Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1987353098', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/iub.119', 'title': 'How I became a biochemist', 'display_name': 'How I became a biochemist', 'publication_year': 2008, 'publication_date': '2008-07-22', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1987353098', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/iub.119', 'mag': '1987353098'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/iub.119', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/iub.119', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S203723150', 'display_name': 'IUBMB Life', 'issn_l': '1521-6543', 'issn': ['1521-6543', '1521-6551'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'bronze', 'oa_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/iub.119', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5044178319', 'display_name': 'Naoyuki Taniguchi', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5889-5968'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I4210128938', 'display_name': 'RIKEN Advanced Science Institute', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/030vbmf58', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'facility', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I4210110652', 'https://openalex.org/I4210128938']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Naoyuki Taniguchi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Disease Glycomics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Suita, Osaka, Japan', 'Systems Glycobiology Research Group, Advanced Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Disease Glycomics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Suita, Osaka, Japan', 'institution_ids': []}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Systems Glycobiology Research Group, Advanced Science Institute, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210128938']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5044178319'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I4210128938'], 'apc_list': {'value': 4020, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 4020, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.131, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'pdf', 'cited_by_count': 1, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.399091, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 63, 'max': 70}, 'biblio': {'volume': '60', 'issue': '10', 'first_page': '703', 'last_page': '705'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10602', 'display_name': 'Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research', 'score': 0.9985, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10602', 'display_name': 'Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research', 'score': 0.9985, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1312', 'display_name': 'Molecular Biology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12770', 'display_name': 'Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism', 'score': 0.9969, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1303', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12996', 'display_name': 'Cancer Research and Treatments', 'score': 0.9874, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1305', 'display_name': 'Biotechnology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/13', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemist', 'display_name': 'Biochemist', 'score': 0.9891907}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2910507520', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2919046', 'display_name': 