RapA, a Novel RNA Polymerase-Associated Protein, Is a Bacterial Homolog of SWI2/SNF2

Name: Work Video:
Duration: 3 min 30 s
Maxim V. Sukhodolets; Ding Jun Jin
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68, 70, 123, 138, 164, 166, 2263, 2400, 2519, 2894, 3088, 3176, 3636, 3876, 4466], '1:1': [29, 125], 'complex.': [30, 126], 'Purified': [31, 127, 837], 'to': [32, 59, 128, 155, 568, 622, 846, 1201, 1367, 1487, 1499, 1627, 1756, 2051, 2097, 2172, 2346, 2573, 2628, 2692, 2704, 2768, 2876, 3015, 3042, 3192, 3395, 3452, 3471, 3664, 3738, 3893, 3951, 4017, 4062, 4089, 4097, 4324, 4385, 4462, 4508], 'homogeneity,': [33, 129], 'RapA': [34, 54, 63, 73, 130, 150, 159, 169, 565, 1300, 1666, 1705, 1753, 1969, 1984, 2098, 2115, 2238, 2272, 2310, 2358, 2826, 2865, 2988, 3002, 3008, 3033, 3066, 3084, 3106, 3147, 3157, 3199, 3219, 3239, 3434, 3449, 3549, 3572, 3583, 3607, 3719, 3766, 3784, 3805, 3821, 3844, 3850, 3887, 3932, 4002, 4060, 4079, 4114, 4217, 4224, 4240, 4280, 4331, 4340, 4388, 4397, 4442, 4501, 4558], 'also': [35, 131, 2044, 2067, 2241, 3393, 3509, 3891], 'forms': [36, 132, 3221, 4119], 'stable': [38, 134, 3137, 3222], 'complex': [39, 135, 1793, 3139, 3178, 3223, 3468, 4121], 'RNAP,': [41, 60, 137, 156, 201, 222, 487, 2350, 2354, 2944, 3225], 'if': [43, 139], 'it': [44, 140, 2625, 2688, 2885, 2983, 3014, 3988, 4118], 'were': [45, 141, 619, 1324, 1334, 1545, 1562, 1587, 1645, 1668, 1726, 1754, 1813, 1870, 1961, 2000, 2040, 2043, 2153, 2180, 2199, 2207, 2240, 2293, 2362, 2374, 2397, 2435, 2444, 2720, 3039, 3125, 3163, 3189, 3722, 4084, 4250], 'subunit': [47, 143, 2352, 2653, 2854, 3228], 'RNAP.': [49, 145, 2709, 3230, 3645, 4123], 'The': [50, 146, 220, 482, 931, 1413, 1551, 1611, 1660, 1748, 1810, 1850, 1908, 1959, 2093, 2133, 2266, 2343, 2371, 2442, 2671, 2784, 2872, 3025, 3056, 3275, 3579, 3603, 3676, 3698, 3712, 3840, 3942, 4072], 'activity': [52, 148, 216, 248, 927, 1781, 3581, 3605, 3642, 3764, 3812, 3842, 4112, 4126, 4229, 4255, 4275, 4371], 'is': [55, 74, 151, 170, 208, 227, 566, 1270, 1301, 1310, 1897, 2689, 2701, 2787, 2886, 2909, 2941, 2976, 2990, 3257, 3323, 3392, 3469, 3508, 3551, 3560, 3807, 3935, 3966, 3989, 4115, 4332, 4353, 4389, 4458, 4506], 'stimulated': [56, 152, 3609, 4333], 'by': [57, 153, 1796, 1963, 2002, 2101, 2209, 2313, 2366, 2789, 2896, 2960, 3127, 3587, 3610, 3620, 3682, 3706, 3767, 3783, 3828, 3857, 3867, 3872, 3948, 4230, 4279, 4334, 4372, 4387], 'binding': [58, 154, 2094, 4096], 'and': [61, 64, 93, 157, 160, 189, 235, 274, 314, 386, 489, 513, 519, 541, 545, 616, 773, 841, 946, 1140, 1402, 1442, 1467, 1526, 1541, 1624, 1647, 1676, 1735, 1759, 1767, 1865, 1884, 1936, 1987, 2018, 2027, 2042, 2091, 2130, 2177, 2195, 2237, 2271, 2317, 2339, 2383, 2424, 2426, 2487, 2514, 2529, 2541, 2546, 2551, 2556, 2558, 2562, 2716, 2755, 2781, 2823, 2929, 2980, 3012, 3023, 3030, 3054, 3078, 3080, 3149, 3159, 3165, 3196, 3211, 3656, 3667, 3720, 3725, 3785, 3838, 3997, 4008, 4068, 4100, 4273, 4326, 4395, 4407, 4416, 4460, 4472, 4486, 4503, 4535, 4548], 'thus,': [62, 158], 'interact': [66, 162, 938], 'physically': [67, 163, 4322], 'well': [69, 165], 'functionally.': [71, 167], 'Interestingly,': [72, 168, 3465], 'homolog': [76, 172, 571, 1254, 3448, 4313], 'SWI/SNF': [79, 175, 574, 691, 839, 936, 1031, 1207, 1266, 3438, 3467, 3704, 3741, 4024, 4135, 4316], 'family': [80, 176, 575, 692, 937, 1032, 1208, 1267, 4025, 4136, 4293, 4317], 'eukaryotic': [82, 178, 495, 529, 577, 838, 3437], 'proteins': [83, 179, 244, 292, 521, 547, 578, 840, 1269, 1812, 3188], 'whose': [84, 180, 3254], 'members': [85, 181, 1028, 3705, 4132, 4289], 'are': [86, 182, 241, 293, 491, 522, 548, 844, 1033, 1145, 1273, 4425, 4480], 'involved': [87, 183, 1034], 'transcription': [89, 185, 215, 233, 255, 626, 926, 941, 2395, 2440, 4342, 4370, 4383, 4431], 'activation,': [90, 186], 'nucleosome': [91, 187], 'remodeling,': [92, 188], 'DNA': [94, 190, 1036, 3592, 3600, 4267, 4345], 'repair.': [95, 191], '(RNAP)': [196], '1The': [197], 'abbreviations': [198], 'used': [199, 1360, 1398, 1498, 1536, 2436, 4269], 'are:': [200, 3250], 'polymerase;': [203], 'ORF,': [204, 3264], 'open': [205], 'reading': [206], 'frame.': [207], 'sole': [210], 'enzyme': [211], 'responsible': [212, 3808], 'for': [213, 625, 1515, 1521, 1527, 1537, 1784, 2174, 2455, 2745, 3691, 3809, 3813, 3900, 3915, 3925, 3933, 3940, 4130, 4539, 4551], 'cell.': [219, 4447, 4496], 'core': [221, 1516, 2349, 2525, 2779], 'consisting': [223], 'α2ββ′': [225], 'subunits,': [226], 'basic': [229, 539], 'machinery': [230], 'capable': [231, 3574, 4261], 'elongation': [234, 4406], 'termination': [236, 4412], 'at': [237, 928, 1336, 1449, 1479, 1509, 1548, 1604, 1728, 1771, 1785, 1858, 1881, 1995, 2748, 3202, 3266, 4364, 4413], 'simple': [238], 'terminators.': [239], 'There': [240], 'many': [242], 'RNAP-associated': [243, 291, 546, 1303, 3553, 4305], 'that': [245, 537, 1299, 1306, 1662, 2419, 2470, 2509, 2687, 2972, 3135, 3216, 3242, 3427, 3457, 3547, 3556, 3571, 3803, 3823, 3907, 3928, 3939, 3971, 3991, 4242, 4452], 'modulate': [246], 'during': [251, 2953, 3461], 'different': [252, 2954, 3203, 4081, 4236, 4464, 4492], 'stages': [253, 2955], '(1Burgess': [256, 296], 'R.R.': [257, 297, 331, 1376, 2226, 2497, 2578, 2614, 2641], 'Erickson': [258, 298], 'B.': [259, 299, 902, 3528, 4043, 4154], 'Gentry': [260, 300], 'D.': [261, 265, 301, 305, 423, 1041, 1096, 1125, 1181, 4473], 'Gribskov': [262, 302], 'M.M.': [263, 303, 2248], 'Hager': [264, 