, 1808, 1834, 1922, 2045, 2185, 2246, 2273, 2299, 2456, 2675, 2811, 2951, 3017, 3061, 3218], 'Physiol': [441, 516, 1127, 1216, 1408, 1462, 1548, 1573, 3062], '181:': [442], '103–113,': [443], '1965.': [444], '4': [445], 'Marks': [446, 633], 'V:': [447, 634], 'The': [448, 585, 881, 1071, 1145, 1232, 1767, 2023, 2051, 2285, 2441, 2703], 'measurement': [449], 'definition': [455], 'hypoglycemia.': [457, 638, 777, 864, 938, 1158, 1375, 2354], '(Suppl': [461, 941, 1492, 2477, 3192], '6):': [462], '1–6,': [463], '1986.': [464, 1067, 1254, 1495, 2119, 3195], '5': [465], 'Merimee': [466], 'TJ,': [467], 'Tyson': [468], 'JE:': [469, 1345, 1391, 1728, 2137, 2172, 3144], 'Stabilization': [470], 'plasma': [472, 827, 1249, 1366, 1707, 2946], 'during': [474, 536, 1059, 1327, 2670], 'fasting.': [475], 'Normal': [476], 'variation': [477], 'two': [479], 'separate': [480], 'studies.': [481], 'N': [482, 559, 1061, 1296, 1689, 2043, 2183, 2244, 2673, 2949, 3015, 3216], 'Engl': [483, 560, 1062, 1297, 1690, 2044, 2184, 2245, 2674, 2950, 3016, 3217], 'Med': [485, 562, 597, 680, 1064, 1299, 1692, 1900, 1921, 2046, 2186, 2247, 2356, 2676, 2874, 2952, 3018, 3094, 3219], '291:': [486], '1275–1278,': [487], '1974.': [488, 1695, 2461, 2480, 2532], '6': [489], 'McGuire': [490], 'EAH,': [491], 'Helderman': [492], 'JH,': [493, 2198], 'Tobin': [494], 'JD,': [495, 1954], 'Andres': [496], 'R,': [497, 1105, 1171, 1224, 1416, 1611, 1846, 2226, 2307, 2581, 2610, 2888], 'Berman': [499], 'Effects': [501, 1357, 3145], 'arterial': [503], 'vs': [504], 'venous': [505], 'sampling': [506], 'on': [507, 1117, 1180, 1317, 1365, 1399, 1512, 1623, 1772, 1801, 1862, 2013, 2446, 2715, 3004, 3155], 'analysis': [508], 'kinetics': [511, 1182], 'man.': [513, 593, 834, 899, 1124, 1405, 1632, 1779, 1807, 2455, 2474, 2504], 'Apply': [515], '565–573,': [517], '1976.': [518, 565, 781, 1102, 1164], '7': [519], 'Haymond': [520, 1138, 1225, 1385, 2166], 'MW,': [521, 1139, 1386, 2167], 'Kan': [522], 'IE,': [523], 'Clarke': [524, 806, 1877], 'WL,': [525, 807], 'Pagliara': [526, 1140], 'AS,': [527, 976, 1141], 'Santiago': [529, 694, 804, 1136, 2657, 2964, 3038], 'JV:': [530, 695, 2658, 2965], 'Differences': [531], 'circulating': [533, 1628], 'gluconeogenic': [534], 'substrates': [535], 'short': [537], 'term': [538], 'fasting': [539], 'men,': [541], 'women,': [542], 'children.': [544], '31:': [546, 2624, 2985, 3034, 3122], '33–42,': [547], '1982.': [548, 683, 1001, 1465, 1758, 1786, 1839, 1903, 2576, 2626, 2817, 2877, 2919, 2987, 3036, 3124], '8': [549], 'Fajans': [550], 'SS,': [551], 'Floyd': [553], 'JC:': [554], 'Fasting': [555], 'hypoglycemia': [556, 672, 702, 894, 1280, 1887, 1963, 1980, 2208, 2342, 2387, 2422, 2453, 2471, 2636, 2669, 2752, 2806, 3085, 3117, 3187], 'adults.': [558], '294:': [563], '766–772,': [564], '9': [566], 'Whipple': [567], 'AO:': [568], 'Hyperinsulinism': [569], 'relation': [571], 'tumor.': [574], 'Surgery': [575], '16:': [576], '289–298,': [577], '1944.': [578], '10': [579], 'French': [580], 'EB,': [581], 'Kilpatrick': [583], 'R:': [584, 1231, 1294, 1957], 'role': [586, 1146, 1233, 1455, 2393], 'adrenaline': [588], 'hypoglycaemic': [590], 'reactions': [591, 1941], 'Clin': [594, 627, 836, 996, 1160, 1193, 1284, 1332, 1377, 1434, 1664, 1753, 1781, 1809, 1835, 2274, 2300, 2457, 2812], 'Sci': [595, 1869], 