Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1982687909', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2010.519707', 'title': 'Digital map conflation: a review of the process and a proposal for classification', 'display_name': 'Digital map conflation: a review of the process and a proposal for classification', 'publication_year': 2011, 'publication_date': '2011-09-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1982687909', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2010.519707', 'mag': '1982687909'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2010.519707', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S111872859', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Geographical Information Science', 'issn_l': '1365-8816', 'issn': ['1365-8816', '1365-8824'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320547', 'host_organization_name': 'Taylor & Francis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Taylor & Francis'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5101519341', 'display_name': 'Juan José Ruíz Ruíz', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6492-4865'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I191420491', 'display_name': 'Universidad de Jaén', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0122p5f64', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I191420491']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Juan J. Ruiz', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Cartographic Engineering , University of Jaen , Jaén, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Cartographic Engineering , University of Jaen , Jaén, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I191420491']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5083508840', 'display_name': 'Francisco Javier Ariza López', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5204-3630'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I191420491', 'display_name': 'Universidad de Jaén', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0122p5f64', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I191420491']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'F. Javier Ariza', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Cartographic Engineering , University of Jaen , Jaén, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Cartographic Engineering , University of Jaen , Jaén, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I191420491']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5009693327', 'display_name': 'Manuel A. Ureña-Cámara', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6373-4410'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I191420491', 'display_name': 'Universidad de Jaén', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0122p5f64', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I191420491']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Manuel A. Ureña', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Cartographic Engineering , University of Jaen , Jaén, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Cartographic Engineering , University of Jaen , Jaén, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I191420491']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5054439327', 'display_name': 'Elidia Beatriz Blázquez Parra', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7329-7277'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I82767444', 'display_name': 'Universidad de Málaga', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/036b2ww28', 'country_code': 'ES', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I82767444']}], 'countries': ['ES'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'Elidia B. Blázquez', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Graphic Engineering, Design and Projects , University of Malaga , Malaga, Spain'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Graphic Engineering, Design and Projects , University of Malaga , Malaga, Spain', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I82767444']}]}], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5009693327'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I191420491'], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 9.414, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 102, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.923077, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': True}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 97, 'max': 98}, 'biblio': {'volume': '25', 'issue': '9', 'first_page': '1439', 'last_page': '1466'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10757', 'display_name': 'Volunteered Geographic Information and Geospatial Crowdsourcing', 'score': 0.9974, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3305', 'display_name': 'Geography, Planning and Development'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10757', 'display_name': 'Volunteered Geographic Information and Geospatial Crowdsourcing', 'score': 0.9974, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/3305', 'display_name': 'Geography, Planning and Development'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/33', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11164', 'display_name': 'Mapping Forests with Lidar Remote Sensing', 'score': 0.9952, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2305', 'display_name': 'Environmental Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/23', 'display_name': 'Environmental Science'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13282', 'display_name': 'Automatic Road Extraction from Remote Sensing Images', 'score': 0.9858, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2212', 'display_name': 'Ocean Engineering'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/22', 'display_name': 'Engineering'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/3', 'display_name': 'Physical Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/conflation', 'display_name': 'Conflation', 'score': 