Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1985386946', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1110.1456', 'title': 'Relicensing as a Secondary Market Strategy', 'display_name': 'Relicensing as a Secondary Market Strategy', 'publication_year': 2012, 'publication_date': '2012-01-14', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1985386946', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1110.1456', 'mag': '1985386946'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1110.1456', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S33323087', 'display_name': 'Management Science', 'issn_l': '0025-1909', 'issn': ['0025-1909', '1526-5501'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315699', 'host_organization_name': 'Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315699'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': True, 'oa_status': 'green', 'oa_url': 'http://repository.gatech.edu/bitstreams/51de4134-3edb-461e-8bec-2ca39c6b6f09/download', 'any_repository_has_fulltext': True}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5024770490', 'display_name': 'Nektarios Oraiopoulos', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5517-4751'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I241749', 'display_name': 'University of Cambridge', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/013meh722', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I241749']}], 'countries': ['GB'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Nektarios Oraiopoulos', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Judge Business School, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 1AG, United Kingdom#TAB#'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Judge Business School, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 1AG, United Kingdom#TAB#', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I241749']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5025109188', 'display_name': 'Mark Ferguson', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8317-138X'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I155781252', 'display_name': 'University of South Carolina', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02b6qw903', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I155781252']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Mark E. Ferguson', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Moore School of Business, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208;'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Moore School of Business, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208;', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I155781252']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5020663698', 'display_name': 'L. Beril Toktay', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7446-8253'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I130701444', 'display_name': 'Georgia Institute of Technology', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01zkghx44', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130701444']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'L. Beril Toktay', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['College of Management, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30308'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'College of Management, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30308', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I130701444']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 3, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 11.695, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 192, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.999897, 'is_in_top_1_percent': True, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 98, 'max': 99}, 'biblio': {'volume': '58', 'issue': '5', 'first_page': '1022', 'last_page': '1037'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10328', 'display_name': 'Supply Chain and Inventory Management', 'score': 0.999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1404', 'display_name': 'Management Information Systems'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10328', 'display_name': 'Supply Chain and Inventory Management', 'score': 0.999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1404', 'display_name': 'Management Information Systems'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12659', 'display_name': 'Innovation Diffusion and Forecasting', 'score': 0.9959, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1803', 'display_name': 'Management Science and Operations Research'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/18', 'display_name': 'Decision Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10539', 'display_name': 'Sustainable Supply Chain Management', 'score': 0.9954, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1408', 'display_name': 'Strategy and Management'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/14', 'display_name': 'Business, Management and Accounting'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/original-equipment-manufacturer', 'display_name': 'Original equipment manufacturer', 'score': 0.91146994}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cannibalization', 'display_name': 'Cannibalization', 'score': 0.7429477}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/duopoly', 'display_name': 'Duopoly', 'score': 0.54040563}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/market-share', 'display_name': 'Market share', 'score': 0.5250773}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/value', 'display_name': 'Value (mathematics)', 'score': 0.49813533}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-market', 'display_name': 'Secondary market', 'score': 0.4453345}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C68694590', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267558', 'display_name': 'Original equipment manufacturer', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.91146994}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777538425', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1154300', 