'Biochemist', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.9891907}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.35702485}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95457728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309', 'display_name': 'History', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.21672836}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74916050', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090', 'display_name': 'Classics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.20024762}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/iub.119', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/iub.119', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S203723150', 'display_name': 'IUBMB Life', 'issn_l': '1521-6543', 'issn': ['1521-6543', '1521-6551'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/iub.119', 'pdf_url': 'https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/iub.119', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S203723150', 'display_name': 'IUBMB Life', 'issn_l': '1521-6543', 'issn': ['1521-6543', '1521-6551'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'publishedVersion', 'is_accepted': True, 'is_published': True}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.4, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15', 'display_name': 'Life on land'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 6, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1511386761', 'https://openalex.org/W1518284854', 'https://openalex.org/W1978029329', 'https://openalex.org/W1982041178', 'https://openalex.org/W1996872045', 'https://openalex.org/W2087925394'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4300904438', 'https://openalex.org/W4299159512', 'https://openalex.org/W4210418849', 'https://openalex.org/W2979636927', 'https://openalex.org/W2899084033', 'https://openalex.org/W2748952813', 'https://openalex.org/W2416575204', 'https://openalex.org/W2395144853', 'https://openalex.org/W1565803344', 'https://openalex.org/W1521633495'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'When': [0], 'we': [1, 10, 24, 1043, 1052, 1402, 1444, 1556, 1588, 1669, 1719], 'look': [2], 'at': [3, 171, 227, 396, 450, 548, 577, 893, 965, 976, 992, 1000, 1280, 1887, 1920], 'the': [4, 51, 61, 84, 91, 106, 128, 179, 209, 215, 224, 233, 243, 262, 269, 290, 296, 301, 303, 311, 321, 325, 344, 352, 366, 374, 397, 406, 419, 433, 443, 461, 498, 527, 549, 558, 569, 578, 584, 622, 630, 663, 680, 732, 746, 759, 768, 855, 875, 882, 902, 914, 923, 933, 982, 985, 988, 993, 1001, 1007, 1016, 1034, 1047, 1060, 1105, 1136, 1147, 1162, 1178, 1201, 1227, 1238, 1252, 1297, 1334, 1347, 1376, 1441, 1459, 1486, 1500, 1503, 1520, 1533, 1540, 1546, 1575, 1632, 1644, 1654, 1671, 1675, 1716, 1725, 1777, 1830, 1833, 1843, 1868, 1892, 1898, 1921, 1945, 1979, 2003, 2032, 2075], 'sky': [5], 'on': [6, 275, 287, 490, 618, 644, 690, 731, 795, 801, 866, 1277, 1321, 1356, 1394], 'a': [7, 13, 27, 71, 99, 102, 173, 182, 272, 314, 338, 361, 458, 495, 698, 741, 809, 825, 858, 927, 977, 1080, 1219, 1248, 1261, 1383, 1472, 1512, 1571, 1579, 1665, 1729, 1741, 1769, 1853, 1863, 2020, 2106], 'clear': [8], 'night,': [9], 'can': [11, 1807], 'see': [12], 'few': [14], 'thousand': [15], 'individual': [16], 'stars': [17, 59, 1714], 'with': [18, 137, 337, 379, 457, 529, 789, 864, 1165, 1397, 1429, 1570, 1624, 1799, 1823, 1965], 'our': [19, 1056, 1405, 2081], 'naked': [20], 'eyes.': [21], 'Among': [22], 'them,': [23], 'may': [25, 198, 1733, 1861], 'identify': [26, 57], 'star': [28, 1711], 'of': [29, 86, 93, 108, 130, 134, 156, 181, 240, 264, 268, 292, 313, 327, 354, 369, 410, 478, 505, 571, 625, 668, 679, 682, 734, 748, 753, 762, 778, 821, 886, 