304, 1368, 2223, 2611, 2638], 'Lesley': [266, 306], 'S.': [267, 307, 401, 451, 472, 782, 993, 1063], 'Strickland': [268, 308], 'M.': [269, 309, 355, 629, 648, 673, 705, 788, 826, 892, 1065, 1082, 1102, 3518, 4033, 4144], 'Thompson': [270, 310], 'N.': [271, 311, 2659, 3305], 'Polymerase': [273, 313], 'Regulation': [276, 316], 'Transcription.': [278, 318], 'Elsevier': [279, 319], 'Science': [280, 320], 'Publishing': [281, 321], 'Co.,': [282, 322, 2369], 'Inc.,': [283, 323], 'New': [284, 324], 'York1987:': [285, 325], '3-15Google': [286, 326], 'Scholar).': [287, 481, 613, 687, 836, 1024, 1195, 1294, 2235, 2670, 3424, 3544, 4059], 'Examples': [288], 'such': [290, 3875, 4361], 'sigma': [294], 'factor': [295], 'Scholar,': [327, 340, 368, 399, 417, 439, 460, 595, 644, 655, 671, 723, 735, 756, 803, 822, 884, 969, 989, 1008, 1055, 1078, 1094, 1113, 1169, 1223, 2593, 2608, 3293, 3342, 3367, 4170], '2Travers': [328], 'A.A.': [329, 2580], 'Burgess': [330, 1375, 2225, 2496, 2613, 2640], 'Nature.': [332, 814, 876, 961, 2585, 4181], '1969;': [333, 2586], '222:': [334], '537-540Crossref': [335], 'PubMed': [336, 348, 380, 397, 413, 437, 456, 477, 510, 591, 609, 640, 653, 667, 683, 719, 733, 752, 768, 799, 818, 832, 862, 880, 914, 965, 985, 1004, 1022, 1051, 1074, 1090, 1109, 1135, 1165, 1191, 1219, 1244, 1290, 1381, 2231, 2254, 2415, 2502, 2589, 2604, 2619, 2646, 2666, 3291, 3318, 3338, 3363, 3379, 3420, 3499, 3540, 3755, 3985, 4055, 4166, 4185], 'Scopus': [337, 381, 414, 457, 478, 592, 610, 641, 668, 684, 720, 753, 769, 800, 819, 833, 863, 881, 915, 966, 986, 1005, 1052, 1075, 1091, 1110, 1136, 1166, 1192, 1220, 1245, 1291, 1382, 2232, 2255, 2503, 2590, 2605, 2620, 2647, 2667, 3319, 3339, 3364, 3421, 3500, 3541, 3756, 4056, 4167, 4186], '(263)': [338], 'Google': [339, 349, 383, 398, 416, 438, 459, 480, 511, 594, 612, 643, 654, 670, 686, 722, 734, 755, 771, 802, 821, 835, 865, 883, 917, 968, 988, 1007, 1023, 1054, 1077, 1093, 1112, 1138, 1168, 1194, 1222, 1247, 1293, 1384, 2234, 2257, 2416, 2505, 2592, 2607, 2622, 2649, 2669, 3292, 3321, 3341, 3366, 3380, 3423, 3502, 3543, 3758, 3986, 4058, 4169, 4188], '3Ishihama': [341], 'A.': [342, 391, 405, 452, 473, 1118, 1174, 1225, 1233, 2657, 3303, 3311, 3344, 3352, 3401, 3409], 'J.': [343, 370, 372, 389, 392, 428, 502, 634, 828, 900, 1017, 1121, 1177, 1238, 2404, 2599, 3286, 3357, 3374, 3414, 3526, 3744, 3746, 3976, 4041, 4152, 4172, 4474], 'Bacteriol.': [344, 393, 3287, 3375], '1993;': [345, 407, 507, 815, 829, 962, 1216, 1241, 3335, 3360, 3417], '175:': [346], '2483-2489Crossref': [347], 'Scholar),': [350, 384, 918, 1139, 1248, 1385, 2506, 3503, 3987], 'NusA': [351], '(4Friedman': [352], 'D.I.': [353], 'Gottesman': [354], 'Lambda': [356], 'II.': [357], 'Cold': [358, 363], 'Spring': [359, 364], 'Harbor': [360], 'Laboratory': [361], 'Press,': [362], 'Harbor,': [365], 'NY1983:': [366], '21-51Google': [367], '5Greenblatt': [369], 'Li': [371, 889, 3515, 4030, 4141], 'Cell.': [373, 406, 600, 660, 678, 712, 747, 761, 855, 905, 978, 1069, 1128, 1158, 1184, 1281, 3490, 3531, 4046, 4157], '1981;': [374], '24:': [375], '421-428Abstract': [376], 'Full': [377, 410, 434, 604, 606, 664, 716, 765, 859, 909, 911, 982, 1132, 1162, 1188, 1285, 1287, 2410, 2412, 3494, 3496, 3535, 3537, 3982, 4050, 4052, 4161, 4163], 'Text': [378, 411, 435, 605, 607, 665, 717, 766, 860, 910, 912, 983, 1133, 1163, 1189, 1286, 1288, 2411, 2413, 3495, 3497, 3536, 3538, 3983, 4051, 4053, 4162, 4164], 'PDF': [379, 412, 436, 608, 666, 718, 767, 861, 913, 984, 1134, 1164, 1190, 1289, 2414, 3498, 3539, 3984, 4054, 4165], '(149)': [382], 'GreA,': [385], 'GreB': [387, 520], '(6Sparkowski': [388], 'Das': [390], '1991;': [394, 730, 1048], '173:': [395], '5256-5257Crossref': [396], '7Borukhov': [400], 'Sagitov': [402], 'V.': [403, 4470], 'Goldfarb': [404], '72:': [408, 2252], '459-466Abstract': [409], '(309)': [415], '8Feng': [418], 'G.': [419], 'Lee': [420], 'D.N.': [421], 'Wang': [422, 994], 'Chan': [424], 'C.L.': [425, 657, 743, 807, 954, 3750, 4180], 'Landick': [426], 'R.': [427, 631, 701, 739, 2074, 2075, 2079], 'Biol.': [429, 636, 679, 748, 1070, 1240, 2405, 3359, 3416, 3977], 'Chem.': [430, 2406, 3978], '1994;': [431, 453, 680, 749, 877, 1001, 3752], '269:': [432], '22282-22294Abstract': [433], '9Altman': [440], 'C.R.': [441], 'Solow-Cordero': [442], 'D.E.': [443, 1043], 'Chamberlin': [444, 465], 'M.J.': [445, 466, 597, 1278], 'Proc.': [446, 467], 'Natl.': [447, 468], 'Acad.': [448, 469], 'Sci.': [449, 470], 'U.': [450, 471], '91:': [454], '3784-3788Crossref': [455], '(62)': [458], '10Hsu': [461], 'L.M.': [462], 'Vo': [463], 'N.V.': [464], '1995;': [474, 588, 762, 856, 979, 1159], '92:': [475], '11588-11592Crossref': [476], '(107)': [479], 'two': [483, 2762, 3018, 3187, 3816], 'largest': [484], 'subunits': [485, 2695, 2707, 2713], 'β': [488, 2652], 'β′,': [490], 'homologs': [493, 525, 843, 933, 1204], '(for': [497, 2165], 'review,': [498], 'see': [499], 'Ref.': [500], '11Archambault': [501], 'Friesen': [503], 'J.D.': [504], 'Microbiol.': [505], 'Rev.': [506], '57:': [508], '703-724Crossref': [509], 'Scholar': [512], 'references': [514], 'therein).': [515], 'In': [516, 1025, 2393, 2476, 3092, 3182, 3646, 4298], 'addition,': [517, 1026, 2167], 'GreA': [518], 'functional': [524, 4455], 'SII,': [527], 'Pol': [531, 3476], 'II-associated': [532], 'protein.': [533, 3067, 3435, 4559], 'These': [534, 3213], 'homologies': [535], 'indicate': [536, 2971], 'structure': [540, 850], 