'display_name': 'Cannibalization', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7429477}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C195487862', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850210', 'display_name': 'Revenue', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.62214977}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C40700', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783', 'display_name': 'Industrial organization', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.6053605}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C144133560', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453', 'display_name': 'Business', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.5622873}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C180456769', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750207', 'display_name': 'Duopoly', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.54040563}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C90673727', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718', 'display_name': 'Product (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5255208}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C16051113', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828814', 'display_name': 'Market share', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5250773}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776291640', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517', 'display_name': 'Value (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.49813533}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781127519', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43637', 'display_name': 'Monopoly', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48590842}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C29122968', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816', 'display_name': 'Incentive', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.44686455}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C90994476', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486901', 'display_name': 'Secondary market', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.4453345}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162853370', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809', 'display_name': 'Marketing', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.42811924}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C162324750', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134', 'display_name': 'Economics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.41549858}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C175444787', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072', 'display_name': 'Microeconomics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3093366}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C16520705', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q601799', 'display_name': 'Cournot competition', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.08969563}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C10138342', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015', 'display_name': 'Finance', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.08965805}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2524010', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087', 'display_name': 'Geometry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119857082', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539', 'display_name': 'Machine learning', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C200870193', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11691', 'display_name': 'Stock exchange', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111919701', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135', 'display_name': 'Operating system', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1110.1456', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S33323087', 'display_name': 'Management Science', 'issn_l': '0025-1909', 'issn': ['0025-1909', '1526-5501'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315699', 'host_organization_name': 'Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315699'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://hdl.handle.net/1853/18984', 'pdf_url': 'http://repository.gatech.edu/bitstreams/51de4134-3edb-461e-8bec-2ca39c6b6f09/download', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4377196313', 'display_name': 'SMARTech Repository (Georgia Institute of Technology)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I130701444', 'host_organization_name': 'Georgia Institute of Technology', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130701444'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Georgia Institute of Technology'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': {'is_oa': True, 'landing_page_url': 'https://hdl.handle.net/1853/18984', 'pdf_url': 'http://repository.gatech.edu/bitstreams/51de4134-3edb-461e-8bec-2ca39c6b6f09/download', 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4377196313', 'display_name': 'SMARTech Repository (Georgia Institute of Technology)', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I130701444', 'host_organization_name': 'Georgia Institute of Technology', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I130701444'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Georgia Institute of Technology'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': 'submittedVersion', 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'display_name': 'Industry, innovation and infrastructure', 'score': 0.57, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 62, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1480752001', 'https://openalex.org/W1489741075', 'https://openalex.org/W1497758075', 'https://openalex.org/W1500626379', 'https://openalex.org/W1503952252', 'https://openalex.org/W1515086294', 'https://openalex.org/W1525905959', 'https://openalex.org/W1566844821', 