916, 922, 935, 956, 969, 1018, 1036, 1049, 1085, 1095, 1138, 1151, 1177, 1180, 1203, 1242, 1254, 1301, 1346, 1375, 1378, 1439, 1476, 1478, 1489, 1502, 1505, 1516, 1581, 1583, 1618, 1634, 1658, 1673, 1678, 1728, 1743, 1772, 1779, 1791, 1814, 1829, 1836, 1867, 1900, 1906, 1923, 1967, 1975, 2062, 2077], 'interest.': [30], 'An': [31], 'enzyme,': [32, 1038], 'γ-glutamyl': [33, 961, 1019, 1077, 1395], 'transpeptidase': [34, 962, 1078, 1396], '(1),': [35], 'could': [36, 56, 1390, 1692], 'help': [37], 'me': [38, 470, 634, 654, 1075, 1187], 'combine': [39], 'my': [40, 95, 202, 541, 546, 575, 670, 887, 1134, 1208, 1325, 1392, 1524, 1625, 1940, 1995, 2059, 2063, 2078, 2089, 2101], 'disparate': [41], 'research': [42, 194, 730, 1303, 1406, 2064], 'interests,': [43], 'that': [44, 63, 533, 560, 591, 727, 894, 899, 930, 960, 1076, 1281, 1443, 1682, 1723, 1788, 1820, 1849], 'is,': [45, 64], 'glutathione': [46, 903, 938, 989, 1008, 1278, 1322, 1409], 'metabolism': [47, 620, 939, 1279], 'and': [48, 118, 149, 192, 212, 214, 230, 309, 329, 336, 377, 408, 500, 597, 646, 677, 684, 750, 798, 836, 861, 871, 880, 896, 904, 973, 997, 1027, 1073, 1101, 1113, 1119, 1123, 1127, 1157, 1175, 1182, 1194, 1217, 1283, 1305, 1316, 1344, 1361, 1401, 1418, 1424, 1474, 1492, 1514, 1598, 1606, 1610, 1648, 1661, 1754, 1797, 1805, 1832, 1859, 1874, 1935, 1961, 1992, 2052, 2080, 2095, 2098], 'glycoproteins.': [49, 76], 'Using': [50], 'functional': [52, 1616, 1641, 1666], 'glycomics': [53, 1642, 1667], 'approach': [54, 1668, 1876], 'I': [55, 77, 115, 205, 222, 346, 388, 413, 429, 446, 481, 502, 524, 534, 544, 555, 581, 588, 593, 602, 659, 728, 739, 765, 799, 813, 862, 897, 900, 925, 958, 1088, 1103, 1246, 1284, 1329, 1389, 1469, 1484, 1529, 1627, 1857, 1895, 1909, 1936, 1982, 2044], '"individual': [58], 'in': [60, 80, 101, 105, 132, 160, 168, 196, 201, 218, 236, 255, 351, 418, 460, 497, 508, 552, 599, 621, 629, 649, 711, 737, 756, 804, 937, 942, 984, 1006, 1099, 1131, 1149, 1191, 1200, 1226, 1237, 1293, 1359, 1415, 1545, 1631, 1715, 1745, 1748, 1793, 1852, 1869, 1950, 1978, 1994, 2019, 2108], 'universe,"': [62], 'target': [65, 1676, 1698, 1755, 1812, 1834], 'protein(s)': [66, 1677], 'to': [67, 98, 188, 295, 300, 348, 364, 381, 391, 404, 415, 431, 455, 464, 557, 595, 608, 635, 661, 713, 744, 767, 773, 787, 815, 842, 845, 854, 877, 932, 981, 1012, 1015, 1040, 1054, 1071, 1133, 1250, 1287, 1290, 1327, 1332, 1410, 1454, 1531, 1560, 1639, 1663, 1735, 1740, 1782, 1841, 1891, 1912, 1985, 2034, 2039, 2047, 2058, 2088, 2100], 'which': [68, 948, 1021, 1538, 1757, 1775], 'glycosyltransferase(s)': [69], 'add': [70], 'specific': [72, 1854], 'glycan': [73, 1543, 1881], 'among': [74, 1700, 1712], 'various': [75, 1108, 1125, 1143, 1591, 1604, 1613, 1649, 1736, 1746], 'was': [78, 166, 206, 253, 389, 564, 589, 616, 642, 719, 808, 890, 1010, 1269, 1285, 1330, 1365, 1382, 1452, 1470, 1839, 1910], 'born': [79], 'Tokyo': [81], 'just': [82, 1706], 'before': [83], 'end': [85], 'World': [87, 1234], 'War': [88, 1235], '2.': [89], 'At': [90, 1681], 'age': [92, 1888], 'three,': [94], 'family': [96], 'moved': [97], 'farm': [100], 'village': [103], 'located': [104, 186], 'suburbs': [107], 'Sapporo,': [109, 816], 'Hokkaido,': [110], "Japan's": [111], 'northernmost': [112], 'main': [113], 'island.': [114], 'grew': [116], 'up': [117, 1694], 'lived': [119], 'there': [120, 1809, 1860, 2022], 'until': [121], '1986.': [122], 'Hokkaido': [123, 228, 241, 250, 328, 330, 664, 1214, 1337], 'is': [124, 178, 1079, 1705, 1785, 1877, 2023, 2029, 2086], 'quite': [125], 'distinct': [126], 'from': [127, 261, 385, 423, 526, 873, 1107, 1142, 1213, 1408, 1446, 1462, 1562, 1603, 1897, 2002], 'rest': [129], 'Japan': [131, 1328], 'terms': [133, 