'function': [542, 4511], 'conserved': [549, 1312], 'throughout': [550], 'evolution.': [551], 'Here': [552], 'we': [553, 2465, 2981, 3004, 4105, 4300, 4435, 4479], 'describe': [554], 'identification': [556], 'E.': [560, 1319, 2460, 3271, 3276, 4309, 4450, 4513], 'coliRNAP-associated': [561], 'found': [567, 3134, 3570], 'be': [569, 623, 1202, 2629, 2877, 3141, 3453, 3472], '(12Eisen': [579], 'J.A.': [580, 711], 'Sweder': [581], 'K.S.': [582], 'Hanawalt': [583], 'P.C.': [584], 'Nucleic': [585, 793, 1213, 3312, 3332, 4124], 'Acids': [586, 794, 1214, 3313, 3333], 'Res.': [587, 795, 1215, 3314, 3334], '23:': [589], '2715-2723Crossref': [590], '(619)': [593], '13Pazin': [596], 'Kadonaga': [598, 1279], 'J.T.': [599, 1280], '1997;': [601, 1282], '88:': [602, 1283], '737-740Abstract': [603, 1284], '(270)': [611, 1292], 'Yeast': [614], 'swi': [615], 'snf': [617], 'genes': [618, 1144], 'genetically': [620], 'important': [624], 'activation': [627, 4367, 4381], '(14Stern': [628], 'Jensen': [630], 'Herskowitz': [632, 658], 'I.': [633, 659, 776], 'Mol.': [635, 746, 1068, 1239, 3358, 3415], '1984;': [637], '178:': [638], '853-868Crossref': [639], '(316)': [642], '15Neigeborn': [645], 'L.': [646, 894, 975, 1067, 1155, 3520, 4035, 4146], 'Carlson': [647, 787, 1101], 'Genetics.': [649], '1987;': [650, 2663], '115:': [651], '247-253Crossref': [652], '16Peterson': [656], '1992;': [661, 713, 796, 1071, 1087, 1106, 1129, 1185, 3288, 3315, 3376], '68:': [662, 714], '573-583Abstract': [663], '(465)': [669], '17Carlson': [672], 'Laurent': [674, 785, 901, 1103, 3527, 4042, 4153], 'B.C.': [675, 786, 1104], 'Curr.': [676, 1085], 'Opin.': [677], '6:': [681], '396-402Crossref': [682], '(242)': [685], 'Homologs': [688], 'been': [694, 1199, 1257, 2068, 2570, 3710, 4128], 'reported': [695, 1200, 3470, 3510, 4129], 'Drosophila': [697], '(18Tamkun': [698], 'J.W.': [699, 745, 809, 956], 'Deuring': [700, 738], 'Scott': [702], 'M.P.': [703], 'Kissinger': [704], 'Pattatucci': [706], 'A.M.': [707, 4174], 'Kaufman': [708], 'T.C.': [709], 'Kennison': [710], '561-572Abstract': [715], '(776)': [721], '19Girdham': [724], 'C.H.': [725], 'Glover': [726], 'D.M.': [727, 3481], 'Genes': [728, 1046], 'Dev.': [729, 1047], '5:': [731, 1049], '1786-1799Crossref': [732, 1050], '20Elfring': [736], 'L.K.': [737, 3281, 3369], 'McCallum': [740], 'C.M.': [741], 'Peterson': [742, 806, 953, 3749, 4179], 'Tamkun': [744, 808, 955], '14:': [750], '2225-2234Crossref': [751], '(169)': [754], '21Tsukiyama': [757], 'T.': [758, 852, 1231, 1235, 2025, 3295, 3301, 3350, 3354, 3407, 3411], 'Wu': [759, 853], 'C.': [760, 824, 854, 1115, 1171, 1237, 3356, 3413], '83:': [763, 857], '1011-1020Abstract': [764, 858], '(519)': [770, 864], 'Scholar)': [772, 2258, 2417, 2650, 3322, 3381], 'humans': [774], '(22Okabe': [775], 'Bailey': [777], 'L.C.': [778], 'Attree': [779], 'O.': [780], 'Srinivasan': [781], 'Perkel': [783], 'J.M.': [784], 'Nelson': [789], 'D.L.': [790], 'Nussbaum': [791], 'R.L.': [792], '20:': [797, 3316], '4649-4655Crossref': [798], '(89)': [801], '23Khavari': [804], 'P.A.': [805, 871, 952, 2222, 2610, 2637], 'Mendel': [810, 957], 'D.B.': [811, 958], 'Crabtree': [812, 959, 996], 'G.R.': [813, 960, 997, 3485], '366:': [816, 963], '170-174Crossref': [817, 964], '(540)': [820, 967], '24Muchardt': [823], 'Yaniv': [825], 'EMBO': [827], '12:': [830, 1072], '4279-4290Crossref': [831], '(523)': [834], 'their': [842, 922], 'able': [845, 3892, 4461], 'remodel': [847], 'chromatin/nucleosome': [849], '(21Tsukiyama': [851], 'Scholar,25Kwon': [866], 'H.': [867, 896, 3297, 3299, 3522, 4037, 4148], 'Imbalzano': [868, 3482], 'A.N.': [869, 3483], 'Khavari': [870], 'Kingston': [872, 3486], 'R.E.': [873, 1057, 2661, 3487], 'Green': [874], 'M.I.': [875], '370:': [878], '477-481Crossref': [879], '(648)': [882], '26Cairns': [885], 'B.R.': [886, 3512, 4027, 4138], 'Lorch': [887, 3513, 4028, 4139], 'Y.': [888, 890, 3514, 3516, 4029, 4031, 4140, 4142], 'Zhang': [891, 3517, 4032, 4143], 'Lacomis': [893, 3519, 4034, 4145], 'Erdjument-Bromage': [895, 3521, 4036, 4147], 'Tempst': [897, 3523, 4038, 4149], 'P.': [898, 1210, 1227, 3329, 3346, 3403, 3524, 4039, 4150], 'Du': [899, 3525, 4040, 4151], 'Kornberg': [903, 3529, 4044, 4155], 'R.D.': [904, 3530, 4045, 4156], '1996;': [906, 1019, 2407, 3491, 3532, 4047, 4158, 4182], '87:': [907, 3533, 4048, 4159], '1249-1260Abstract': [908, 3534, 4049, 4160], '(583)': [916, 3542, 4057, 4168], 'which': [919, 1597, 1684, 2484, 3440, 3619], 'could': [920], 'explain': [921], 'role': [923, 4440, 4488], 'influencing': [925], 'some': [929, 1027, 1388, 4423], 'genes.': [930], 'human': [932, 1148], 'machinery,': [942], 'HIV-I': [944], 'integrase,': [945], 'Epstein-Barr': [948], 'virus': [949], 'EBNA2': [950], '(23Khavari': [951], '27Gibbons': [970], 'R.J.': [971, 1151], 'Picketts': [972, 1152], 'D.J.': [973, 1153, 1374, 2403, 2495], 'Villard': [974, 1154], 'Higgs': [976, 1156], 'D.R.': [977, 1157], '80:': [980, 1160], '837-845Abstract': [981, 1161], '(517)': [987, 1167], '28Kalpana': [990], 'G.V.': [991, 1012], 'Marmon': [992], 'W.': [995, 1123, 1179, 2597], 'Goff': [998, 1013], 'S.P.': [999, 1014], 'Science.': [1000, 3751], '266:': [1002], '2002-2006Crossref': [1003], '(460)': [1006], '29Wu': [1009], 'D.Y.': [1010], 'Kalpana': [1011], 'Schubach': [1015], 'W.H.': [1016], 'Virol.': [1018], '70:': [1020], '6020-6028Crossref': [1021], 'repair': [1037], '(30Emery': [1038], 'H.S.': [1039], 'Schild': [1040], 'Kellogg': [1042], 