0.99767494}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/map-inference', 'display_name': 'Map Inference', 'score': 0.507365}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C130440534', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14946528', 'display_name': 'Conflation', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.99767494}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C9770341', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983', 'display_name': 'Geospatial analysis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.70939887}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C9652623', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109', 'display_name': 'Field (mathematics)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.63020986}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98045186', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663', 'display_name': 'Process (computing)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.62683827}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C41008148', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198', 'display_name': 'Computer science', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.61312413}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C28719098', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946', 'display_name': 'Point (geometry)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.48768103}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C23123220', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826', 'display_name': 'Information retrieval', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.45561442}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2522767166', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463', 'display_name': 'Data science', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.43104666}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C93518851', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180160', 'display_name': 'Metadata', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.42468297}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C205649164', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071', 'display_name': 'Geography', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.2587902}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C58640448', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515', 'display_name': 'Cartography', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.2126809}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111472728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471', 'display_name': 'Epistemology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.21142986}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136764020', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466', 'display_name': 'World Wide Web', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.1197519}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C33923547', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395', 'display_name': 'Mathematics', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.08861095}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C138885662', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891', 'display_name': 'Philosophy', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2524010', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087', 'display_name': 'Geometry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C202444582', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863', 'display_name': 'Pure mathematics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C111919701', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135', 'display_name': 'Operating system', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2010.519707', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S111872859', 'display_name': 'International Journal of Geographical Information Science', 'issn_l': '1365-8816', 'issn': ['1365-8816', '1365-8824'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320547', 'host_organization_name': 'Taylor & Francis', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Taylor & Francis'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 143, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W111463806', 'https://openalex.org/W121350155', 'https://openalex.org/W1465828976', 'https://openalex.org/W1494129366', 'https://openalex.org/W1511279056', 'https://openalex.org/W1511641097', 'https://openalex.org/W1519247641', 'https://openalex.org/W1519393268', 'https://openalex.org/W1523167825', 'https://openalex.org/W1528270775', 'https://openalex.org/W1537237151', 'https://openalex.org/W1551776235', 'https://openalex.org/W1558791295', 'https://openalex.org/W1558823877', 'https://openalex.org/W1561918524', 'https://openalex.org/W1574719525', 'https://openalex.org/W1580085647', 'https://openalex.org/W1586850883', 'https://openalex.org/W1594813923', 'https://openalex.org/W1598062051', 'https://openalex.org/W161586584', 'https://openalex.org/W1625553374', 'https://openalex.org/W1655554306', 'https://openalex.org/W179017357', 'https://openalex.org/W189896571', 'https://openalex.org/W1910504249', 'https://openalex.org/W1957349161', 'https://openalex.org/W19601999', 'https://openalex.org/W1963623641', 'https://openalex.org/W1964671814', 'https://openalex.org/W1968737799', 'https://openalex.org/W1971297457', 'https://openalex.org/W1978171942', 'https://openalex.org/W1982580856', 'https://openalex.org/W1983185017', 'https://openalex.org/W1983752812', 'https://openalex.org/W1985638273', 'https://openalex.org/W1987842047', 'https://openalex.org/W1988340545', 'https://openalex.org/W1988491271', 'https://openalex.org/W1989699935', 'https://openalex.org/W1991798839', 'https://openalex.org/W1996187920', 'https://openalex.org/W1999517458', 'https://openalex.org/W2001278197', 'https://openalex.org/W2005314985', 'https://openalex.org/W2007259124', 'https://openalex.org/W2008297189', 'https://openalex.org/W2008959396', 'https://openalex.org/W2009214675', 