'https://openalex.org/W1922745623', 'https://openalex.org/W1972221945', 'https://openalex.org/W1981990922', 'https://openalex.org/W2001181841', 'https://openalex.org/W2002122935', 'https://openalex.org/W2005570417', 'https://openalex.org/W2019338008', 'https://openalex.org/W2020664057', 'https://openalex.org/W2023067240', 'https://openalex.org/W2029123070', 'https://openalex.org/W2030672836', 'https://openalex.org/W2037127653', 'https://openalex.org/W2037534088', 'https://openalex.org/W2040670567', 'https://openalex.org/W2042958390', 'https://openalex.org/W2048541905', 'https://openalex.org/W2050548199', 'https://openalex.org/W2052349846', 'https://openalex.org/W2053888941', 'https://openalex.org/W2056227530', 'https://openalex.org/W2060762444', 'https://openalex.org/W2063515507', 'https://openalex.org/W2077800159', 'https://openalex.org/W2081204824', 'https://openalex.org/W2088403951', 'https://openalex.org/W2093301662', 'https://openalex.org/W2096473998', 'https://openalex.org/W2104852617', 'https://openalex.org/W2107880387', 'https://openalex.org/W2111176582', 'https://openalex.org/W2111397133', 'https://openalex.org/W2112482196', 'https://openalex.org/W2116196523', 'https://openalex.org/W2117906003', 'https://openalex.org/W2119406282', 'https://openalex.org/W2152495309', 'https://openalex.org/W2153921685', 'https://openalex.org/W2154273531', 'https://openalex.org/W2156590737', 'https://openalex.org/W2161071938', 'https://openalex.org/W2162260009', 'https://openalex.org/W2164980597', 'https://openalex.org/W2178923463', 'https://openalex.org/W2501868459', 'https://openalex.org/W2514463166', 'https://openalex.org/W2910462600', 'https://openalex.org/W2915635235', 'https://openalex.org/W2995366185', 'https://openalex.org/W3121409699', 'https://openalex.org/W3122408502', 'https://openalex.org/W3122928000', 'https://openalex.org/W3125717435', 'https://openalex.org/W3126121498', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4304172390', 'https://openalex.org/W3002243288', 'https://openalex.org/W2782000555', 'https://openalex.org/W2773469572', 'https://openalex.org/W2277557431', 'https://openalex.org/W2258758233', 'https://openalex.org/W2146030007', 'https://openalex.org/W1974383098', 'https://openalex.org/W1965147895', 'https://openalex.org/W184013632'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Secondary': [0], 'markets': [1, 30], 'in': [2, 23, 33, 58, 203], 'the': [3, 26, 59, 75, 106, 130, 145, 150, 156, 175, 180, 192, 195, 200, 205, 208, 212, 218, 224, 231], 'information': [4], 'technology': [5], 'industry,': [6, 25], 'where': [7, 174], 'used': [8, 153], 'or': [9, 229], 'refurbished': [10, 196], 'equipment': [11, 20], 'is': [12, 95, 128], 'traded,': [13], 'have': [14, 61, 83], 'been': [15], 'growing': [16], 'steadily.': [17], 'For': [18], 'original': [19], 'manufacturers': [21], '(OEMs)': [22], 'this': [24, 93], 'importance': [27], 'of': [28, 40, 45, 92, 149, 152, 158, 183, 194], 'secondary': [29, 76, 88, 107, 137, 232], 'has': [31], 'grown': [32], 'parallel,': [34], 'not': [35], 'only': [36], 'as': [37], 'a': [38, 170, 187], 'source': [39], 'revenue,': [41], 'but': [42], 'also': [43], 'because': [44], 'their': [46, 79, 87], 'impact': [47], 'on': [48, 112, 223], 'these': [49], "firms'": [50], 'competitive': [51, 115], 'advantage': [52], 'and': [53, 102, 119, 207, 220, 243], 'market': [54, 77, 108, 138], 'strategy.': [55], 'Recent': [56], 'articles': [57], 'press': [60], 'severely': [62], 'criticized': [63], 'some': [64], 'OEMs': [65, 82], 'who': [66], 'are': [67, 109], 'perceived': [68], 'to': [69, 73, 96, 191], 'be': [70], 'actively': [71], 'trying': [72], 'eliminate': [74], 'for': [78], 'products.': [80], 'Other': [81], 'policies': [84], 'that': [85, 125, 166, 226], 'enhance': [86], 'markets.': [89], 'The': [90, 122], 'goal': [91], 'paper': [94, 235], 'understand': [97], 'how': [98], 'an': [99, 135], "OEM's": [100, 201], 'incentives': [101], 'optimal': [103, 213], 'strategies': [104], 'vis-à-vis': [105], 'shaped': [110], 'contingent': [111], 'her': [113, 184], 'relative': [114], 'advantage,': [116], 'product': [117, 160, 185], 'characteristics,': [118], 'consumer': [120], 'preferences.': [121], 'critical': [123], 'trade-off': [124], 'we': [126, 168], 'examine': [127], 'whether': [129], 'indirect': [131], 'benefit': [132], 'from': [133], 'maintaining': [134], 'active': [136], '(the': [139, 162], 'resale': [140, 181], 'value': [141, 182], 'effect)': [142], 'can': [143, 177], 'outweigh': [144], 'potentially': [146], 'negative': [147], 'effect': [148], 'sales': [151, 161], 'products': [154], 'at': [155], 'expense': [157], 'new': [159], 'cannibalization': [163], 'effect).': [164], 'To': [165], 'end,': [167], 'develop': [169], 'durable': [171], 'good': [172], 'model': [173], 'OEM': [176], 'directly': [178], 'affect': [179], 'through': [186], 'relicensing': [188, 214], 'fee': [189, 215], 'charged': [190], 'buyer': [193], 'equipment.': [197], 'We': [198], 'analyze': [199], 'strategy': [202], 'both': [204], 'monopoly': [206], 'duopoly': [209], 'cases,': [210], 'characterize': [211], 'set': [216], 'by': [217, 238], 'OEM,': [219], 'draw': [221], 'conclusions': [222], 'conditions': [225], 'favor': [227], 'stimulating': [228], 'deterring': [230], 'market.': [233], 'This': [234], 'was': [236], 'accepted': [237], 'Candace': [239], 'A.': [240], 'Yano,': [241], 'operations': [242], 'supply': [244], 'chain': [245], 'management.': [246]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1985386946', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 26}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 23}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 15}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 17}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 25}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 12}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 16}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 14}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 13}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 2}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-13T18:48:59.645766', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}