'Mortimer': [1044, 1099], 'R.K.': [1045, 1100], '(71)': [1053], '31Johnson': [1056], 'Henderson': [1058], 'S.T.': [1059], 'Petes': [1060], 'T.D.': [1061], 'Prakash': [1062, 1066], 'Bankmann': [1064], '3807-3818Crossref': [1073], '(196)': [1076], '32Ahne': [1079], 'F.': [1080, 1084], 'Baur': [1081], 'Eckardt-Schupp': [1083], 'Genet.': [1086], '22:': [1088], '277-282Crossref': [1089], '(11)': [1092], '33Schild': [1095], 'Glassner': [1097], 'B.J.': [1098], 'Yeast.': [1105], '8:': [1107], '385-395Crossref': [1108], '(57)': [1111], '34Troelstra': [1114, 1170], 'Van': [1116, 1172], 'Gool': [1117, 1173], 'De': [1119, 1175], 'Wit': [1120, 1176], 'Vermeulen': [1122, 1178], 'Bootsma': [1124, 1180], 'Hoeijmakers': [1126, 1182], 'J.H.J.': [1127, 1183], '71:': [1130, 1186], '939-953Abstract': [1131, 1187], '(623)': [1137, 1193], 'mutations': [1141], 'these': [1143, 1775, 3186], 'implicated': [1146], 'disease': [1149], '(27Gibbons': [1150], 'Bacterial': [1196], 'ORFs': [1197], '(35Bork': [1209, 3328], 'Koonin': [1211, 3330], 'E.V.': [1212, 3331], '21:': [1217, 3336], '751-752Crossref': [1218, 3337], '(123)': [1221, 3340], '36Kolsto': [1224, 3343], 'Bork': [1226, 3345, 3402], 'Kvaloy': [1228, 3347, 3404], 'K.': [1229, 3307, 3309, 3348, 3405], 'Lindback': [1230, 3349, 3406], 'Gronstadt': [1232, 3351, 3408], 'Kristensen': [1234, 3353, 3410], 'Sander': [1236, 3355, 3412], '230:': [1242, 3361, 3418], '684-688Crossref': [1243, 3362, 3419], '(22)': [1246, 3365, 3422], 'however,': [1249, 2624], 'none': [1250, 4286], 'prokaryotic': [1253], 'products': [1255], 'had': [1256, 2569], 'purified.': [1258], 'One': [1259], 'unsolved': [1262], 'questions': [1263], 'regarding': [1264], 'whether': [1271, 4109], 'they': [1272, 3174], 'associated': [1274, 2887, 2924, 2942, 3473, 3643], '(13Pazin': [1277], 'Our': [1295, 2969, 3545], 'results': [1296, 2970, 3214], 'shown': [1298, 4295], 'protein,': [1304, 3003, 4306], 'suggesting': [1305], 'association': [1307, 3557], 'feature': [1313, 3563], 'class': [1316, 3566], 'proteins.': [1318, 3568], 'K12': [1321], 'cells': [1322], '(MG1655)': [1323], 'grown': [1325], 'on': [1326, 1408, 1446, 1589, 1649, 1679, 1737, 1802, 1832, 1838, 1899, 2046, 2758, 2903, 3046, 3070, 3269, 4341, 4402, 4408, 4541], '4×': [1327], 'LB': [1328], '10-liter': [1331], 'fermenter.': [1332], 'Cells': [1333], 'harvested': [1335], 'A600': [1337], '≈': [1338], '8': [1339, 2187], 'late': [1341], 'log': [1342], 'growth': [1343], 'phase': [1344], '(yield': [1345], '∼200': [1346], 'g': [1347, 1354], 'wet': [1349, 1356], 'paste).': [1351], 'About': [1352], '100': [1353, 1583, 1768], 'paste': [1358], 'was': [1359, 1364, 1397, 1411, 1421, 1444, 1456, 1471, 1497, 1518, 1523, 1529, 1535, 1598, 1613, 1685, 1706, 1782, 1794, 1836, 1852, 1874, 1893, 1953, 2029, 2085, 2099, 2121, 2170, 2193, 2274, 2311, 2332, 2490, 2626, 3063, 3086, 3107, 3573, 3584, 3608, 3845, 3852, 3890, 3903, 3917, 3946, 4256, 4260, 4276], 'per': [1361], 'purification.': [1362], 'purified': [1365, 1811, 1968, 1983, 2836, 2844, 2852, 2863, 3013, 3145], 'according': [1366], 'et': [1369, 2219], 'al.': [1370, 2220], '(37Hager': [1371, 2492], 'D.A.': [1372, 2224, 2493, 2612, 2639], 'Jin': [1373, 2494], 'Biochemistry.': [1377, 2227, 2498, 2615, 2642], '1990;': [1378, 2499], '29:': [1379, 2500], '7890-7894Crossref': [1380, 2501], '(152)': [1383, 2504], 'but': [1386], 'modifications.': [1389], 'A': [1390, 1482, 1567, 1620, 2564, 3022, 3053, 3819], 'single-stranded': [1391, 1414, 3591, 4063], 'DNA-agarose': [1392, 1415], '(Pharmacia': [1393], 'Biotech': [1394], 'Inc.)': [1395], 'column': [1396, 1416, 1448, 1455, 1507, 1595, 1612, 1683, 1808, 1844, 1851, 3050, 3062, 3073, 3172], 'instead': [1399], 'DNA-cellulose,': [1401], 'step': [1404, 2479], 'gel': [1406, 1653, 1741, 2727, 2753, 3206], 'filtration': [1407, 3207], 'Sephacryl': [1409], 'S-300': [1410], 'omitted.': [1412], '(bed': [1417], 'volume': [1418, 2185], '∼25': [1419], 'ml)': [1420], 'pre-equilibrated': [1422, 1599, 1686, 1845], 'TGED': [1424, 1462, 1474, 1495, 1674, 1688, 1700, 1720, 1762, 1820, 2124], 'buffer': [1425, 1563, 1603, 1675, 1689, 1763, 1857, 2125], '(0.01': [1426, 2116], 'm': [1427, 1440, 1465, 1477, 1489, 1634, 1703, 1715, 2034, 2128, 2738], 'Tris-HCl,': [1428, 2742], 'pH': [1429, 1576, 2743], '7.9,': [1430], '5%': [1431], 'glycerol,': [1432], '0.1': [1433, 1436, 1574, 2127, 2848, 2859], 'mm': [1434, 1569, 1572, 1769, 1915, 1920, 1923, 1926, 1934, 2421, 2428, 2741], 'EDTA,': [1435, 1573], 'mmdithiothreitol)': [1437], 'containing': [1438, 1463, 1475, 1578, 1621, 1690, 1701, 1751, 1764, 1821, 2126, 2819, 2986, 3027], '0.2': [1439, 1464, 1571, 1702, 1933, 2420, 2832, 2840], 'NaCl,': [1441, 1466, 1704, 1823, 1921], 'sample': [1443, 1835, 1889, 2141, 2169], 'loaded': [1445, 1588, 1677, 1837, 2756], '1.5–2': [1450], 'ml/min.': [1451, 1481, 1511, 1610], 'After': [1452, 1693, 1992], 'loading,': [1453], 'washed': [1457, 1614], '200': [1459], 'ml': [1460, 1493, 1617, 1637, 1644, 1698, 1718, 1725, 1869], 'fraction': [1470, 1873, 1892, 2508, 2818], 'eluted': [1472, 1707, 2518, 3059, 3087, 3201], '1.0': [1476, 1868], 'NaCl': [1478, 1490, 1713, 1770, 2129, 2536], '1': [1480, 1579, 1622, 1787, 1925, 1937, 2006, 2033, 2036, 2802, 2813, 3021], 'shallow': [1483, 2535], 'gradient': [1484, 1630, 1711, 2537], '(from': [1485], '0.3': [1486], '0.5': [1488, 1510, 1609, 1733, 1863], '400': [1492], 'buffer)': [1496], 'elute': [1500], 'from': [1502, 1557, 1906, 2201, 2276, 2483, 