'Mol': [596], '14:': [598], '639–651,': [599], '1955.': [600], '11': [601], 'Schwartz': [602, 2798], 'NS,': [603], 'Clutter': [604], 'WE,': [605], 'Shah': [606, 808], 'SD,': [607, 809], 'Cryer': [609, 691, 811, 1134, 1227, 1341, 1387, 1557, 1580, 2168, 2650, 3047], 'PE:': [610, 812, 3048], 'Glycemic': [611], 'thresholds': [612, 3180], 'activation': [614], 'counterregulatory': [617, 860, 890, 1184, 2383, 3081], 'systems': [618], 'are': [619], 'higher': [620], 'than': [621], 'threshold': [623], 'symptoms.': [625], 'Invest': [628, 1161, 1194, 1285, 1378, 1665, 1810, 1836, 2275, 2301, 2458], '79:': [629], '777–781,': [630], '1987.': [631, 904, 2783, 3222], '12': [632], 'Physiological': [635], 'responses': [636, 794, 892, 987, 1016, 1186, 2750, 2772, 3083], 'Hypoglycemia,': [640], '2nd': [641], 'ed.,': [642], 'edited': [643], 'SV': [645], 'Marks,': [646], 'F.': [648], 'Clifford': [649], 'Rose': [650], 'Blackwell': [651], 'Scientific': [652], 'Publications,': [653], 'Oxford,': [654], 'England,': [655], '1982,': [656], '64–65.': [657], '13': [658], 'Hoeldtke': [659], 'RD,': [660, 788], 'Boden': [661], 'G,': [662, 947, 955, 1257, 1261, 1532, 1928, 2122, 2130, 2365, 2535, 2537, 2543, 2545, 2684, 2686, 2693, 2882, 3102, 3127, 3133, 3135], 'Shuman': [663], 'CR,': [664], 'Owen': [666], 'OE:': [667], 'Reduced': [668, 2633], 'epinephrine': [669, 1015, 1398, 1652, 2589, 2768], 'secretion': [670, 1318, 1777, 2497], 'unawareness': [673], 'autonomic': [676, 2425, 2755, 2809], 'neuropathy.': [677, 2426, 2756, 2810], 'Ann': [678, 2872, 3092], 'Intern': [679], '96:': [681], '459–462,': [682], '14': [684], 'White': [685, 2646, 2957, 3040], 'NH,': [686, 2647, 2958, 3041], 'Gingerich': [687], 'RL,': [688, 978, 1307, 2924], 'Levandoski': [689, 2654, 3044], 'LA,': [690, 3045], 'PE,': [692, 1135, 1342, 1388, 1500, 1558, 1581, 1700, 2169, 2331, 2651], 'Plasma': [696, 2857], 'polypeptide': [698], 'response': [699, 862, 1155, 1243, 1450, 2206, 2320, 2385, 2420, 2449, 2469, 2524, 2557, 2801], 'insulin-induced': [701, 989, 1157, 1374], 'as': [703], 'marker': [705], 'defective': [707, 2289], 'diabetes': [712, 968, 2143, 2181, 2292, 2318, 2639, 2712, 2776, 2870, 2974, 3058, 3161, 3214], 'mellitus.': [713, 969, 2144, 2182, 2640, 2871, 3059, 3162, 3215], 'Diabetes': [714, 757, 778, 799, 865, 900, 939, 970, 1099, 1251, 1490, 1520, 1968, 1987, 2062, 2075, 2115, 2153, 2323, 2398, 2427, 2475, 2602, 2623, 2641, 2726, 2757, 2780, 2984, 3033, 3121, 3163, 3190], '34:': [715, 2399], '870–875,': [716], '1984.': [717, 2049, 2189, 2360, 3065, 3166], '15': [718], 'Arias': [719], 'P,': [720, 949, 951, 959, 1228, 1259, 1267, 1269, 1878, 2124, 2126, 2134, 2368, 2485, 2487, 2539, 2541, 2682, 2691, 2930, 3129, 3141], 'Kemer': [721], 'W,': [722], 'Zier': [723], 'H,': [724, 1414, 2092, 2579, 2794, 2886, 3105], 'Navascues': [725], 'I,': [726, 1222, 3100], 'Pfeiffer': [728], 'EF:': [729], 'Incidence': [730], 'hypoglycemic': [732], 'episodes': [733, 2351], 'patients': [736, 2664, 2838, 3087], 'under': [737], 'continuous': [738, 753, 1177, 2106, 2863], 'subcutaneous': [739, 2107, 2177, 2864], 'infusion': [741, 1096, 2109, 2235, 2843, 2866, 2935], 'intensified': [743], 'conventional': [744, 2111], 'treatment:': [745], 'assessment': [746], 'means': [748], 'semi-ambulatory': [750], '24': [751, 974], 'hr': [752], 'monitoring.': [756], 'Care': [758, 1969, 1988, 2116], '8:': [759, 