1150], 'physical': [135], 'geography': [136], 'its': [138], 'striking': [139], 'natural': [140, 210], 'beauty:': [141], 'virgin': [142], 'forests,': [143], 'fertile': [144], 'plains,': [145], 'volcanos,': [146], 'caldera': [147, 184], 'lakes,': [148], 'meandering': [150, 1962], 'rivers.': [151], 'The': [152, 163, 238, 884, 1004, 1998, 2027], 'Olympic': [153], 'Winter': [154], 'Games': [155], '1972': [157], 'were': [158, 840, 1044, 1145], 'held': [159, 167], 'Sapporo': [161, 244, 626], 'city.': [162], 'G8': [164], 'Summit': [165], 'July': [169], '2008': [170], 'Toyako,': [172], 'balmy': [174], 'resort': [175], 'area.': [176], 'Toyako': [177], 'name': [180], 'beautiful': [183], 'lake': [185], 'close': [187], 'Sapporo.': [189], 'My': [190, 612, 638, 780, 1954, 2066], 'broad': [191], 'diverse': [193], 'interests': [195], 'biochemistry': [197], 'have': [199, 319, 333, 392, 605, 1986, 2071], 'arisen': [200], 'youth': [203], 'when': [204], 'fascinated': [207], 'by': [208, 278, 486, 521, 849, 1046, 1058, 1339, 1565, 1653], 'environment': [211], 'beauty,': [213], 'open': [216, 400], 'skies': [217], 'Hokkaido.': [219], 'In': [220, 343, 657, 758, 911, 1169, 1244, 1427, 1467, 1578, 1622, 1884], '1961,': [221], 'entered': [223, 232], 'premedical': [225], 'course': [226, 700], 'University': [229, 263, 550, 579, 665, 772, 1216, 1257, 1377, 1434, 1438, 1481, 1903], 'then': [231, 971, 1195, 1611, 1662], 'medical': [234, 402, 424, 466, 562], 'school': [235, 764], '1963.': [237], 'predecessor': [239], 'University,': [242, 331, 651, 823, 1338, 1934], 'Agricultural': [245], 'College': [246, 628, 1259], '(later': [247, 838], 'also': [248, 652, 1366, 1762, 1943, 2099], 'named': [249], 'Imperial': [251, 1215], 'University),': [252], 'founded': [254], '1876.': [256], 'Dr.': [257, 487, 522, 673, 782, 790, 817, 850, 917, 1063, 1171, 1340, 1370, 1380, 1398, 1430, 1493, 1526], 'William': [258], 'Smith': [259], 'Clark': [260], 'Massachusetts,': [265], 'Amherst,': [266], 'one': [267, 1695, 1710, 1806, 2025], 'founders,': [270], 'had': [271, 393, 430, 482, 740, 1247, 1987], 'great': [273], 'influence': [274], 'his': [276, 293, 506, 1192, 1223, 1294, 1302, 1387], 'students': [277, 302, 403], 'teaching': [279], 'academic': [280], 'subjects': [281], 'as': [282, 284, 694, 704, 857, 1260, 1310, 1511, 1536, 1594, 1856, 1915, 1963], 'well': [283, 1786], 'ethics': [285], 'based': [286], 'Christianity.': [288], 'On': [289, 1324], 'day': [291], 'departure': [294], 'USA,': [297], 'he': [298, 725], 'gave': [299, 494, 653], 'famous': [304, 826], 'phrase': [305], '"Boys,': [306], 'be': [307, 843, 1013, 1288, 1842, 1862, 1913], 'ambitious"': [308], 'emphasized': [310, 1670], 'importance': [312, 1672], 'frontier': [315], 'spirit.': [316], 'These': [317], 'words': [318], 'remained': [320], '"motto"': [322], 'for': [323, 401, 437, 567, 701, 722, 1082, 1519, 1574, 1879, 1930, 2013, 2054], 'both': [324], 'people': [326], 'who': [332, 615, 641, 785, 829, 1211, 1319, 1351, 1971, 2103], 'been': [334, 1958, 2072], 'open-minded': [335], 'pioneering': [339], 'spirit': [340], 'ever': [341], 'since.': [342], 'summer,': [345], 'used': [347, 786], 'spend': [349, 1291, 1973], 'time': [350, 607, 1292], 'Department': [353, 624, 681, 1179, 1202, 1253, 1477, 1899, 1922], 'Biochemistry': [355, 1349], 'conducting': [356], 'small': [357], 'biochemical': [358, 411, 716], 'experiments': [359], 'using': [360, 1566, 1584, 1643], 'Warburg': [362], 'manometer': [363], 'measure': [365, 382], 'oxygen': [367], 'consumption': [368], 'rat': [370, 1563], 'liver': [371, 1464], 'slices': [372], 'or': [373, 1091, 1696, 2018, 2038], 'micro-Kjheldahl': [375], 'method': [376], 'titration': [378], 'phenolphthalein': [380], 