Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1983308444', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(00)92645-5', 'title': 'Fluorescent PET (photoinduced electron transfer) indicators for solvent polarity with quasi-step functional response', 'display_name': 'Fluorescent PET (photoinduced electron transfer) indicators for solvent polarity with quasi-step functional response', 'publication_year': 1991, 'publication_date': '1991-01-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1983308444', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(00)92645-5', 'mag': '1983308444'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(00)92645-5', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S133942674', 'display_name': 'Tetrahedron Letters', 'issn_l': '0040-4039', 'issn': ['0040-4039', '1873-3581'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5017456838', 'display_name': 'Richard A. Bissell', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I90678064', 'display_name': 'University of Colombo', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02phn5242', 'country_code': 'LK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I90678064']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126231945', 'display_name': "Queen's University Belfast", 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hswnk62', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126231945']}], 'countries': ['GB', 'LK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Richard A. Bissell', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 3, Sri Lanka', "School of Chemistry, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 3, Sri Lanka', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I90678064']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': "School of Chemistry, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126231945']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5073085423', 'display_name': 'A.Prasanna de Silva', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126231945', 'display_name': "Queen's University Belfast", 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hswnk62', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126231945']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I90678064', 'display_name': 'University of Colombo', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02phn5242', 'country_code': 'LK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I90678064']}], 'countries': ['GB', 'LK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'A.Prasanna de Silva', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 3, Sri Lanka', "School of Chemistry, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': "School of Chemistry, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126231945']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 3, Sri Lanka', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I90678064']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5072167417', 'display_name': 'W. Thilak', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I90678064', 'display_name': 'University of Colombo', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02phn5242', 'country_code': 'LK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I90678064']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126231945', 'display_name': "Queen's University Belfast", 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hswnk62', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126231945']}], 'countries': ['GB', 'LK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'W. Thilak', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 3, Sri Lanka', "School of Chemistry, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 3, Sri Lanka', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I90678064']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': "School of Chemistry, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126231945']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5006339631', 'display_name': 'M.L. Fernando', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I90678064', 'display_name': 'University of Colombo', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02phn5242', 'country_code': 'LK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I90678064']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126231945', 'display_name': "Queen's University Belfast", 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hswnk62', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126231945']}], 'countries': ['GB', 'LK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'M.L. Fernando', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 3, Sri Lanka', "School of Chemistry, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 3, Sri Lanka', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I90678064']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': "School of Chemistry, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126231945']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5043813349', 'display_name': 'Suram T. Patuwathavithana', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I90678064', 'display_name': 'University of Colombo', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02phn5242', 'country_code': 'LK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I90678064']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126231945', 'display_name': "Queen's University Belfast", 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hswnk62', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126231945']}], 'countries': ['GB', 'LK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Suram T. Patuwathavithana', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 3, Sri Lanka', "School of Chemistry, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 3, Sri Lanka', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I90678064']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': "School of Chemistry, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126231945']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5003421457', 'display_name': 'T. K. Shantha', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I90678064', 'display_name': 'University of Colombo', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02phn5242', 'country_code': 'LK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I90678064']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126231945', 'display_name': "Queen's University Belfast", 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hswnk62', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126231945']}], 'countries': ['GB', 'LK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'T.K. Shantha', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 3, Sri Lanka', "School of Chemistry, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 3, Sri Lanka', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I90678064']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': "School of Chemistry, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126231945']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5072715131', 'display_name': 'Diyanath Samarasinghe', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2891-8297'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I90678064', 'display_name': 'University of Colombo', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02phn5242', 'country_code': 'LK', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I90678064']}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/I126231945', 'display_name': "Queen's University Belfast", 'ror': 'https://ror.org/00hswnk62', 'country_code': 'GB', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I126231945']}], 'countries': ['GB', 'LK'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'D. Samarasinghe', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 3, Sri Lanka', "School of Chemistry, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland"], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 3, Sri Lanka', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I90678064']}, {'raw_affiliation_string': "School of Chemistry, Queen's University, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland", 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I126231945']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 2, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3690, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3690, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 2.632, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 48, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.962597, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 