2723, 2751, 2938, 2946, 3010, 3060, 3109, 4087], '10/10': [1504, 1560], 'preparative': [1505], 'Mono-Q': [1506, 1559, 1681, 2071, 2481, 3072], '(Pharmacia)': [1508, 1534], 'Typically,': [1512], 'yield': [1514], '16–20': [1519], 'mg,': [1520, 1525], '10–16': [1524], 'holoenzyme-RapA': [1528], '2–4': [1530, 3110], 'mg.': [1531], 'FPLC': [1532], 'System': [1533, 2300], 'purification,': [1540], 'purification': [1543, 2457, 2922, 3097, 3131, 3463], 'procedures': [1544], 'carried': [1546, 2030], 'out': [1547, 2031], '4': [1549, 1643, 1724, 1882, 1922], '°C.': [1550, 1773], 'combined': [1552, 1749], 'RNAP-RapA': [1553], 'fractions': [1554, 1661, 1750, 1866, 3026, 3204], '(peak': [1555, 2527, 2531], '3': [1556, 2521], 'column)': [1561], 'exchanged': [1564], 'Buffer': [1566, 1619, 1639], '(50': [1568], 'Hepes,': [1570], 'mmdithiothreithol,': [1575], '7.5)': [1577], 'm(NH4)2SO4': [1580, 1623], 'using': [1581, 1876, 2104, 2212, 2243, 2295, 2320, 2334, 2376, 2962, 4234, 4343], 'Centriprep': [1582], 'concentrators': [1584, 1879], '(Amicon).': [1585], 'They': [1586], 'phenyl': [1591, 3047], 'Superose': [1592, 1804, 1840, 3048, 3169], 'HR': [1593, 1806, 1842, 3049, 3171], '5/5': [1594, 1682], '(Pharmacia),': [1596, 3173], 'above': [1602, 1848], 'flow': [1606, 1730, 1860], 'rate': [1607, 1731, 1861, 4404], '10': [1616, 1697, 1878, 2131, 2175, 3245], 'then': [1625], 'subjected': [1626, 2767, 3041], 'reverse': [1628], 'linear': [1629, 1710, 4348], '(NH4)2SO4': [1632], '(1–0': [1633], '80': [1636, 1717], 'A).': [1640, 3181], 'Fractions': [1641, 1722], 'collected': [1646, 1727], 'analyzed': [1648, 1736], '8%': [1651, 1739, 2289, 2764, 2904], 'SDS-polyacrylamide': [1652, 1740, 2278, 2290, 2726, 2765, 2905], 'stained': [1654, 1742], 'Coomassie': [1656, 1744, 2283, 3829], 'Brilliant': [1657, 1745, 2284], 'Blue': [1658, 1746, 2285, 3830], 'R-250.': [1659, 1747], 'contained': [1663, 1913, 2510, 3824, 4243], 'diluted': [1669], '2': [1671, 2746, 2794], 'volumes': [1672], 'directly': [1678], '0.2m': [1691], 'NaCl.': [1692], 'pre-elution': [1694], 'wash': [1695], '(0.3–0.5': [1714], 'buffer).': [1721], 'ml/min': [1734], 'pure': [1752, 2348, 2486, 3083, 3104, 4223], 'concentrated': [1755, 1875], '0.3–0.4': [1757], 'mg/ml': [1758, 2117], 'stored': [1760], '50%': [1765], 'glycerol': [1766], '−20': [1772], 'Under': [1774], 'conditions': [1776, 4493], 'no': [1777, 3825, 4226, 4400], 'loss': [1778], 'detected': [1783], 'least': [1786], 'year.': [1788], 'Formation': [1789], 'RNAP·RapA': [1792, 2992, 3138, 3634, 3652, 3683, 3721, 3889, 3992, 4004, 4373, 4444], 'studied': [1795, 2100], 'gel-filtration': [1797], 'mixtures': [1801, 1910], '6': [1805, 1841, 2737, 3170], '10/30': [1807, 1843], '(Pharmacia).': [1809], 'either': [1814, 2769], 'premixed': [1815], '150': [1817], 'μl': [1818, 2007, 2015, 2795], '0.1m': [1822], 'or': [1824, 1949, 1972, 1977, 2287, 2355, 2651, 2773, 3598, 3626, 3832, 3871, 3888, 4003, 4349, 4443], 'run': [1825, 1853, 2294], 'separately.': [1826], 'Following': [1827], '15': [1828, 4088], 'min': [1829, 1994, 3268], 'incubation': [1831], 'ice,': [1833], 'buffer.': [1849], 'same': [1856], 'ml/min,': [1864], 'collected.': [1871], 'Each': [1872], 'Microcon': [1877], '(Amicon)': [1880], '°C,': [1883, 1997], 'about': [1885, 2567, 3099, 3967], 'half': [1886], 'each': [1891, 2166, 2190], 'analyzed.': [1894], 'assay': [1896], 'based': [1898], 'measuring': [1900], 'amount': [1902, 2054, 2912, 2948], '[α-32P]ADP': [1904], 'released': [1905], '[α-32P]ATP.': [1907, 1940], 'reaction': [1909, 1957], '(10': [1911], 'μl)': [1912, 2120], '40': [1914, 1919], 'Tris-HCl': [1916], '(pH': [1917], '7.4),': [1918], 'MgCl2,': [1924], 'dithiothreitol,': [1927], '50': [1928, 2740, 2749], 'μg/ml': [1929], 'bovine': [1930, 2260], 'serum': [1931, 2261], 'albumin,': [1932], 'ATP': [1935, 2084, 2555, 3576, 3625, 3657, 3680, 3692, 3909, 3962, 3996], 'μCi': [1938, 2432], 'When': [1941, 3154], 'indicated,': [1942], 'poly(rA)': [1943], '(0.25': [1944], 'μg),': [1945, 1948], 'poly(dA)': [1946], '(0.26': [1947, 1951], 'poly(dA)·poly(dT)': [1950], 'μg)': [1952], 'included': [1954], 'mixture.': [1958], 'reactions': [1960, 1999, 3856], 'started': [1962], 'addition': [1965, 2004], '(0.2': [1970, 1985], 'μm)': [1971, 1976, 1986], '(0.1': [1975, 1990], '2:1': [1978], '(mol/mol)': [1979], 'mixture': [1980], 'μm).': [1991], '30': [1993, 3724, 4090], '37': [1996], 'terminated': [2001], '10%': [2009], 'SDS,': [2010, 2733], 'lyophilized,': [2011], 'dissolved': [2012], '5': [2014, 3180, 3666], 'methanol': [2017], 'spotted': [2019], 'onto': [2020], 'poly(ethylenimine)-cellulose': [2022], 'plate': [2023], '(J.': [2024], 'Baker),': [2026], 'chromatography': [2028, 2072, 3045, 3069], 'LiCl,': [2035], 'mformic': [2037], 'acid.': [2038], 'Plates': [2039], 'autoradiographed': [2041], 'scanned': [2045], 'PhosphorImager': [2048, 2448], '(Molecular': [2049, 2449], 'Dynamics)': [2050], 'quantitate': [2052], '[α-32P]ATP': [2056], 'hydrolyzed.': [2057], 'For': [2058, 2328], 'determination': [2059], 'other': [2061, 3703, 4006, 4131], '(d)NTPase': [2062, 2548], '2A': [2063], 'similar': [2064, 4000, 4016], 'profile': [2065], 'has': [2066, 3708, 4127, 4218, 4399], 'observed': [2069, 2572], 'upon': [2070], "Burgess'": [2076], 'laboratory': [2077], '(R.': [2078], 'Burgess,': [2080, 4520], 'personal': [2081], 'communication).': [2082], 'activity,': [2083], 'replaced': [2086], 'corresponding': [2089, 3259], '(d)NTP': [2090], '[α-32P](d)NTP.': [2092], 