'ammonia': [383], 'generated': [384], 'protein': [386, 827, 1835], 'nitrogen.': [387], 'fortunate': [390, 1286, 1911, 1984], 'these': [394, 839], 'experiences': [395], 'laboratory': [398], 'benches': [399], 'learn': [405, 465, 774], 'precision': [407], 'reproducibility': [409], 'experiments.': [412], 'wanted': [414], 'practice': [416, 710, 714], 'medicine': [417], 'USA': [420, 596], 'after': [421, 954], 'graduation': [422], 'school.': [425], 'To': [426], 'do': [427, 729], 'so,': [428], 'take': [432, 1664], 'ECFMC': [434], '(English': [435], 'Commission': [436], 'Foreign': [438], 'Medical': [439, 627, 1258, 1482], 'Graduate)': [440], 'examination.': [441, 586], 'During': [442], 'spring': [444], 'vacation,': [445], 'spent': [447], '2': [448, 1236], 'weeks': [449, 953], 'an': [451, 484, 600, 685, 966, 1066, 1159, 1188, 1196, 1353, 1367, 1496, 1567, 1916], 'American': [452], 'military': [453], 'base': [454], 'talk': [456], 'physician': [459], 'out-patient': [462], 'clinic': [463], 'English.': [467], 'He': [468, 493, 696, 1206, 1221, 1271], 'asked': [469, 1331, 1686], 'several': [471], 'questions': [472], 'about': [473, 517, 2031], 'cholesterol': [474, 491, 518], 'metabolism.': [475, 1323], 'A': [476, 1872], 'couple': [477, 1580], 'months': [479], 'ago': [480], 'read': [483, 503], 'article': [485], 'Konrad': [488], 'Bloch': [489], 'biosynthesis.': [492], 'lecture': [496], 'university': [499, 1893], 'therefore': [501], 'some': [504, 1684], 'papers': [507, 1276, 1630], 'advance.': [509], 'But': [510], 'this': [511, 530, 1037, 1490, 1517], 'young': [512, 531], 'doctor': [513, 532], 'knew': [514, 1207], 'almost': [515], 'everything': [516], 'biosynthesis': [519], 'reported': [520, 1766, 1819], 'Bloch.': [523], 'realized': [525], 'conversations': [528], 'needed': [535], 'more': [536, 775], 'basic': [537, 561, 610, 715, 776], 'knowledge.': [538], 'After': [539, 812], 'receiving': [540], 'M.D.': [542], 'degree,': [543], 'started': [545, 1530, 1638], 'internship': [547, 576, 601], 'Hospital': [551], 'April': [553], '1967.': [554], 'came': [556, 853, 1070], 'conclusion': [559], 'knowledge': [563], 'very': [565, 720, 1959], 'important': [566, 1878], 'understanding': [568, 1880], 'mechanisms': [570], 'diseases.': [572], 'While': [573], 'doing': [574], 'Hospital,': [580], 'successfully': [582, 1557, 1589], 'passed': [583, 1231], 'ECFMG': [585], 'However,': [587, 1130, 1718, 1908], 'aware': [590], 'if': [592, 1690], 'went': [594, 766], 'engaged': [598], 'would': [603, 1688, 2045, 2069], 'probably': [604, 1763], 'no': [606], 'study': [609, 636, 745], 'science.': [611], 'fiancée,': [613], 'Masako,': [614], 'working': [617, 643, 689], 'phospholipid': [619], 'Chemistry': [623], 'same': [631, 1148, 1228, 1980, 2028], 'city,': [632], 'encouraged': [633], 'biochemistry.': [637], 'brother,': [639], 'Kazuya,': [640], 'Na+': [645], 'K+': [647], 'ATPase': [648], 'Osaka': [650, 771, 1480, 1507, 1902, 1933], 'excellent': [655, 1275, 1354, 1990, 2036], 'advice.': [656], '1968,': [658], 'decided': [660, 1053], 'enter': [662], 'Graduate': [666, 1904], 'School': [667, 1905], 'Medicine,': [669, 1184], 'mentor': [671, 1364], 'being': [672, 1161], 'Hidematsu': [674, 2096], 'Hirai,': [675, 2097], 'professor': [676, 921, 1174, 1198, 1264, 1343, 1373, 1436, 1473, 1513, 1919], 'chair': [678, 1176, 1345, 1475, 1488, 1501, 1515, 1918], 'Biochemistry,': [683, 1255, 1479, 1901], 'eminent': [686, 1067, 1368, 1497], 'cancer': [687, 1068], 'biochemist': [688], 'oncofetal': [691], 'proteins': [692, 833, 1699, 1792, 1813], 'such': [693, 1309, 1593], 'α-fetoprotein.': [695], 'planned': [697], 'three-month': [699], 'freshmen': [702], 'designated': [703, 1535], 'Uebung': [705, 718], '(a': [706], 