1989], '134–140,': [760], '1985.': [761, 944, 1288, 1991, 2401, 3097], '16': [762], 'Cole': [763], 'RA,': [764, 844, 877, 1340, 1384, 1444, 1470, 1723, 1842, 2608, 3072], 'Benedict': [765], 'GW,': [766], 'Margolis': [767], 'S,': [768, 1263, 1793, 2333, 2689, 2734, 2788, 3131], 'Kowarski': [770], 'A:': [771, 1205, 2338], 'Blood': [772, 2028], 'monitoring': [774], 'symptomatic': [776, 1962], '25:': [779, 1100], '984–987,': [780], '17': [782], 'Lilavivalhana': [783], 'V,': [784], 'Brodows': [785], 'RG,': [786], 'Woolf': [787], 'Campbell': [790, 1266], 'EG:': [791], 'Counterregulatory': [792, 986], 'hormone': [793, 818, 861, 891, 1185, 1352, 1598, 1622, 1680, 1771, 2771, 3082], 'rapid': [796], 'lowering.': [798], '28:': [800, 2506], '873–877,': [801], '1979.': [802, 1197, 1381, 1411, 1576, 2508, 2848, 3021], '18': [803], 'JV,': [805, 1137, 3039], 'Epinephrine,': [813], 'norepinephrine,': [814, 1596], 'glucagon': [815, 1452, 1567, 2151, 2205, 2384, 2419, 2448, 2496, 2523, 2556, 2591], 'growth': [817, 1351, 1597, 1621, 1679, 1770, 2770], 'release': [819], 'association': [821], 'physiological': [823, 1246], 'decrements': [824], 'concentration': [829], 'Endocrinol': [837, 997, 1333, 1435, 1754, 1782, 2813], '51:': [839], '877–883,': [840], '1980.': [841, 1439, 1523, 1604, 1925, 2605], '19': [842], 'DeFronzo': [843, 876, 1443, 1765, 1795, 1841, 2607, 3071], 'et': [845, 2891], 'al:': [846, 2892], 'A': [847, 1958, 2039, 2716], 'test': [848], 'hypothesis': [851], 'that': [852], 'rate': [854, 882], 'fall': [857, 885], 'triggers': [858], '26:': [866, 2428], '445–452,': [867], '1977.': [868, 2430], '20': [869], 'SA,': [871, 1004, 1037, 3169, 3198], 'Simonson': [872, 1005, 1040, 2612, 3067, 3201], 'DC,': [873, 1006, 1041, 3068, 3202], 'WV,': [875, 1672, 2820, 2922, 3070, 3200], 'RS:': [880, 1419, 1447, 1473, 1535, 1561, 1644, 1675, 1825, 2584, 2933, 3075, 3205], 'does': [886], 'not': [887], 'affect': [888], '37:': [901], 'press,': [903], '21': [905], 'Gjedde': [906], 'A,': [907, 1615, 1936, 2372, 2853, 2884], 'Crome': [909], 'Blood-brain': [911], 'transfer:': [913], 'repression': [914], 'chronic': [916, 937], 'hyperglycemia.': [917, 1459, 1662], 'Science': [918, 2218], '214:': [919], '456–457,': [920], '1981.': [921, 1130, 1949, 1972, 2760, 2955], '22': [922], 'McCall': [923], 'AL,': [924], 'Tornheim': [925], 'K,': [926, 1996], 'Flemming': [927], 'N,': [928, 1556, 1639], 'Ruderman': [930], 'H:': [931, 2632, 2745, 2766, 2997], 'Brain': [932], 'transport': [933], 'metabolism': [935, 1774, 2835], '34': [940, 1255], '1):': [942, 1493, 2478, 3193], '37A,': [943], '23': [945, 2476], 'Bolli': [946, 1256, 2121, 2158, 2534, 2683, 3126], 'DeFeo': [948, 1258, 2123, 2538, 2681, 3128], 'Compagnucci': [950, 2125, 2540, 2690], 'Cartechini': [952, 2546], 'MG,': [953, 2128, 2547], 'Angeletti': [954, 2129, 2544, 2692, 3134], 'Santeusanio': [956, 2131, 2548, 2694, 3138], 'F,': [957, 2132, 2549, 2695, 2851, 3139], 'Brunetti': [958, 1268, 2133, 2551, 2701, 3140], 'Gerich': [961, 1109, 1271, 1344, 1390, 1578, 1727, 2136, 2171, 2191, 2696, 3143], 'J:': [962, 1272, 2490], 'Abnormal': [963, 2138, 2173, 2313], '32:': [971, 2154, 2642, 2727], '134–141,': [972, 2155], '1983.': [973, 1551, 1636, 1813, 2021, 2156, 2644, 2679, 2729], 'Meneilly': [975], 'Minaker': [977], 'Young': [979], 'JB,': [980], 'Lansberg': [981], 'L,': [982, 1107, 1167, 1468, 