Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1983122994', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.10364', 'title': 'Coupled Markov random field models with phases as line field and region field', 'display_name': 'Coupled Markov random field models with phases as line field and region field', 'publication_year': 2003, 'publication_date': '2003-04-22', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1983122994', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.10364', 'mag': '1983122994'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.10364', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S58208175', 'display_name': 'Systems and Computers in Japan', 'issn_l': '0882-1666', 'issn': ['0882-1666', '1520-684X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5101861229', 'display_name': 'Kazuyuki Tanaka', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9630-2748'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I201537933', 'display_name': 'Tohoku University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01dq60k83', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I201537933']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Kazuyuki Tanaka', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Graduate School of Information Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980‐8579 Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Graduate School of Information Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980‐8579 Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I201537933']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5051769996', 'display_name': 'Daiki Furusato', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I201537933', 'display_name': 'Tohoku University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01dq60k83', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I201537933']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Daiki Furusato', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Electrical Communication, School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980‐8579 Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Electrical Communication, School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980‐8579 Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I201537933']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5105453392', 'display_name': 'Tsuyoshi Horiguchi', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I201537933', 'display_name': 'Tohoku University', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/01dq60k83', 'country_code': 'JP', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I201537933']}], 'countries': ['JP'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Tsuyoshi Horiguchi', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Graduate School of Information Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980‐8579 Japan'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Graduate School of Information Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980‐8579 Japan', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I201537933']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 1, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 2, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.462319, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 66, 'max': 70}, 'biblio': {'volume': '34', 'issue': '7', 'first_page': '24', 'last_page': '33'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10688', 'display_name': 'Image Denoising Techniques and Algorithms', 'score': 0.9991, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1707', 'display_name': 'Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10688', 'display_name': 'Image Denoising Techniques and Algorithms', 'score': 0.9991, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1707', 'display_name': 'Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10052', 'display_name': 'Image Segmentation Techniques', 'score': 0.9904, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1707', 'display_name': 'Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11105', 'display_name': 'Single Image Super-Resolution Techniques', 'score': 0.9902, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1707', 'display_name': 'Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/17', 'display_name': 'Computer Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-random-field', 'display_name': 'Markov random field', 'score': 0.8039423}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/deformable-image-registration', 'display_name': 'Deformable Image Registration', 'score': 0.479042}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778045648', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176827', 'display_name': 'Markov random field', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.8039423}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C130402806', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5361768', 'display_name': 'Random field', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7559561}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98763669', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645', 'display_name': 'Markov chain', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6404358}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C9652623', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109', 'display_name': 'Field (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5742068}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C159886148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645', 'display_name': 'Markov process', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5229362}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C62354387', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399', 'display_name': 'Boundary (topology)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5203566}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C163836022', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6771326', 'display_name': 'Markov model', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.48835108}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.48222575}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C54907487', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915688', 'display_name': 'Variable-order Markov model', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.45362088}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C11413529', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366', 'display_name': 'Algorithm', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4374184}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121864883', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916', 'display_name': 'Statistical physics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.43661454}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C124504099', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933', 'display_name': 'Image segmentation', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.42037117}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.38745177}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154945302', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660', 'display_name': 'Artificial intelligence', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3226627}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C89600930', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946', 'display_name': 'Segmentation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.30024445}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134306372', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754', 'display_name': 'Mathematical analysis', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.19243944}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121332964', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413', 'display_name': 'Physics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.19153684}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C119857082', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539', 'display_name': 'Machine learning', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.12108156}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C105795698', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483', 'display_name': 'Statistics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.10705355}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202444582', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863', 'display_name': 'Pure mathematics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1002/scj.10364', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S58208175', 'display_name': 'Systems and Computers in Japan', 'issn_l': '0882-1666', 'issn': ['0882-1666', '1520-684X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320595', 'host_organization_name': 'Wiley', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320595'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Wiley'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'score': 0.58, 'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11', 'display_name': 'Sustainable cities and communities'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 12, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1989355375', 'https://openalex.org/W2002586113', 'https://openalex.org/W2017124726', 'https://openalex.org/W2019635781', 'https://openalex.org/W2020999234', 'https://openalex.org/W2022231604', 'https://openalex.org/W2071032378', 'https://openalex.org/W2076477776', 'https://openalex.org/W2104128431', 'https://openalex.org/W2140957042', 'https://openalex.org/W2151372718', 'https://openalex.org/W2167655414'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W987019958', 'https://openalex.org/W4386839846', 'https://openalex.org/W4233015508', 'https://openalex.org/W3126873283', 'https://openalex.org/W3022014775', 'https://openalex.org/W2540690809', 'https://openalex.org/W2393621008', 'https://openalex.org/W2353273130', 'https://openalex.org/W2129435535', 'https://openalex.org/W2099971354'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Abstract': [0], 'We': [1, 97, 146], 'investigate': [2, 147], 'a': [3, 6, 38, 42, 99, 111, 123, 126, 143, 153], 'boundary‐based': [4, 27, 55, 100], 'and': [5, 28, 41, 51, 61, 76, 110], 'region‐based': [7, 31, 81, 112], 'coupled': [8, 32, 56, 82, 101, 113], 'Markov': [9, 33, 102, 114], 'random': [10, 34, 57, 83, 103, 115], 'field': [11, 35, 40, 44, 58, 84, 104, 109, 116, 121], 'model,': [12, 59, 85], 'both': [13, 37], 'of': [14, 21, 63, 70, 125, 156], 'which': [15], 'are': [16, 72, 92, 139], 'useful': [17], 'in': [18, 130, 172], 'image': [19, 137], 'restorations': [20], 'gray‐level': [22], 'images.': [23, 158], 'In': [24, 53, 79], 'the': [25, 29, 54, 64, 80, 149], 'conventional': [26, 30], 'models,': [36], 'line': [39, 108], 'region': [43], 'take': [45], 'only': [46], 'two': [47], 'discrete': [48, 95], 'states,': [49], '0': [50], '1.': [52], 'existence': [60], 'nonexistence': [62], 'edge': [65], 'at': [66, 89], 'each': [67, 90], 'nearest‐neighbor': [68], 'pair': [69], 'pixels': [71], 'denoted': [73], 'by': [74, 94, 141], '1': [75], '0,': [77], 'respectively.': [78], 'some': [86], 'different': [87], 'regions': [88], 'pixel': [91], 'labeled': [93], 'numbers.': [96], 'propose': [98], 'model': [105, 117, 129], 'with': [106, 118], 'continuous': [107, 119], 'segmentation': [120], 'from': [122], 'standpoint': [124], 'plane': [127], 'rotator': [128], 'statistical': [131], 'mechanics.': [132], 'The': [133], 'iterative': [134], 'algorithms': [135], 'for': [136], 'restoration': [138], 'constructed': [140], 'using': [142], 'mean‐field': [144], 'approximation.': [145], 'how': [148], 'proposed': [150], 'models': [151], 'produce': [152], 'better': [154], 'quality': [155], 'restored': [157], '©': [159], '2003': [160], 'Wiley': [161, 173], 'Periodicals,': [162], 'Inc.': [163], 'Syst': [164], 'Comp': [165], 'Jpn,': [166], '34(7):': [167], '24–33,': [168], '2003;': [169], 'Published': [170], 'online': [171], 'InterScience': [174], '(': [175], 'www.interscience.wiley.com': [176], ').': [177], 'DOI': [178], '10.1002/scj.10364': [179]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1983122994', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-09-12T21:06:39.440716', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}