92, 'max': 93}, 'biblio': {'volume': '32', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '425', 'last_page': '428'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11129', 'display_name': 'Excited-State Proton Transfer Mechanisms and Applications', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1606', 'display_name': 'Physical and Theoretical Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/16', 'display_name': 'Chemistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11129', 'display_name': 'Excited-State Proton Transfer Mechanisms and Applications', 'score': 1.0, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1606', 'display_name': 'Physical and Theoretical Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/16', 'display_name': 'Chemistry'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11240', 'display_name': 'Aggregation-Induced Emission in Fluorescent Materials', 'score': 0.9987, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2505', 'display_name': 'Materials Chemistry'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/25', 'display_name': 'Materials Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10913', 'display_name': 'Molecular Electronic Devices and Systems', 'score': 0.9974, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2208', 'display_name': 'Electrical and Electronic Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/polarity', 'display_name': 'Polarity (international relations)', 'score': 0.82406604}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-yield', 'display_name': 'Quantum yield', 'score': 0.8061789}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/solvent-polarity', 'display_name': 'Solvent polarity', 'score': 0.7925613}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/photoinduced-electron-transfer', 'display_name': 'Photoinduced electron transfer', 'score': 0.7037539}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/fluorescence-quantum-yields', 'display_name': 'Fluorescence Quantum Yields', 'score': 0.551315}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.9222392}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777361361', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1112585', 'display_name': 'Polarity (international relations)', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.82406604}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C171001562', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2856048', 'display_name': 'Quantum yield', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.8061789}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C91881484', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191807', 'display_name': 'Fluorescence', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.79946816}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2992176605', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146505', 'display_name': 'Solvent polarity', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7925613}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C75473681', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188651', 'display_name': 'Photochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.7105051}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781018080', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187813', 'display_name': 'Photoinduced electron transfer', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.7037539}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780471494', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146505', 'display_name': 'Solvent', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6710808}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C123669783', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902898', 'display_name': 'Electron transfer', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5174887}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C106447425', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11379', 'display_name': 'Energy transfer', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.50287575}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C132439834', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7559035', 'display_name': 'Solvent effects', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5000019}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134121241', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301', 'display_name': 'Yield (engineering)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.46007356}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C178790620', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351', 'display_name': 'Organic chemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.17086318}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159467904', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001702', 'display_name': 'Chemical physics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.17019582}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C120665830', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620', 'display_name': 'Optics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.10748297}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C97355855', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473', 'display_name': 'Thermodynamics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.067135304}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C1491633281', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868', 'display_name': 'Cell', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(00)92645-5', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S133942674', 'display_name': 'Tetrahedron Letters', 'issn_l': '0040-4039', 'issn': ['0040-4039', '1873-3581'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.84, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7', 'display_name': 'Affordable and clean energy'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 41, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1445770770', 'https://openalex.org/W1533603782', 'https://openalex.org/W1547701101', 'https://openalex.org/W1965361397', 'https://openalex.org/W1966624508', 'https://openalex.org/W1967396757', 'https://openalex.org/W1969198626', 'https://openalex.org/W1970476045', 'https://openalex.org/W1977224440', 'https://openalex.org/W1985938200', 'https://openalex.org/W1993053769', 'https://openalex.org/W1995085193', 'https://openalex.org/W2000955214', 'https://openalex.org/W2001878850', 'https://openalex.org/W2003733929', 'https://openalex.org/W2013221003', 'https://openalex.org/W2027122860', 'https://openalex.org/W2032012867', 'https://openalex.org/W2034790609', 'https://openalex.org/W2042276199', 'https://openalex.org/W2044389832', 'https://openalex.org/W2050122941', 'https://openalex.org/W2057003691', 'https://openalex.org/W2060504523', 'https://openalex.org/W2064725220', 'https://openalex.org/W2066022058', 'https://openalex.org/W2066544475', 'https://openalex.org/W2067063029', 'https://openalex.org/W2072868571', 'https://openalex.org/W2075462704', 'https://openalex.org/W2076734229', 'https://openalex.org/W2091060721', 'https://openalex.org/W2091944434', 'https://openalex.org/W2114896354', 'https://openalex.org/W2118997899', 'https://openalex.org/W2127161225', 'https://openalex.org/W2145773666', 'https://openalex.org/W3005362980', 'https://openalex.org/W41980582', 'https://openalex.org/W4247746418', 'https://openalex.org/W4255229502'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W2755885809', 'https://openalex.org/W2339243636', 'https://openalex.org/W2086710427', 'https://openalex.org/W2071923818', 'https://openalex.org/W2071209267', 'https://openalex.org/W2049894469', 'https://openalex.org/W2013295860', 'https://openalex.org/W1987875088', 'https://openalex.org/W1964151756', 'https://openalex.org/W1568668759'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'The': [0, 26], 'family': [1], 'of': [2], 'alkylaminomethylanthracenes': [3], '(1)': [4], 'display': [5], 'solvent': [6, 24], 'independent': [7], 'electronic': [8], 'spectral': [9], 'parameters': [10], 'except': [11], 'for': [12], 'the': [13], 'fluorescence': [14], 'quantum': [15], 'yield': [16], 'which': [17], 'gives': [18], 'a': [19, 33], 'sharp': [20], 'sigmoidal': [21], 'response': [22], 'to': [23, 32], 'polarity.': [25], 'latter': [27], 'can': [28], 'be': [29], 'analyzed': [30], 'according': [31], 'linear': [34], 'free': [35], 'energy': [36], 'relationship.': [37]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1983308444', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 4}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-19T21:26:31.051209', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}