1526, 1554, 1641, 1725, 1816, 1932, 2655, 2738, 2796, 2890], 'Rowe': [984], 'JM:': [985], 'reduction': [991], 'elderly.': [994], '61:': [999], '178–182,': [1000], '25': [1002], 'RS,': [1008, 1039, 1169, 1607, 2824, 3171], 'Lauritano': [1009, 1042], 'AA,': [1010, 1043], 'WV:': [1013, 1046, 1618, 3174], 'Exaggerated': [1014], 'hypoglycemia:': [1018], 'possible': [1020, 2392], 'mechanism': [1021, 2290, 2598], 'labile': [1023], 'young': [1028, 1965], 'patient.': [1030], 'Pediatr,': [1032], 'press.': [1034], '26': [1035], 'Impaired': [1047, 2339], 'action': [1049], 'puberty:': [1051], 'contributing': [1053], 'factor': [1054, 3185], 'poor': [1056], 'control': [1058, 2030, 2494, 2944, 3000, 3026, 3112, 3154, 3211], 'adolescence.': [1060], '315:': [1065], '215–219,': [1066], '27': [1068], 'Felig': [1069, 1173, 1850, 2228, 2826, 2929], 'P:': [1070, 1174, 2229, 2552, 2827, 2856], 'glucose-alanine': [1072], 'cycle.': [1073], '22:': [1075, 2574], '179–207,': [1076], '1973.': [1077, 2221, 2250, 2304], '28': [1078], 'Chiasson': [1079], 'JL,': [1080], 'Lilgenquist': [1081], 'JE,': [1082, 1579, 2192, 2410, 2697], 'Finger': [1083], 'FE,': [1084], 'Lacy': [1086, 1504], 'WW:': [1087, 1505], 'Differential': [1088, 1392, 1506], 'sensitivity': [1089], 'glycogenolysis': [1091, 1513], 'glucogenogenesis': [1093], 'dogs.': [1098], '283–291,': [1101], '29': [1103], 'Rizza': [1104, 1230, 1339, 1383, 1583, 1722], 'Mandarino': [1106, 1724], 'J.:': [1110], 'Dose-response': [1111], 'characteristics': [1112], 'effects': [1114, 1393, 1564], 'production': [1118, 1240, 1401, 1543, 1738, 1803], 'utilization': [1120, 1743, 1805], 'Am': [1125, 1214, 1406, 1460, 1546, 1571, 3060], '240:': [1128], 'E630–E639,': [1129], '30': [1131], 'Garber': [1132], 'AJ,': [1133], 'Kipnis': [1143], 'DM:': [1144], 'adrenergic': [1148, 2444, 2704, 2724], 'mechanisms': [1149, 1586], 'substrate': [1152], 'hormonal': [1154], '58:': [1162], '7–15,': [1163], '31': [1165], 'Hendler': [1170, 1415, 1610, 1845, 2225, 2580, 2609], 'Influence': [1175, 1852, 2940], 'physiologic': [1178, 1395, 1648], 'hyperinsulinemia': [1179], 'humans.': [1191, 1282, 1432, 1545, 1833], '63:': [1195, 1666], '849–857,': [1196], '32': [1198], 'Glinsman': [1199], 'WH,': [1200], 'Hern': [1201], 'EP,': [1202], 'Lynch': [1204], 'Intrinsic': [1206], 'regulation': [1207], 'output': [1210], 'rat': [1212], 'liver.': [1213], '216:': [1217, 2358], '698–703,': [1218], '1969.': [1219], '33': [1220], 'Hansen': [1221], 'Firth': [1223], 'M,': [1226, 1265, 1530, 1613, 1670, 1820, 2194, 2699, 2822, 2880, 2926, 2928], 'autoregulation': [1235, 1276], 'hepatic': [1238, 1275, 1449, 1541], "man's": [1242], 'decrement': [1247], '35:': [1252, 2077], '186–191,': [1253], 'Perriollo': [1260, 2685], 'DeCosmo': [1262], 'Ventura': [1264, 3136], 'Role': [1273, 1346, 1536], 'defense': [1278], 'against': [1279], '75:': [1286, 1871], '1623–1631,': [1287], '35': [1289, 1491, 3191], 'Axelrod': [1290], 'J,': [1291, 1848, 1876, 2483, 2629, 2732, 2786], 'Weinschilboum': [1293], 'Catecholamines.': [1295], '287:': [1300], '237–242,': [1301], '1972.': [1302, 2326], '36': [1303], 'Service': [1304], 'FJ,': [1305], 'Nelson': [1306], 'Rubenstein': [1308], 'AH,': [1309, 1906], 'Go': [1311], 'VLW:': [1312], 'Direct': [1313], 'effect': [1314, 1511, 1768, 2442], 'insulin,': [1320], 'gastric': [1322], 'inhibitory': [1323], 