'polynucleotides': [2096], 'fluorescent': [2102], 'titrations': [2103], 'Luminescence': [2106], 'Spectrometer': [2107], 'LS': [2108], '50B': [2109], '(Perkin-Elmer).': [2110], 'Protein': [2111], '(tryptophan)': [2112], 'fluorescence': [2113, 2137], '120': [2119, 3726], 'measured': [2122], 'mmMgCl2.': [2132], 'reductions': [2134], 'intensity': [2138], '(λex': [2142], '=': [2143, 2544, 2549, 2554, 2560], '295': [2144], 'nm)': [2145], 'maximum': [2148], 'emission': [2151], 'spectrum': [2152], 'monitored': [2154], 'after': [2155, 2280], 'additions': [2157, 2179], 'increasing': [2159], 'amounts': [2160, 4246], 'polynucleotide': [2163, 2191], 'solution': [2164], 'allowed': [2171], 'equilibrate': [2173], 'min,': [2176], 'made': [2181], 'total': [2184], '<': [2186], 'μl).': [2188], 'ΔF/ΔFmaxfor': [2189], 'concentration': [2192, 3960], 'calculated,': [2194], 'dissociation': [2197], 'constants': [2198, 4191], 'determined': [2200, 2208, 2242, 2959], 'Scatchard': [2203], 'plots.': [2204], 'concentrations': [2206, 2239], 'UV': [2210], 'absorbance': [2211], 'extinction': [2214], 'coefficient': [2215], 'data': [2216, 2443, 3884], 'Lowe': [2218], '(40Lowe': [2221, 2636], '1979;': [2228, 2616, 2643], '18:': [2229, 2617, 2644], '1344-1352Crossref': [2230, 2618, 2645], '(225)': [2233, 2621, 2648], 'Bradford': [2245], 'method': [2246], '(48Bradford': [2247], 'Anal.': [2249], 'Biochem.': [2250, 2600], '1976;': [2251], '248-254Crossref': [2253], '(217548)': [2256], 'albumin': [2262], 'standard.': [2265], 'purity': [2267], 'preparations': [2273, 4241], 'estimated': [2275, 2895], 'overloaded': [2277], 'gels': [2279, 2292], 'staining': [2281, 2771], 'R-250': [2286, 3831], 'silver.': [2288], 'stacking': [2291], 'Mini-PROTEAN': [2297], 'II': [2298, 3477], 'Electrophoresis': [2299], '(Bio-Rad).': [2301], 'Amino': [2302], 'acid': [2303, 3248, 4554], 'sequencing': [2304, 2326, 4555], 'N-terminal': [2307, 3234, 3246], 'region': [2308, 3260], 'done': [2312], 'automated': [2314], 'Edman': [2315], 'degradation': [2316], 'phenylthiohydantoin-derivative': [2318], 'analysis': [2319], 'Applied': [2321], 'Biosystems': [2322], 'model': [2323, 4264], '476A': [2324], 'system.': [2327, 4432], 'Western': [2329, 2385], 'blot,': [2330], 'electroelution': [2331], 'performed': [2333, 2399], 'Fastblot': [2335], 'semi-dry': [2336], 'electroblotter': [2337], '(Biometra)': [2338], 'Immobilon-P': [2340], 'membranes': [2341], '(Millipore).': [2342], 'polyclonal': [2344, 2682, 2966], 'antibodies': [2345, 2381, 2683, 2776, 2967, 3859, 3878], 'highly': [2347, 2485, 3082, 3103, 3144, 4222], 'ς-70': [2351, 2712, 2782, 2853], '(>98%': [2360], 'pure)': [2361], 'raised': [2363], 'rabbits': [2365], 'Berkeley': [2367], 'Antibody': [2368], 'CA.': [2370], 'bands': [2373, 2902], 'visualized': [2375], 'goat': [2377], 'anti-rabbit': [2378], 'peroxidase-conjugated': [2379], 'secondary': [2380], '(Calbiochem)': [2382], 'ECL': [2384], 'blotting': [2386], 'detection': [2387], 'reagents': [2388], '(Amersham': [2389], 'Life': [2390], 'Science,': [2391], 'Inc.).': [2392], 'vitro': [2394, 4352, 4430], 'assays': [2396, 4233], 'essentially': [2398], 'described': [2401], '(49Jin': [2402], '271:': [2408], '11659-11667Abstract': [2409], 'except': [2418], 'ATP,': [2422, 3926], 'GTP,': [2423], 'CTP': [2425], '0.02': [2427], 'UTP,': [2429], 'including': [2430], '∼5': [2431], '[32-P]UTP,': [2434], 'multiple': [2438, 3444], 'round': [2439], 'assays.': [2441], 'quantified': [2445], 'Dynamics).': [2450], 'Using': [2451], 'modified': [2453], 'procedure': [2454], 'coliDNA-dependent': [2461], '(RNAP),': [2464], 'consistently': [2471], 'copurified': [2472], '(Fig.1).': [2475], 'final': [2478], 'chromatography,': [2482], 'active': [2488], 'obtained': [2491, 3108], 'peak': [2520, 3058], 'immediately': [2522], 'following': [2523, 3815], '1)': [2528, 3818], '2)': [2532, 3839], '(Fig.': [2538, 2684, 3051, 3075, 3179, 3208, 3615], '1,': [2539, 2793], 'B': [2540, 3210], 'C).': [2542, 3212], '4(d)NTP': [2543], 'NTP': [2545], 'dNTP;': [2547], 'NTPase': [2550], 'dNTPase;': [2552], '(d)ATP': [2553], 'dATP;': [2557], '(d)ATPase': [2559, 3763], 'dATPase.': [2563], 'previously': [2571], 'copurify': [2574], '(38Burgess': [2577], 'Travers': [2579], 'Dunn': [2581], 'J.J.': [2582], 'Bautz': [2583], 'E.K.F.': [2584], '221:': [2587], '43-46Crossref': [2588], '(639)': [2591], '39Stetter': [2594], 'K.O.': [2595], 'Zillig': [2596], 'Eur.': [2598], '1974;': [2601], '48:': [2602], '527-540Crossref': [2603], '(48)': [2606], '40Lowe': [2609], 'Scholar);': [2623], 'believed': [2627], 'proteolytic': [2631], 'fragment': [2632], 'β′': [2635], '(41Ishihama': [2656], 'Fujita': [2658, 3304], 'Glass': [2660], 'Proteins.': [2662], '2:': [2664], '42-53Crossref': [2665], '(12)': [2668], 'our': [2675, 3462, 4428], 'preparation': [2676], 'does': [2677], 'not': [2678, 2690, 2702, 3585, 3623, 3709, 3866, 3885, 4107, 4277, 4282, 4354, 4420, 4437], 'react': [2679], 'RNAP-specific': [2681], '2),': [2685], 'indicating': [2686, 3927], 'related': [2691, 2703], 'known': [2694, 2706], 'RNAP.Figure': [2697], '2The': [2698], 'α,': [2710], 'β/β′,': [2711], 'isolated': [2721], 'separately': [2722, 3191], 'Coomassie-stained': [2725, 2900], '(by': [2728], 'passive': [2729], 'elution': [2730], '1%': [2732, 2734], 'Triton': [2735], 'X-100,': [2736], 'urea,': [2739], '7.4,': [2744], 'h': [2747], '°C': [2750], 'homogenized': [2752], 'slices)': [2754], 'repeatedly': [2757], 'separate': [2759], 