'German': [707], 'word': [708], 'meaning': [709], 'English)': [712], 'techniques.': [717], 'helpful': [721], 'me.': [723], 'Then': [724], 'suggested': [726], 'chemistry': [733, 747], 'sulfhydryl': [735, 754], 'groups': [736, 755], 'proteins.': [738, 757], 'good': [742, 1770], 'chance': [743, 1249], 'sulfur': [749], 'quantitative': [751], 'analysis': [752], '3rd': [760], 'grade': [761], 'graduate': [763], 'Protein': [769], 'Institute,': [770, 1336, 1509], 'techniques': [777], 'enzymology.': [779], 'mentor,': [781], 'Takekazu': [783], 'Horio,': [784], 'work': [788, 1355, 1393], 'Martin': [791], 'D.': [792], 'Karmen,': [793], 'UCSD,': [794], 'bacterial': [796], 'photosynthesis,': [797], 'worked': [800, 863, 1320], 'hexokinase': [802], 'isozymes': [803, 870], 'tumor': [805, 1422], 'tissues.': [806], 'It': [807, 1784], 'remarkable': [810], 'experience.': [811], 'returned': [814], 'Harold': [818], 'F.': [819], 'Deutsch': [820], 'Wisconsin': [822], 'Madison,': [824], 'chemist': [828], 'purified': [830, 1104, 1141, 1445, 1461, 1558, 1590], 'many': [831, 1274, 1307, 1629, 1811, 1989], 'human': [832], 'including': [834, 1110], 'hepatocupurein': [835], 'erythrocuprein': [837], 'found': [841, 959, 1011, 1413, 1453, 1544, 1840], 'identical': [844], 'Cu,': [846], 'Zn-superoxide': [847], 'dismutase': [848], 'Irvin': [851], 'Fridovich),': [852], 'department': [856, 1193, 1229, 1295, 1518], 'visiting': [859, 1262], 'professor,': [860], 'him': [865, 874], 'erythrocyte': [867], 'carbonic': [868], 'anhydrase': [869], 'learned': [872], 'ways': [876], 'identify,': [878], 'purify,': [879], 'crystallize': [881], 'enzymes.': [883, 1426], 'subject': [885], 'doctoral': [888], 'thesis': [889], 'not': [891, 1092, 2070], 'finalized': [892], 'time,': [895, 1282, 1683], 'proposed': [898], 'analyze': [901], 'glutathione-related': [905], 'enzyme': [906, 986, 1061, 1442, 1460, 1534, 1576], 'levels': [907], 'during': [908, 940, 1233, 1296], 'azo-dye-induced': [909], 'hepatocarcinogenesis.': [910], '1970,': [912], 'under': [913], 'guidance': [915], 'Hiroyuki': [918], 'Tsukada,': [919], 'associate': [920, 1197, 1263], 'department,': [924, 1491], 'initiated': [926], 'new': [928, 2041], 'project': [929], 'led': [931], 'demonstration': [934], 'changes': [936, 1035, 1358, 1617, 1738, 1751], 'hepatocarcinogenesis': [941], 'rats': [943], 'fed': [944], '0.06%': [945], '4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene': [946], '(DAB),': [947], 'developed': [949, 1827], 'primary': [950, 1086], 'hepatomas': [951], '20': [952], 'feeding': [955], 'azo-dye.': [957], 'activity': [963, 1017], 'increased': [964, 975], 'early': [967, 994], 'stage': [968], 'hepatocarcinogenesis,': [970], 'decreased,': [972], 'again': [974, 998], 'later': [978, 1002], 'stage.': [979, 1003], 'Contrary': [980], 'change': [983, 1005], 'activity,': [987], 'level': [990, 1009], 'decreased': [991, 999], 'stage,': [995], 'increased,': [996], 'due': [1014, 1739], 'transpeptidase,': [1020], 'degrades': [1022], 'glutathione.': [1023], 'Drs.': [1024, 1311, 2092], 'Sylvio': [1025], 'Fiala': [1026], 'Anna': [1028], 'E': [1029], 'Fiala,': [1030], 'however,': [1031, 1818], 'independently': [1032], 'discovered': [1033], 'similar': [1039, 1585], 'ours.': [1041], 'Although': [1042, 1550], 'disappointed': [1045], 'news': [1048], 'their': [1050, 1608, 1976, 2055], 'findings,': [1051], 'continue': [1055], 'studies': [1057], 'purifying': [1059], 'because': [1062], 'Emanuel': [1064], 'Farber,': [1065], 'pathologist': [1069], 'visit': [1072], 'taught': [1074], 'marker': [1081], 'preneoplastic': [1083], 'lesions': [1084], 'hepatoma.': [1087], 'wondered': [1089], 'whether': [1090], 'tumor-specific': [1093], 'isoforms': [1094], 