'polypeptide,': [1324], 'gastrin': [1326], 'maintenance': [1328], 'normoglycemia.': [1330], '47:': [1335], '488–493,': [1336], '1978.': [1337, 1720, 1873], '37': [1338], 'catecholamines': [1349], 'human': [1354, 2900], 'counterregulation.': [1356], 'somatostatin': [1359], 'combined': [1361], 'alpha-': [1362], 'beta-blockade': [1364], 'recovery': [1368, 2568, 3115], 'flux': [1371], 'rates': [1372], 'after': [1373, 2176, 2569, 2975, 3209], '64:': [1379], '62–71,': [1380], '38': [1382], 'concentrations': [1396], 'disposal': [1403], '237:': [1409, 1574], 'E356–E362,': [1410], '39': [1412], 'Shamoon': [1413, 2578, 2765], 'Synergistic': [1420, 1645], 'interactions': [1421, 1475, 1646], 'among': [1422], 'antiinsulin': [1423, 2147], 'hormones': [1424, 2804], 'pathogenesis': [1427], 'stress': [1429], 'hyperglycemia': [1430], '52:': [1437, 2302], '1236–1241,': [1438], '40': [1440], 'Ferrannini': [1441, 1788, 1843], 'E,': [1442, 1789, 1844, 2256], 'Transient': [1448], 'man:': [1454, 1733], '242:': [1463], 'E73–E81,': [1464], '41': [1466], 'Gelfand': [1469], 'Epinephrine-insulin': [1474], 'humans:': [1477], 'dissociation': [1478], 'branched': [1482], 'chain': [1483], 'amino': [1484, 2833], 'acid': [1485, 2834], 'uptake': [1486, 1712], 'skeletal': [1488], 'muscle.': [1489], '83A,': [1494], '42': [1496], 'Cherrington': [1497, 1697], 'AD,': [1498, 1698], 'Williams': [1499, 1699], 'Shulman': [1501, 1608], 'GI,': [1502], 'time': [1507], 'course': [1508], "glucagon's": [1510], 'gluconeogenesis': [1515, 1538], 'conscious': [1518, 1715], 'dog.': [1519, 1570, 1716], '30:': [1521, 2758], '180–187,': [1522], '43': [1524], 'Vigorito': [1527, 1817], 'C,': [1528, 1818, 1930, 2196], 'Cicala': [1529, 1819], 'Corso': [1531], 'epinephrine-stimulated': [1540], '247:': [1549, 3063], 'E294–E304,': [1550], '44': [1552], 'Eigler': [1555, 1638], 'Insulin': [1562, 2614, 2934], 'antagonist': [1563], 'E487–E492,': [1575], '45': [1577], 'RA:': [1584, 1766, 1796], 'Hormonal': [1585], 'acute': [1588], 'counterregulation:': [1589, 3182], 'relative': [1591], 'roles': [1592], 'epinephrine,': [1595], 'cortisol.': [1600], '29:': [1602, 2603], '1165–1175,': [1603], '46': [1605], 'GA,': [1609], 'Walesky': [1612], 'Belous': [1614], 'Effect': [1619, 1797, 2005, 2998], 'oral': [1624], 'tolerance': [1626], 'metabolic': [1629, 1685, 2747, 2914, 2943, 2982], 'fuels': [1630], 'Diabetologia': [1633, 1946, 2573, 2916], '24:': [1634], '155–161,': [1635], '47': [1637], 'increments': [1649], 'cortisol': [1654], 'dog:': [1657], 'model': [1659], 'stress-induced': [1661], '114–123.': [1667], '48': [1668], 'Importance': [1676, 3109], 'raised': [1678], 'levels': [1681, 2012, 2861], 'mediating': [1683], 'derangements': [1686], 'diabetes.': [1688, 2622, 3091, 3189], '310:': [1693, 2187], '810–815,': [1694], '49': [1696], 'Harris': [1702], 'MS:': [1703], 'Relationship': [1704], 'between': [1705], 'level': [1709], '27:': [1718], '787–791,': [1719], '50': [1721], 'Cortisol-induced': [1729], 'resistance': [1731, 2615], 'impaired': [1734, 2150, 2382], 'suppression': [1735], 'stimulation': [1740], 'due': [1744], 'postreceptor': [1747], 'defect': [1748], 'action.': [1751], '54:': [1756, 2459, 2815], '131–138,': [1757], '51': [1759], 'Bratush-Marrain': [1760], 'PR,': [1761], 'Smith': [1762, 3107], 'D,': [1763, 1908, 2363, 2649], '55:': [1784], '1648–1658,': [1785], '52': [1787], 