'tracks': [2760], 'identical': [2763], 'gels,': [2766], 'silver': [2770, 3833], '(top)': [2772], 'immunoblotting': [2774, 2961], 'against': [2777], 'both': [2778, 3995, 4321, 4414], '(bottom).': [2783], 'position': [2786], 'indicated': [2788], 'arrow.': [2791], 'Lane': [2792], 'standards;': [2799], 'lane': [2800, 2811, 2830, 2838, 2846, 2857, 3662], '2,': [2801], 'μg': [2803, 2814, 2833, 2841, 2849, 2860, 3101], 'Mono-Q-purified': [2806, 2817], '(Peak': [2809, 2828], '2);': [2810], '3,': [2812], '3);': [2829], '4,': [2831, 3052, 3076], 'α;': [2837], '5,': [2839, 3209], 'β,β′;': [2845], '6,': [2847, 3616], 'RNAP;': [2856], '7,': [2858], 'protein.View': [2866], 'Large': [2867], 'Image': [2868], 'Figure': [2869], 'ViewerDownload': [2870], '(PPT)': [2871], 'appears': [2875, 3451], 'integral': [2879], 'component': [2880], 'because': [2883], '(i)': [2884], 'nearly': [2891], 'equimolar': [2892], 'amounts,': [2893], 'quantitation': [2897], 'gels;': [2906], '(ii)': [2907], 'there': [2908], 'significant': [2911], '(20–30%': [2917], 'six': [2919], 'independent': [2920, 4390], 'procedures)': [2923], 'protein;': [2928], '(iii)': [2930], 'almost': [2931], '(>90%)': [2937], 'judging': [2945], 'present': [2952], 'preparation,': [2958], 'protein-specific': [2965], '(Fig.3).': [2968], 'RNAP-associatedprotein,': [2979], 'name': [2982], 'called': [2991], 'hereafter.': [2993], 'To': [2994, 3116], 'study': [2995, 4498], 'biochemical': [2997], 'properties': [2998], 'new': [3001, 3777, 3799, 4214, 4304], 'separated': [3005], 'homogeneity': [3016], 'steps': [3019], '(Figs.': [3020], '4).': [3024], '(Fig.1,': [3035], 'Mono-Q-1,': [3036], 'Peak': [3037], '3)': [3038], 'first': [3040, 3090, 3244], 'hydrophobic': [3043], 'interaction': [3044], 'B).': [3055], 'second': [3057], 'Another': [3068], 'followed': [3074], 'C': [3077], 'D),': [3079], 'peak.': [3091], 'four': [3093], 'repetitions': [3094], 'procedure,': [3098], '100–250': [3100], '(>98%)': [3105], 'mg': [3111], 'starting': [3114], 'material.': [3115], 'obtain': [3117], 'homogeneous': [3118, 3820], 'RapA,': [3119, 3732, 4307], 'remaining': [3121], 'contaminants': [3122], '(mostly': [3123], 'RNAP)': [3124, 4325], 'removed': [3126], 'repeating': [3128], 'last': [3130], 'step.': [3132], 'can': [3140], 'reconstituted': [3142], 'vitro.': [3153], 'mixed': [3164], 'passed': [3166], 'through': [3167], 'coeluted': [3175], 'control': [3183, 3873], 'experiments,': [3184], 'when': [3185, 3848, 4117, 4239, 4374], 'applied': [3190], 'column,': [3194], 'demonstrated': [3215], 'like': [3226], 'Determination': [3231], 'sequence': [3235, 3253], 'showed': [3241, 4225], 'amino': [3247, 4553], 'residues': [3249], 'Pro-Phe-Thr-Leu-Gly-Gln-Arg-Trp-Ile-Val,': [3251], 'only': [3255, 3455, 3651], 'match': [3256], 'hepA': [3263, 3278, 3390, 3429], 'located': [3265], '1.3': [3267], 'linkage': [3273], 'map.': [3274], 'ORF': [3279, 3391, 3430], '(42Lewis': [3280], 'Jenkins': [3282, 3370], 'M.E.': [3283, 3371], 'Mount': [3284, 3372], 'D.W.': [3285, 3373], '174:': [3289, 3377], '3377-3385Crossref': [3290, 3378], '43Yura': [3294], 'Mori': [3296], 'Nagai': [3298], 'Nagata': [3300], 'Ishihama': [3302], 'Isono': [3306], 'Mizobuchi': [3308], 'Nakata': [3310], '3305-3308Crossref': [3317], '(124)': [3320], 'putative': [3325, 4219], 'ATP-dependent': [3326], 'helicase': [3327, 4220, 4228, 4232, 4254, 4271, 4296], '42Lewis': [3368], 'expected': [3384], 'molecular': [3385], 'weight': [3386], '110-kDa.': [3388], 'This': [3389, 4311, 4379], 'homologous': [3394], 'yeast': [3397, 3466, 3740, 4018], 'SWI2/SNF2': [3398], '(36Kolsto': [3400], 'concluded': [3426], 'encodes': [3431], 'Unlike': [3436], 'members,': [3439], 'form': [3441], 'complexes': [3442, 4077], 'polypeptides,': [3445], 'bacterial': [3447, 4312], 'polypeptide': [3456], 'associate': [3458], 'procedure.': [3464], '(44Wilson': [3478], 'C.J.': [3479], 'Chao': [3480], 'Schnitzler': [3484], 'Young': [3488], 'R.A.': [3489], '84:': [3492], '235-244Abstract': [3493], '(324)': [3501], 'although': [3504], 'contradictory': [3506], 'result': [3507], '(26Cairns': [3511, 4026, 4137], 'finding': [3546], 'suggests': [3555], 'common': [3562], 'hydrolysis': [3577, 3681, 3902, 3943], '(Fig.6).': [3578], 'affected': [3586], 'presence': [3589, 3612, 3648], '(lane': [3593, 3596, 3601], '3),': [3594], '4),': [3597], 'double-stranded': [3599], '5).': [3602], 'lanes': [3617, 3665], '10–13),': [3618], 'itself': [3621], 'did': [3622, 3627], 'hydrolyze': [3624, 3894], 'so': [3628], 'very': [3629, 3694, 4010], 'poorly': [3630, 4011], '(lanes': [3631], '6–9).': [3632], 'Thus,': [3633], 'functions': [3635], 'ATPase,': [3639], 'poly(dA)·poly(dT),': [3650], 'exhibited': [3653, 3835], 'synthetic': [3655], 'hydrolytic': [3658], 'activities': [3659, 3714], 'simultaneously': [3660], '(compare': [3661], '13': [3663], '9),': [3668], 'former': [3671], 'being': [3672], 'predominant': [3674], 'activity.': [3675, 4297], 'apparent': [3677, 4253], 'kcat': [3678, 3899, 3955], 'increased': [3684], 'more': [3685, 3918], 'than': [3686, 3906, 3919, 3922, 3938, 3970], '4-fold,': [3687], 'while': [3688], 'Km': [3690, 3914, 3924], 'changed': [3693], 'little': [3695], '(Table': [3696, 3734, 3896, 3910, 3956, 4012], 'I).': [3697, 3911, 3957], 'stimulation': [3699, 3761], 'reported.': [3711], 'specific': [3713], 'ATPases': [3717], 'approximately': [3723], 'pmol': [3727], 'ADP': [3729], 'released/min/microgram': [3730], 'respectively': [3733], 'II),': [3735, 4013], 