Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1987135075', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-4622(90)80028-6', 'title': 'Osmotic flow caused by polyelectrolytes', 'display_name': 'Osmotic flow caused by polyelectrolytes', 'publication_year': 1990, 'publication_date': '1990-08-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1987135075', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-4622(90)80028-6', 'mag': '1987135075', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17056432'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-4622(90)80028-6', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S63395545', 'display_name': 'Biophysical Chemistry', 'issn_l': '0301-4622', 'issn': ['0301-4622', '1873-4200'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5070839090', 'display_name': 'Roderick Williams', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7972-062X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I56590836', 'display_name': 'Monash University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02bfwt286', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I56590836']}], 'countries': ['AU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'R.P.W. Williams', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Biochemistry Department Monash University Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Biochemistry Department Monash University Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I56590836']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5012772296', 'display_name': 'Wayne D. Comper', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I56590836', 'display_name': 'Monash University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02bfwt286', 'country_code': 'AU', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I56590836']}], 'countries': ['AU'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'W.D. Comper', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Biochemistry Department Monash University Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Biochemistry Department Monash University Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I56590836']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3500, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3500, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 4.194, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 22, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.869001, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 86, 'max': 87}, 'biblio': {'volume': '36', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '223', 'last_page': '234'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10197', 'display_name': 'Membrane Separation Technologies', 'score': 0.9982, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2312', 'display_name': 'Water Science and Technology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10197', 'display_name': 'Membrane Separation Technologies', 'score': 0.9982, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2312', 'display_name': 'Water Science and Technology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12274', 'display_name': 'Electrostatics and Colloid Interactions', 'score': 0.9981, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1606', 'display_name': 'Physical and Theoretical Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/16', 'display_name': 'Chemistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10412', 'display_name': 'Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications', 'score': 0.998, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2204', 'display_name': 'Biomedical Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/osmotic-pressure', 'display_name': 'Osmotic pressure', 'score': 0.76898926}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/osmotic-coefficient', 'display_name': 'Osmotic coefficient', 'score': 0.65102947}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/semipermeable-membrane', 'display_name': 'Semipermeable membrane', 'score': 0.554397}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/osmosis', 'display_name': 'Osmosis', 'score': 0.5424247}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/electro-osmosis', 'display_name': 'Electro-osmosis', 'score': 0.47969005}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.8355928}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153356533', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901016', 'display_name': 'Polyelectrolyte', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8095715}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C9603476', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193135', 'display_name': 'Osmotic pressure', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.76898926}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C129396204', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5776102', 'display_name': 'Osmotic coefficient', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.65102947}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C68801617', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162908', 'display_name': 'Electrolyte', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.64912}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41625074', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088', 'display_name': 'Membrane', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.58544284}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107511713', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866317', 'display_name': 'Semipermeable membrane', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.554397}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C150193269', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54237', 'display_name': 'Osmosis', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5424247}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120882062', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28352', 'display_name': 'Permeability (electromagnetism)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5082331}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C195993236', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241065', 'display_name': 'Electro-osmosis', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.47969005}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C43617362', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050', 'display_name': 'Chromatography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.40289193}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42360764', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588', 'display_name': 'Chemical engineering', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.36684844}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C521977710', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163', 'display_name': 'Polymer', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.32754835}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C40250595', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185098', 'display_name': 'Electrophoresis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.16396415}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.110895514}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.09918851}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C17525397', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140', 'display_name': 'Electrode', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0697183}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C147789679', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372', 'display_name': 'Physical chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.06543395}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C127413603', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023', 'display_name': 'Engineering', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-4622(90)80028-6', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S63395545', 'display_name': 'Biophysical Chemistry', 'issn_l': '0301-4622', 'issn': ['0301-4622', '1873-4200'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17056432', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.87, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6', 'display_name': 'Clean water and sanitation'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 24, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W127220886', 'https://openalex.org/W1515651002', 'https://openalex.org/W1964624844', 'https://openalex.org/W1967913744', 'https://openalex.org/W1983832970', 'https://openalex.org/W2003034707', 'https://openalex.org/W2008620775', 'https://openalex.org/W2010391793', 'https://openalex.org/W2033829170', 'https://openalex.org/W2039137743', 'https://openalex.org/W2039316158', 'https://openalex.org/W2048182294', 'https://openalex.org/W2053733854', 'https://openalex.org/W2057793911', 'https://openalex.org/W2068647198', 'https://openalex.org/W2088793537', 'https://openalex.org/W2097106184', 'https://openalex.org/W2110234813', 'https://openalex.org/W2115780849', 'https://openalex.org/W2125889353', 'https://openalex.org/W2137245514', 'https://openalex.org/W2419377290', 'https://openalex.org/W285686942', 'https://openalex.org/W53188798'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4388794238', 'https://openalex.org/W3022561482', 'https://openalex.org/W2610415318', 'https://openalex.org/W2088467083', 'https://openalex.org/W2079642353', 'https://openalex.org/W2041713583', 'https://openalex.org/W2031078074', 'https://openalex.org/W2003378295', 'https://openalex.org/W1951208516', 'https://openalex.org/W1557807506'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1987135075', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-25T14:04:26.795400', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}