'Barrett': [1790], 'EJ,': [1791], 'Bevilacqua': [1792], 'fatty': [1799], 'acids': [1800], '72:': [1811], '1737–1747,': [1812], '53': [1814], 'Ungaro': [1821], 'B,': [1822, 2335, 2742, 2792], 'Mechanisms': [1826], 'epinephrine-induced': [1828], 'intolerance': [1830], '69:': [1837], '284–293,': [1838], '54': [1840], 'Wahren': [1847], 'P.:': [1851, 2702], 'hyperinsulinemia,': [1854], 'hyperglycemia,': [1855], 'route': [1858], 'administration': [1861], 'splanchnic': [1863], 'exchange.': [1865], 'Proc': [1866], 'Natl': [1867], 'Acad': [1868], 'USA': [1870], '5173–5177,': [1872], '55': [1874], 'Potter': [1875], 'Gale': [1879], 'EA,': [1880], 'Dave': [1881], 'SH,': [1882], 'Tattersall': [1884], 'RB:': [1885], 'Insulin-induced': [1886], 'an': [1889, 1897, 2213], 'accident': [1890], 'emergency': [1892], 'department:': [1893], 'tip': [1895], 'iceberg?': [1898], 'Brit': [1899, 1920], '285:': [1901], '1180–1182,': [1902], '56': [1904], 'Barnett': [1905], 'Leslie': [1907], 'Watkins': [1910], 'RJ:': [1911], 'Can': [1912], 'insulin-treated': [1913, 1944], 'diabetics': [1914, 2348], 'be': [1915], 'given': [1916], 'beta-adrenergic': [1917, 2297], 'blocking': [1918], 'drugs?': [1919], '282:': [1923], '976–978,': [1924], '57': [1926], 'Tchobroutsky': [1927], 'Goldgewicht': [1929], 'Papoz': [1931], 'Weissbrod': [1933], 'TP,': [1934], 'Basdevant': [1935], 'Eschwege': [1938], 'E:': [1939], 'Hypoglycemic': [1940], '319': [1943], 'diabetics.': [1945, 2017, 2939, 3014, 3120], '21:': [1947, 2324], '335,': [1948], '58': [1950], 'Goldstein': [1951], 'DE,': [1952], 'England': [1953], 'Hess': [1956], 'prospective': [1959], 'study': [1960], 'patients.': [1967], '4:': [1970], '601–605,': [1971], '59': [1973], 'Caspari': [1974], 'AF,': [1975], 'Ewing': [1977], 'LD:': [1978], 'Severe': [1979], 'patients:': [1983, 2102, 2911], 'frequence,': [1984], 'causes': [1985], 'prevention.': [1986], '141–145,': [1990], '60': [1992], 'Lauritzen': [1993], 'T,': [1994, 2370, 2736, 2790, 2962], 'Frost-Larsen': [1995], 'Larsen': [1997], 'H-W,': [1998], 'Deckert': [2000], 'T:': [2001], 'Steno': [2002], 'Study': [2003, 2026], 'Group.': [2004, 2027, 2054], 'year': [2008], 'near-normal': [2009], 'retinopathy': [2014, 2036], 'Lancet': [2018, 2529, 2845], '1:': [2019, 2079, 2846], '200–204,': [2020], '61': [2022], 'Kroc': [2024], 'Collaborative': [2025], 'evolution': [2033], 'albuminuria.': [2038], 'preliminary': [2040], 'multicenter': [2041], 'trial.': [2042], '311:': [2047], '365–372,': [2048], '62': [2050], 'DCCT': [2052], 'Results': [2055], 'feasibility': [2058], 'phase': [2059], 'Control': [2063], 'Complications': [2065], 'Trial': [2066], '(DCCT):': [2067], 'glycemic': [2068, 3153], 'control,': [2069], 'follow-up': [2070], 'complications': [2072], 'therapy.': [2074, 2114, 2572, 2672], '1986;': [2076], 'Suppl': [2078], '3A.': [2080], '63': [2081], 'Tang': [2082], 'Fui': [2083], 'SN,': [2084], 'Pickup': [2085, 2991], 'JC,': [2086, 2992], 'Bending': [2087], 'JJ,': [2088], 'Collings': [2089], 'ACT,': [2090], 'Keen': [2091, 2996], 'Dalton': [2094], 'N.:': [2095], 'comparison': [2104], 'injection': [2113], '9:': [2117], '221–227,': [2118], '64': [2120], 'Cartechinin': [2127], 'Interaction': [2145], 'antibodies': [2148], 'secretion.': [2152], '65': [2157], 'GB,': [2159, 2163], 'Dimitriadis': [2160], 'GD,': [2161], 'Pehling': [2162], 'Baker': [2164], 