'γ-glutamyltranspeptidase': [1096], 'might': [1097], 'occur': [1098], 'hepatocarcinomas': [1100], 'so': [1102, 1273, 1988], 'enzymes': [1106, 1140, 1423], 'tissues': [1109], 'normal': [1111, 1425, 1463], 'adult': [1112], 'fetal': [1114], 'livers,': [1115], 'kidneys,': [1116], 'ascites': [1117, 1447, 1547], 'hepatomas,': [1118], 'yolk': [1120], 'sack': [1121], 'tumors,': [1122], 'compared': [1124, 1964], 'enzymatic': [1126], 'physicochemical': [1128], 'properties.': [1129], 'contrast': [1132], 'hypothesis,': [1135], 'properties': [1137], 'all': [1139, 1721, 2049], 'sources': [1144], 'essentially': [1146], 'kinetic': [1152], 'properties,': [1153], 'amino': [1154], 'acid': [1155], 'composition,': [1156], 'antigenicity,': [1158], 'exception': [1160], 'charge': [1163], 'heterogeneity': [1164], 'different': [1166], 'sugar': [1167, 1645], 'contents.': [1168], '1973,': [1170], 'Eimatsu': [1172], 'Takakuwa,': [1173], 'Hygiene': [1181], 'Preventive': [1183], 'kindly': [1185], 'offered': [1186], 'assistant': [1189], 'professorship': [1190], 'position': [1199], 'Environmental': [1204], 'Medicine.': [1205, 1907], 'father,': [1209], 'Masahiro,': [1210], 'graduated': [1212], 'became': [1218, 1485], 'pediatrician.': [1220], 'got': [1222], 'PhD': [1224], 'degree': [1225], 'but': [1230, 2024], 'away': [1232], 'southern': [1239], 'Ruzon': [1240], 'island': [1241], 'Philippines.': [1243], '1976,': [1245], 'join': [1251, 1333], 'Cornell': [1256], 'where': [1265], 'Dr': [1266], 'Alton': [1267, 2093], 'Meister': [1268, 2094], 'chair.': [1270], 'published': [1272, 1628], 'able': [1289], 'most': [1298, 1974], 'active': [1299], 'period': [1300, 1521], 'career': [1304, 1977], 'met': [1306], 'colleagues': [1308, 1626, 1993], 'Owen': [1312], 'Griffith,': [1313], 'Mary': [1314], 'Anderson,': [1315], 'Suresh': [1317], 'Tate': [1318], 'return': [1326], 'Cancer': [1335, 1348], 'Akira': [1341, 1431], 'Makita,': [1342], 'Laboratory,': [1350], 'did': [1352, 1465], 'cancer-associated': [1357], 'glycoproteins': [1360, 1798], 'glycolipids.': [1362], 'His': [1363], 'biochemist,': [1369], 'Tamio': [1371], 'Yamakawa,': [1372], 'emeritus': [1374], 'Tokyo.': [1379], 'Makita': [1381], 'wonderful': [1384], 'mentor.': [1385], 'With': [1386, 1523], 'support,': [1388], 'restart': [1391], 'Noriko': [1399], 'Yokosawa': [1400], 'gradually': [1403], 'changed': [1404], 'interest': [1407], 'glycobiology.': [1411], 'We': [1412, 1637, 1765, 1942], 'differences': [1414], 'neutral': [1416], 'sugars': [1417, 1420], 'acidic': [1419], 'between': [1421], 'collaboration': [1428], 'Kobata,': [1432], 'Kobe': [1433], '(now': [1435], 'emeritus,': [1437], 'Tokyo),': [1440], 'hepatoma': [1448, 1548], 'AH': [1449], '66': [1450], 'cells': [1451], 'contain': [1455], 'bisecting': [1456, 1541], 'GlcNAc': [1457, 1542], 'whereas': [1458], 'not.': [1466], '1986,': [1468], 'appointed': [1471, 1914], 'School.': [1483], 'fifth': [1487], 'Osamu': [1494], 'Hayaishi,': [1495], 'scientist,': [1498], 'now': [1499, 1720, 1938], 'board': [1504], 'trustee,': [1506], 'Bioscience': [1508], 'served': [1510], '1961–1963.': [1522], 'colleague,': [1525], 'Atsushi': [1527], 'Nishikawa,': [1528], 'purify': [1532], 'GnT-III,': [1537], 'biosynthesizes': [1539], 'enzyme.': [1549], 'it': [1551, 1559, 2014], 'took': [1552], 'over': [1553, 1789], 'three': [1554], 'years,': [1555], 'homogeneity': [1561], 'kidneys': [1564], 'affinity': [1568], 'column': [1569], 'conjugated': [1572], 'substrate': [1573], '(2).': [1577], 'years': [1582, 2061], 'purification': [1586], 'procedures,': [1587], 'glycosyltransferases': [1592, 1651], 'GnT-V,': [1595], 'GnT-IV': [1596], 'GnT-VI,': [1597], 'α-1,6': [1599], 'fucosyltransferase': [1600], '(Fut': [1601], '8)': [1602], 