'values': [3736, 4074], 'close': [3737], '(45Cote': [3743], 'Quinn': [3745], 'Workman': [3747], 'J.L.': [3748], '265:': [3753], '53-59Crossref': [3754], '(724)': [3757], 'Scholar).Table': [3759, 4189], 'IThe': [3760], 'RNAPEnzymeATPdATPKm': [3768], '(mm)kcat(s−1)Km(mm)kcat': [3769], '(s−1)RapA0.050.060.441.8RNAP': [3770], '·': [3771, 3787, 3793, 4198, 4204], 'RapA0.040.260.442.9': [3772], 'Open': [3773, 3795, 4210], 'table': [3774, 3796, 4211], 'tab': [3778, 3800, 4215], 'Table': [3779], 'IIHydrolysis': [3780], '(d)NTPs': [3782], 'RapAEnzymeATPdATPGTPdGTPUTPdTTPCTPdCTPpmol': [3788], 'nucleotide': [3790], 'hydrolyzed/min/μg': [3791], 'RapARapA28177121111RNAP': [3792], 'RapA122293533273': [3794], 'believe': [3802], 'reasons.': [3817], 'detectable': [3826, 4227], 'impurities': [3827], 'stainings': [3834], 'activity;': [3837], 'totally': [3846], 'eliminated': [3847], 'depleted': [3853], 'anti-RapA': [3858], 'complexed': [3860, 3879], 'A-agarose': [3864, 3869], '(but': [3865], 'alone': [3870, 4259], 'antibodies,': [3874], 'anti-ς32': [3877], 'A-agarose;': [3883], 'shown).': [3886, 4283, 4421], 'dATP': [3895, 3901, 3916, 3934, 3945, 3973, 3998], 'II).': [3897], '30-fold': [3904], 'higher': [3905, 3921, 3969], 'However,': [3912, 4238, 4336], '8-fold': [3920], 'affinity': [3930], 'much': [3936], 'lower': [3937], 'ATP.': [3941], 'enhanced': [3947, 4278], 'due': [3950], 'increase': [3953], 'Because': [3958], '10-fold': [3968], '(46Mathews': [3974], 'C.K.': [3975], '1972;': [3979], '247:': [3980], '7430-7438Abstract': [3981], 'likely': [3990], 'will': [3993], 'use': [3994], 'efficiency.': [4001], 'hydrolyzed': [4005], 'NTPs': [4007], 'dNTPs': [4009], 'property': [4015], 'RSC,': [4019], 'another': [4020], 'member': [4021], 'binds': [4061], 'DNA,': [4064], 'RNA,': [4065], 'partial': [4066, 4098, 4265], 'DNA-DNA,': [4067], 'DNA-RNA': [4069, 4101], 'duplexes': [4070], '(TableIII).': [4071], 'Kd': [4073], 'nucleic': [4082], 'acids': [4083], 'similar,': [4085], 'ranging': [4086], 'μm': [4091], 'relatively': [4094], 'better': [4095], 'DNA-DNA': [4099], 'duplexes.': [4102], 'At': [4103, 4433], 'present,': [4104, 4434], 'do': [4106, 4436], 'know': [4108, 4438], 'polynucleotide-binding': [4111], 'altered': [4116], 'acid-binding': [4125], '47Quinn': [4171], 'Fyrberg': [4173], 'Ganster': [4175], 'R.W.': [4176], 'Schmidt': [4177], 'M.C.': [4178], '379:': [4183], '844-847Crossref': [4184], '(171)': [4187], 'IIIDissociation': [4190], 'RapA-polynucleotide': [4194], 'complexesProteinPoly(rA)': [4195], '(∼420': [4196, 4200], 'bases)Poly(rA)': [4197], 'Poly(dT)12–18': [4199, 4205], 'bases)Poly(dA)': [4201, 4203], '(∼270': [4202, 4206], 'bases)K': [4207], 'd,': [4208], 'μmRapA29172215': [4209], 'Although': [4216], 'motifs,': [4221], 'extensive': [4231], 'several': [4235, 4392], 'substrates.': [4237], 'even': [4244], 'trace': [4245], '(<1%)': [4249], 'used,': [4251, 4394], 'observed.': [4257], 'unwinding': [4263], 'duplex': [4266], 'substrates': [4268], 'assays,': [4272], '(data': [4281, 4419], 'So': [4284], 'far,': [4285], 'SWI/SNF2': [4292], 'summary,': [4299], 'coli.': [4310, 4514], 'interacts': [4318], '(binds': [4323], 'functionally': [4327], '(the': [4328], 'RNAP).': [4335], 'effect': [4338, 4401], 'naked': [4344], 'templates': [4346], '(either': [4347], 'supercoiled)': [4350], 'dramatic.': [4355], 'Fig.7': [4356], 'illustrates': [4357], 'representative': [4359], 'experiments': [4362], 'showing': [4363], 'best': [4365], 'moderate': [4366, 4380], 'overall': [4369], 'compared': [4375], 'itself.': [4378], '(∼150': [4384], '200%)': [4386], 'promoters': [4393], 'efficiency': [4410], 'ρ-independent': [4415], '-dependent': [4417], 'terminators': [4418], 'Possibly,': [4422], 'factors': [4424], 'missing': [4426], 'Apparently,': [4448], 'colicell': [4451], 'lacks': [4453], 'rapA': [4456, 4485, 4490], 'gene': [4457, 4505], 'viable': [4459], 'utilize': [4463], 'sugars': [4465], 'carbon': [4467], 'sources.': [4468], '3M.': [4469], 'Sukhodolets': [4471], 'Jin,': [4475], 'unpublished': [4476], 'results.': [4477], 'Currently,': [4478], 'studying': [4481], 'expression': [4483], 'under': [4491], 'Further': [4497], 'its': [4504, 4510], 'necessary': [4507], 'understand': [4509], 'thank': [4516, 4545], 'Sankar': [4517], 'Adhya,': [4518], 'Richard': [4519], 'Susan': [4521, 4523], 'Garges,': [4522], 'Gottesman,': [4524], 'Howard': [4525], 'Nash,': [4526], 'Nancy': [4527], 'Nossal,': [4528], 'Toshio': [4529], 'Tsukiyama,': [4530], 'Sue': [4531], 'Wickner,': [4532], 'Carl': [4533], 'Wu,': [4534], 'Yan': [4536], 'Ning': [4537], 'Zhou': [4538], 'comments': [4540], 'manuscript.': [4543], 'Huarong': [4546], 'Ying': [4547], 'Michael': [4549], 'Maurizi': [4550], 'performing': [4552]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1979837084', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2024, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2023, 'cited_by_count': 2}, {'year': 2022, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 5}, {'year': 2019, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2017, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2016, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2015, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 3}, {'year': 2012, 'cited_by_count': 3}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-12T02:52:38.678096', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}
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