'BA,': [2165], '1706–1711,': [2188], '66': [2190], 'Langloisd': [2193], 'Noacco': [2195], 'Karam': [2197], 'Forsham': [2200], 'PH:': [2201], 'Lack': [2202, 2416, 2553], 'diabetes:': [2210, 2390, 3028], 'evidence': [2211], 'intrinsic': [2214], 'alpha-cell': [2216, 2232], 'defect.': [2217], '182:': [2219], '171–173,': [2220], '67': [2222], 'Wise': [2223], 'JK,': [2224], 'Evaluation': [2230, 2491], 'function': [2233, 2267, 2316, 2718], 'alanine': [2237], 'normal,': [2239], 'obese': [2242], 'subjects.': [2243, 2272], '288:': [2248], '487–490,': [2249], '68': [2251], 'Unger': [2252, 2306, 3023], 'RH,': [2253], 'Aquilar': [2254], 'Parada': [2255], 'Muller': [2257, 2311], 'WA,': [2258], 'Eisentraut': [2260], 'AM.:': [2261], 'Studies': [2262], 'alpha': [2265, 2314], 'cell': [2266, 2315, 2717], '49:': [2276], '837–848,': [2277], '1970.': [2278], '69': [2279], 'Robertson': [2280], 'RP,': [2281, 2412], 'Porte': [2283], 'DP:': [2284], 'receptor:': [2287], 'mellitus': [2293], 'distinct': [2294], 'receptor.': [2298], '870–876,': [2303], '70': [2305], 'Madison': [2308], 'LL,': [2309], 'WE:': [2312], 'mellitus:': [2319, 2713], 'insulin.': [2322], '301–307,': [2325], '71': [2327], 'Adamson': [2328], 'U,': [2329], 'Lins': [2330], 'Efendic': [2332], 'Hamberger': [2334], 'Wajngot': [2337], 'group': [2345], 'recurrent': [2350], 'severe': [2353], 'Acta': [2355], 'Scand': [2357], '215–222,': [2359], '72': [2361], 'Guigliano': [2362], 'Giannetti': [2364], 'Di': [2366], 'Pnto': [2367], 'Cerciello': [2369], 'Ceriello': [2371], "D'Onofrio": [2374], 'F:': [2375], 'Normalisation': [2376], 'sodium': [2378], 'salicylate': [2379], 'endogenous': [2395], 'prostaglandins': [2396], 'D.': [2397], '521–525,': [2400], '73': [2402], 'Maher': [2403], 'TD,': [2404], 'Tanenberg': [2405], 'RJ,': [2406, 2435, 2994], 'Greenberg': [2407], 'BZ,': [2408], 'Hoffman': [2409], 'Doe': [2411], 'Goetz': [2414], 'PC:': [2415], '196–200,': [2429], '74': [2431], 'Walter': [2432], 'RM,': [2433], 'Dudl': [2434], 'Palmer': [2436, 2463, 2482], 'JP,': [2437, 2464], 'Ensinck': [2439, 2489], 'JW.:': [2440], 'blockade': [2445], 'starvation': [2451], '1214–1220,': [2460], '75': [2462], 'Ensick': [2466], 'JW:': [2467], 'Glucagon': [2468], 'sympathectomised': [2473], '324A,': [2479], '76': [2481], 'Werner': [2484], 'Hollander': [2486], 'parasympathethic': [2500], '543–552,': [2507], '77': [2509], 'Bloom': [2510], 'SR,': [2511, 2960], 'Vaughan': [2512], 'NJA,': [2513], 'Russell': [2515], 'RCG:': [2516], 'Truncal': [2517], 'vagotomy': [2518], 'delays': [2519], 'diminishes': [2521], 'hypoglycaemia': [2526], 'normals.': [2528], '2:': [2530, 2917], '546–549,': [2531], '78': [2533], 'Calabrese': [2536], 'Zaga': [2542], 'Type': [2562, 2710, 2774, 2868, 2907, 3089, 3159], 'I': [2563, 2662, 2711, 2775, 2869, 2908, 3090, 3160], '(insulin-dependent)': [2564, 2909], 'diabetics:': [2565, 2596], 'absence': [2566], 'prolonged': [2570], '100–105,': [2575], '79': [2577], 'Altered': [2585], 'responsiveness': [2586], 'cortisol,': [2588], 'insulin-infused': [2593], 'juvenile': [2594], 'onset': [2595], 'instability.': [2601], '284–291,': [2604], '80': [2606], 'D.:': [2613], 'is': [2616], 'prominent': [2618], 'feature': [2619], '795–801,': [2625], '81': [2627], 'Kleinbaum': [2628], 'Shammon': [2631], '493–498,': [2643], '82': [2645], 'Skor': [2648, 3042], 'Bier': [2652], 