'tissues,': [1605], 'cloned': [1607, 1650], 'genes,': [1609], 'obtained': [1612], 'data': [1614], 'regarding': [1615], 'glycans': [1619, 1744], '(3,': [1620], '4).': [1621], 'association': [1623], 'Journal': [1633], 'Biological': [1635], 'Chemistry.': [1636], 'pursue': [1640], 'remodeling': [1646], 'technique': [1647], 'supported': [1652], '21st': [1655], 'century': [1656], 'Center': [1657], 'Excellence': [1659], 'Program,': [1660], 'identifying': [1674], 'glycosyltransferase': [1679, 1731], 'genes.': [1680], 'researchers': [1685], '"What': [1687], 'happen': [1689], 'you': [1691], 'pick': [1693], 'two': [1697], 'numerous': [1701, 1713], 'glycosylated': [1702, 1796], 'proteins?"': [1703], 'This': [1704, 1847, 2008, 2084], 'like': [1707, 2046], '"pointing': [1708], 'out': [1709, 1727], 'universe."': [1717], 'recognize': [1722], 'even': [1724], 'knock': [1726], 'certain': [1730], 'gene': [1732, 1826], 'lead': [1734], 'phenotypic': [1737, 1750], 'lack': [1742], 'glycoproteins;': [1747], 'fact,': [1749], 'are': [1752, 1761, 1795, 1802, 1810], 'limited': [1753], 'proteins,': [1756], 'undergo': [1758], 'aberrant': [1759], 'glycosylation,': [1760], 'limited.': [1764], 'Fut': [1767, 1815, 1824, 1837], '8,': [1768], 'example': [1771], 'KO': [1773, 1821], 'mice,': [1774], 'catalyses': [1776], 'addition': [1778], 'core': [1780, 1800], 'fucose': [1781, 1801], 'N-glycans.': [1783], 'known': [1787], '50%': [1790], 'eukaryotes': [1794], 'ubiquitously': [1803], 'distributed,': [1804], 'speculate': [1808], '8.': [1816], 'We,': [1817], 'mice': [1822], '8': [1825, 1838], 'emphysema': [1828], 'lungs': [1831], 'TGR-β': [1844], 'receptor': [1845], '(4).': [1846], 'indicates': [1848], 'glycosylation': [1850], 'occurs': [1851], 'way': [1855], 'expected': [1858], 'complex': [1864], 'underlying': [1865], 'mechanism': [1866], 'vivo': [1870], 'situation.': [1871], 'dynamic': [1873], 'systematic': [1875], 'functions': [1882], '(5).': [1883], 'March': [1885, 2109], '2006': [1886], '63,': [1889], 'according': [1890], 'law,': [1894], 'retired': [1896], 'endowed': [1917], 'Disease': [1924], 'Glycomics': [1925], '(Seikagaku': [1926], 'Corporation),': [1927], 'Research': [1928, 1948], 'Institute': [1929], 'Microbial': [1931], 'Diseases,': [1932], 'am': [1937, 1983], 'continuing': [1939], 'research.': [1941], 'formed': [1944], 'Systems': [1946], 'Glycobiology': [1947], 'Group': [1949], 'RIKEN': [1951], 'Wako,': [1952], 'Japan.': [1953], 'scientific': [1955, 1996, 2067], 'path': [1956], 'has': [1957], 'unusual': [1960], 'those': [1966], 'other': [1968], 'Japanese': [1969, 1999], 'scientists': [1970], 'usually': [1972], 'university.': [1981], 'mentors': [1991, 2037], 'career.': [1997], 'proverb': [2000], 'originating': [2001], 'tea': [2004], 'ceremony': [2005], 'says': [2006], '"ichigoichié."': [2007], 'means': [2009], '"Treasure': [2010], 'every': [2011], 'encounter,': [2012], 'will': [2015, 2104], 'never': [2016], 'recur"': [2017], 'lifetime,': [2021], 'encounter.': [2026], 'true': [2030], 'chances': [2033], 'meet': [2035], 'uncover': [2040], 'experimental': [2042], 'evidence.': [2043], 'acknowledge': [2048], 'mentors,': [2050, 2091], 'colleagues,': [2051], 'coworkers': [2053], 'constant': [2056], 'support': [2057, 2076], '40': [2060], 'path.': [2065], 'efforts': [2068], 'possible': [2073], 'without': [2074], 'wife': [2079], 'four': [2082], 'children.': [2083], 'recollection': [2085], 'dedicated': [2087], 'past': [2090], 'mother': [2102], 'become': [2105], 'centenarian': [2107], '2009.': [2110]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1987353098', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-12-14T00:03:53.024441', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}