'https://openalex.org/W2012299618', 'https://openalex.org/W2015987203', 'https://openalex.org/W2019829584', 'https://openalex.org/W2022233854', 'https://openalex.org/W2022594996', 'https://openalex.org/W2025134402', 'https://openalex.org/W2025785578', 'https://openalex.org/W2028652181', 'https://openalex.org/W2029052362', 'https://openalex.org/W2036501019', 'https://openalex.org/W2038700228', 'https://openalex.org/W2038739959', 'https://openalex.org/W2039051707', 'https://openalex.org/W2040300855', 'https://openalex.org/W2040348902', 'https://openalex.org/W2041074446', 'https://openalex.org/W2042026294', 'https://openalex.org/W2042988664', 'https://openalex.org/W2044592879', 'https://openalex.org/W2045034287', 'https://openalex.org/W2046203484', 'https://openalex.org/W2047870342', 'https://openalex.org/W2049002247', 'https://openalex.org/W2049069062', 'https://openalex.org/W2049981393', 'https://openalex.org/W2053661526', 'https://openalex.org/W2054570949', 'https://openalex.org/W2057621739', 'https://openalex.org/W2058386549', 'https://openalex.org/W2061131869', 'https://openalex.org/W2064823094', 'https://openalex.org/W2071867759', 'https://openalex.org/W2073476599', 'https://openalex.org/W2073788020', 'https://openalex.org/W2077379886', 'https://openalex.org/W2078770972', 'https://openalex.org/W2084404970', 'https://openalex.org/W2085715291', 'https://openalex.org/W2092120745', 'https://openalex.org/W2092326740', 'https://openalex.org/W2093055703', 'https://openalex.org/W2094017739', 'https://openalex.org/W2100318434', 'https://openalex.org/W2101933839', 'https://openalex.org/W2103286543', 'https://openalex.org/W2115779326', 'https://openalex.org/W2118104180', 'https://openalex.org/W2124299914', 'https://openalex.org/W2124434037', 'https://openalex.org/W2129670093', 'https://openalex.org/W2133029430', 'https://openalex.org/W2133039566', 'https://openalex.org/W2134126205', 'https://openalex.org/W2137176010', 'https://openalex.org/W2138452195', 'https://openalex.org/W2141780587', 'https://openalex.org/W2147044389', 'https://openalex.org/W2150559991', 'https://openalex.org/W2151103935', 'https://openalex.org/W2151446246', 'https://openalex.org/W2152163636', 'https://openalex.org/W2155908915', 'https://openalex.org/W2159882774', 'https://openalex.org/W2160580257', 'https://openalex.org/W2160694201', 'https://openalex.org/W2163399314', 'https://openalex.org/W2164387445', 'https://openalex.org/W2164660697', 'https://openalex.org/W2165584973', 'https://openalex.org/W2182949176', 'https://openalex.org/W2339519837', 'https://openalex.org/W2385901724', 'https://openalex.org/W2391642248', 'https://openalex.org/W2480437173', 'https://openalex.org/W2537326450', 'https://openalex.org/W2561675875', 'https://openalex.org/W2601459751', 'https://openalex.org/W2608344929', 'https://openalex.org/W2611894836', 'https://openalex.org/W2911302472', 'https://openalex.org/W2914307158', 'https://openalex.org/W2994763534', 'https://openalex.org/W2996312919', 'https://openalex.org/W3025130993', 'https://openalex.org/W3143428083', 'https://openalex.org/W3146602668', 'https://openalex.org/W3175784166', 'https://openalex.org/W36262664', 'https://openalex.org/W4210602482', 'https://openalex.org/W4240153047', 'https://openalex.org/W4242595167', 'https://openalex.org/W4285719527', 'https://openalex.org/W87334022'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4245621531', 'https://openalex.org/W2895592889', 'https://openalex.org/W2373256103', 'https://openalex.org/W2352149790', 'https://openalex.org/W2186092498', 'https://openalex.org/W2058252362', 'https://openalex.org/W2008166176', 'https://openalex.org/W1984630168', 'https://openalex.org/W1982687909', 'https://openalex.org/W1539211164'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'This': [0], 'article': [1, 69], 'is': [2, 26], 'centred': [3], 'on': [4], 'analysing': [5], 'the': [6, 9, 12, 30, 33, 98, 106, 118], 'state': [7], 'of': [8, 11, 35, 52, 57, 88], 'art': [10], 'conflation': [13, 25, 40, 74, 90], 'processes': [14], 'applied': [15], 'to': [16, 28, 103, 110, 120], 'geospatial': [17], 'databases': [18], '(GDBs)': [19], 'from': [20], 'heterogeneous': [21], 'sources.': [22], 'The': [23], 'term': [24], 'used': [27], 'describe': [29], 'procedure': [31], 'for': [32, 48], 'integration': [34], 'these': [36], 'different': [37], 'data,': [38], 'and': [39, 64, 79, 84, 116], 'methods': [41], 'play': [42], 'an': [43], 'important': [44], 'role': [45], 'in': [46, 123], 'systems': [47], 'updating': [49], 'GDBs,': [50], 'derivation': [51], 'new': [53], 'cartographic': [54], 'products,': [55], 'densification': [56], 'digital': [58], 'elevation': [59], 'models,': [60], 'automatic': [61], 'features': [62], 'extraction': [63], 'so': [65], 'on.': [66], 'In': [67], 'this': [68, 124], 'we': [70, 93], 'define': [71], 'extensively': [72], 'each': [73], 'process,': [75], 'its': [76, 80], 'evaluation': [77], 'measures': [78], 'main': [81], 'application': [82], 'problems': [83], 'present': [85], 'a': [86, 95, 113], 'classification': [87], 'all': [89], 'processes.': [91], 'Finally,': [92], 'introduce': [94], 'bibliography': [96], 'which': [97], 'reader': [99, 119], 'may': [100], 'find': [101], 'useful': [102], 'further': [104], 'explore': [105], 'field.': [107], 'It': [108], 'tries': [109], 'serve': [111], 'as': [112], 'starting': [114], 'point': [115], 'direct': [117], 'characteristic': [121], 'research': [122], 'area.': [125]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1982687909', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 4}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 6}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2020, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2018, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 7}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 8}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 9}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 10}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-09-10T23:18:41.042298', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}