'DM,': [2653], 'Identification': [2659], 'type': [2661], 'at': [2665], 'increased': [2666], 'risk': [2667, 3184], 'intensive': [2671, 3054], '308:': [2677], '485–491,': [2678], '83': [2680], 'de': [2687], 'Cosmo': [2688], 'Motolese': [2698], 'contribution': [2705], 'dependency': [2714], 'mediation': [2720], 'through': [2721], 'beta': [2722, 3010], 'receptors.': [2725], '887–893,': [2728], '84': [2730], 'Hilstead': [2731], 'Madsbad': [2733, 2787], 'Krarup': [2735], 'Sestoft': [2737, 2795], 'Christensen': [2739], 'NJ,': [2740], 'Tronier': [2741, 2791], 'Galbo': [2744, 2793], 'Hormonal,': [2746], 'cardiovascular': [2749], '626–633,': [2759], '85': [2761], 'Hirsh': [2762], 'BR,': [2763], 'Defective': [2767, 3049, 3206], 'stimulus': [2778], 'specific.': [2779], '36:': [2781], '20–26,': [2782], '86': [2784], 'Hilsted': [2785], 'Karaup': [2789], 'TW:': [2799], 'No': [2800], '815–819,': [2816], '87': [2818], 'Genel': [2821, 2927], 'Restoration': [2828], 'lipid': [2831, 2858], 'treated': [2839], 'portable': [2842], 'pump.': [2844], '1258–1261,': [2847], '88': [2849], 'Dunn': [2850], 'Pietri': [2852], 'Raskin': [2855], 'lipoprotein': [2860], 'Int': [2873, 3093], '95:': [2875], '426–431,': [2876], '89': [2878], 'Lopes-Virella': [2879], 'Sherer': [2881], 'Lees': [2883], 'Wohlman': [2885], 'Mayfield': [2887], 'Sagel': [2889], 'Surface': [2893], 'binding,': [2894], 'internalization': [2895], 'degradation': [2897], 'cultured': [2899], 'fibroblasts': [2901], 'low': [2903], 'density': [2904], 'lipoproteins': [2905], 'isolated': [2906], 'changes': [2912], 'control.': [2915, 2983], '430–436,': [2918], '90': [2920], 'Hintz': [2923], 'Bergman': [2925], 'pump': [2936], 'treatment': [2937], 'improved': [2942, 2981], 'upon': [2945], 'somatomedin': [2947], 'levels.': [2948], '305:': [2953], '303–307,': [2954], '91': [2956], 'Waltman': [2959], 'Krupin': [2961], 'Reversal': [2966], 'abnormalities': [2968], 'ocular': [2970], 'fluorometry': [2971], 'five': [2976], 'nine': [2978], 'months': [2979], '80–85,': [2986], '92': [2988], 'Viberti': [2989], 'GC,': [2990], 'Jarrett': [2993], 'urinary': [3005], 'excretion': [3006], 'albumin': [3008], 'microglobulin': [3011], '300:': [3019], '638–641,': [3020], '93': [3022], 'RH:': [3024], 'Meticulous': [3025], 'benefits,': [3029], 'risks': [3030], 'precautions.': [3032], '479–483,': [3035], '94': [3037], 'DA,': [3043], 'limits': [3052], 'therapy': [3055, 3078, 3177], 'E215–E220,': [3064], '95': [3066], 'Intensive': [3076, 3175], 'reduces': [3079], '103:': [3095], '184–190,': [3096], '96': [3098], 'Lager': [3099], 'Blohme': [3101], 'von': [3103], 'Schenck': [3104], 'U:': [3108], '771–775,': [3123], '97': [3125], 'deCosmo': [3130], 'Perriello': [3132], 'MR,': [3137], 'long-term': [3147], 'optimization': [3148], 'short-term': [3150], 'deterioration': [3151], '33:': [3164], '394–400,': [3165], '98': [3167], 'lowers': [3178], '4A,': [3194], '99': [3196], 'strict': [3210], '316:': [3220], '1376–1383,': [3221], 'Citing': [3223], 'Literature': [3224], 'Volume4,': [3225], 'Issue1February': [3226], '1988Pages': [3227], 'ReferencesRelatedInformation': [3229]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1990813387', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-07T19:31:10.877965', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}
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