Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1981631423', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2003.11.012', 'title': 'Antagonism of anticholinesterase (DFP) toxicity by donepezil plus scopolamine: a preliminary study', 'display_name': 'Antagonism of anticholinesterase (DFP) toxicity by donepezil plus scopolamine: a preliminary study', 'publication_year': 2004, 'publication_date': '2004-01-02', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1981631423', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2003.11.012', 'mag': '1981631423', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14751462'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2003.11.012', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S59685179', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior', 'issn_l': '0091-3057', 'issn': ['0091-3057', '1873-5177'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5052738504', 'display_name': 'David S. Janowsky', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114027177', 'display_name': 'University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0130frc33', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'David S. Janowsky', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, CB# 7175, Medical Research Building A, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7175, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, CB# 7175, Medical Research Building A, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7175, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}]}, {'author_position': 'middle', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5052344963', 'display_name': 'John M. Davis', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3963-1654'}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I39422238', 'display_name': 'University of Illinois Chicago', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/02mpq6x41', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I39422238']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'John M. Davis', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL,USA'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL,USA', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I39422238']}]}, {'author_position': 'last', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111683164', 'display_name': 'David H. Overstreet', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/I114027177', 'display_name': 'University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill', 'ror': 'https://ror.org/0130frc33', 'country_code': 'US', 'type': 'education', 'lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': False, 'raw_author_name': 'David H. Overstreet', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, CB# 7175, Medical Research Building A, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7175, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, CB# 7175, Medical Research Building A, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7175, USA.', 'institution_ids': ['https://openalex.org/I114027177']}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 2, 'corresponding_author_ids': [], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': {'value': 3430, 'currency': 'USD', 'value_usd': 3430, 'provenance': 'doaj'}, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.727, 'has_fulltext': True, 'fulltext_origin': 'ngrams', 'cited_by_count': 13, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.712044, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 83, 'max': 84}, 'biblio': {'volume': '77', 'issue': '2', 'first_page': '337', 'last_page': '343'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12023', 'display_name': 'Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases', 'score': 0.9993, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2736', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12023', 'display_name': 'Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases', 'score': 0.9993, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2736', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T12891', 'display_name': 'Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection', 'score': 0.9968, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2707', 'display_name': 'Complementary and alternative medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10875', 'display_name': 'Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity', 'score': 0.9949, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1110', 'display_name': 'Plant Science'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/11', 'display_name': 'Agricultural and Biological Sciences'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/1', 'display_name': 'Life Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/cholinesterase', 'display_name': 'Cholinesterase', 'score': 0.90784055}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/physostigmine', 'display_name': 'Physostigmine', 'score': 0.6820011}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/tacrine', 'display_name': 'Tacrine', 'score': 0.5067895}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C31896038', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415635', 'display_name': 'Cholinesterase', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.90784055}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780904820', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415081', 'display_name': 'Donepezil', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.8778851}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C98274493', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.78142464}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780266723', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408044', 'display_name': 'Soman', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.6948315}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2776663719', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410595', 'display_name': 'Physostigmine', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6820011}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778689640', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113259', 'display_name': 'Anticholinergic', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6347344}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779901103', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419472', 'display_name': 'Pyridostigmine', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.63252735}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C29730261', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274160', 'display_name': 'Toxicity', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.52892053}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779046751', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421076', 'display_name': 'Tacrine', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.5067895}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780292010', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187695', 'display_name': 'Sarin', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.47764173}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777383412', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4770891', 'display_name': 'Antagonism', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.47482002}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778816929', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22676679', 'display_name': 'Acetylcholinesterase', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.39775312}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C185592680', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329', 'display_name': 'Chemistry', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.3875699}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.38026753}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C42219234', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130', 'display_name': 'Anesthesia', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.34433472}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2775910092', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180623', 'display_name': 