Title: Development of Postural Control—Differences between Ventral and Dorsal Muscles?
Abstract: HADDERS-ALGRA, M., E. BROGREN AND H. FORSSBERG. Development of postural control—differences between ventral and dorsal muscles? NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REV 22(4) 501–506, 1998.—Postural control is organized in basic, direction specific synergies which can be adapted to task-related conditions. Studies on the development of postural adjustments in young sitting children revealed that largely variable, direction specific muscle activation patterns are already present in 5–6 month old children not able to sit without support. With increasing age, the variation in muscle activation patterns decreases, resulting in a selection of the most complete patterns of synergist activation at 9–10 months of age. The synergy of the dorsal extensor muscles (during a forward sway of the body) develops faster than the synergy of the ventral flexors (during backward body-sway). A `fixed' extensor synergy is prominently present between 9 months and 3 years, i.e. during the period when standing and walking abilities develop. With increasing age the `fixed' extensor synergy gradually dissolves. The flexor synergy shows a larger flexibility than the extensor synergy, a difference which can be attributed to differences in stability limits and differences in the degree of supraspinal modulation.
Publication Year: 1998
Publication Date: 1998-03-01
Language: en
Type: review
Indexed In: ['crossref', 'pubmed']
Access and Citation
Cited By Count: 49
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