'Acetylcholine', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.18120095}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779483572', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030', 'display_name': 'Dementia', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.16251966}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.127981}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C55493867', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094', 'display_name': 'Biochemistry', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.051374316}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C181199279', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047', 'display_name': 'Enzyme', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.048544884}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778105408', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8285', 'display_name': 'Myasthenia gravis', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C170493617', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467', 'display_name': 'Receptor', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779134260', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136', 'display_name': 'Disease', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D002800', 'descriptor_name': 'Cholinesterase Inhibitors', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000633', 'qualifier_name': 'toxicity', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002800', 'descriptor_name': 'Cholinesterase Inhibitors', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007189', 'descriptor_name': 'Indans', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007531', 'descriptor_name': 'Isoflurophate', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000633', 'qualifier_name': 'toxicity', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007531', 'descriptor_name': 'Isoflurophate', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000037', 'qualifier_name': 'antagonists & inhibitors', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018727', 'descriptor_name': 'Muscarinic Antagonists', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020258', 'descriptor_name': 'Neurotoxicity Syndromes', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000188', 'qualifier_name': 'drug therapy', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010880', 'descriptor_name': 'Piperidines', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012601', 'descriptor_name': 'Scopolamine', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000818', 'descriptor_name': 'Animals', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001522', 'descriptor_name': 'Behavior, Animal', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001522', 'descriptor_name': 'Behavior, Animal', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001831', 'descriptor_name': 'Body Temperature', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D001831', 'descriptor_name': 'Body Temperature', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D002800', 'descriptor_name': 'Cholinesterase Inhibitors', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003967', 'descriptor_name': 'Diarrhea', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000139', 'qualifier_name': 'chemically induced', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003967', 'descriptor_name': 'Diarrhea', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000523', 'qualifier_name': 'psychology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003967', 'descriptor_name': 'Diarrhea', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000077265', 'descriptor_name': 'Donepezil', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D004347', 'descriptor_name': 'Drug Interactions', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007189', 'descriptor_name': 'Indans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007531', 'descriptor_name': 'Isoflurophate', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009043', 'descriptor_name': 'Motor Activity', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000187', 'qualifier_name': 'drug effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009043', 'descriptor_name': 'Motor Activity', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D018727', 'descriptor_name': 'Muscarinic Antagonists', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020258', 'descriptor_name': 'Neurotoxicity Syndromes', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000523', 'qualifier_name': 'psychology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D020258', 'descriptor_name': 'Neurotoxicity Syndromes', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D010880', 'descriptor_name': 'Piperidines', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D051381', 'descriptor_name': 'Rats', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D012601', 'descriptor_name': 'Scopolamine', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2003.11.012', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S59685179', 'display_name': 'Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior', 'issn_l': '0091-3057', 'issn': ['0091-3057', '1873-5177'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310320990', 'host_organization_name': 'Elsevier BV', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310320990'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Elsevier BV'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14751462', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'score': 0.71, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 57, 'referenced_works': ['https://openalex.org/W1608640955', 'https://openalex.org/W1953450639', 'https://openalex.org/W1967134212', 'https://openalex.org/W1967530934', 'https://openalex.org/W1973177829', 'https://openalex.org/W1980637950', 'https://openalex.org/W1981733901', 'https://openalex.org/W1982076782', 'https://openalex.org/W1986607212', 'https://openalex.org/W1988530810', 'https://openalex.org/W1988781968', 'https://openalex.org/W1989112928', 'https://openalex.org/W1991527095', 'https://openalex.org/W2010210144', 'https://openalex.org/W2016659621', 'https://openalex.org/W2017078912', 'https://openalex.org/W2020233726', 'https://openalex.org/W2027127607', 'https://openalex.org/W2029263151', 'https://openalex.org/W2034003524', 'https://openalex.org/W2035343397', 'https://openalex.org/W2035630528', 'https://openalex.org/W2040832709', 'https://openalex.org/W2041754619', 'https://openalex.org/W2045791927', 'https://openalex.org/W2047871295', 'https://openalex.org/W2048411785', 'https://openalex.org/W2048489815', 'https://openalex.org/W2055122786', 'https://openalex.org/W2062386711', 'https://openalex.org/W2062923618', 'https://openalex.org/W2065722752', 'https://openalex.org/W2074597778', 'https://openalex.org/W2075188216', 'https://openalex.org/W2078566963', 'https://openalex.org/W2081726204', 'https://openalex.org/W2087576661', 'https://openalex.org/W2090457207', 'https://openalex.org/W2093812234', 'https://openalex.org/W2111524191', 'https://openalex.org/W2117288276', 'https://openalex.org/W2121056064', 'https://openalex.org/W2141592420', 'https://openalex.org/W2143158947', 'https://openalex.org/W2145696702', 'https://openalex.org/W2146470552', 'https://openalex.org/W2147943296', 'https://openalex.org/W2338678376', 'https://openalex.org/W2342035625', 'https://openalex.org/W2414565701', 'https://openalex.org/W2421515741', 'https://openalex.org/W34166832', 'https://openalex.org/W4232706823', 'https://openalex.org/W4242692261', 'https://openalex.org/W4253299650', 'https://openalex.org/W4367475339', 'https://openalex.org/W616922882'], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4229646818', 'https://openalex.org/W2410668873', 'https://openalex.org/W2399712692', 'https://openalex.org/W229800075', 'https://openalex.org/W2131178436', 'https://openalex.org/W2090436115', 'https://openalex.org/W2054309436', 'https://openalex.org/W2048489815', 'https://openalex.org/W2022701147', 'https://openalex.org/W1983028379'], 'abstract_inverted_index': None, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1981631423', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-15T22:28:22.537973', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}