Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1978629283', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/not.2005.0006', 'title': "Bach and the Pedal Clavichord: An Organist's Guide (review)", 'display_name': "Bach and the Pedal Clavichord: An Organist's Guide (review)", 'publication_year': 2005, 'publication_date': '2005-03-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1978629283', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/not.2005.0006', 'mag': '1978629283'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/not.2005.0006', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S112233285', 'display_name': 'Notes', 'issn_l': '0027-4380', 'issn': ['0027-4380', '1534-150X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310316704', 'host_organization_name': 'Music Library Association', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310316704'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Music Library Association'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'article', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5058843842', 'display_name': 'Brian Doherty', 'orcid': 'https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1259-1058'}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': [], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Brian Doherty', 'raw_affiliation_strings': [], 'affiliations': []}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 0, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5058843842'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.0, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 0, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.0, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 0, 'max': 61}, 'biblio': {'volume': '61', 'issue': '3', 'first_page': '760', 'last_page': '763'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10941', 'display_name': 'Musicology and Musical Analysis', 'score': 0.9804, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1210', 'display_name': 'Music'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/12', 'display_name': 'Arts and Humanities'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10941', 'display_name': 'Musicology and Musical Analysis', 'score': 0.9804, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1210', 'display_name': 'Music'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/12', 'display_name': 'Arts and Humanities'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T13996', 'display_name': 'Diverse Musicological Studies', 'score': 0.9631, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/1210', 'display_name': 'Music'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/12', 'display_name': 'Arts and Humanities'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/2', 'display_name': 'Social Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/harpsichord', 'display_name': 'Harpsichord', 'score': 0.93180406}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/fifteenth', 'display_name': 'Fifteenth', 'score': 0.5870318}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/baroque', 'display_name': 'Baroque', 'score': 0.5718072}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136095499', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81982', 'display_name': 'Harpsichord', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.93180406}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781291010', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178580', 'display_name': 'Period (music)', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.7362695}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154233639', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q164204', 'display_name': 'Musicology', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.6378132}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C558565934', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2743', 'display_name': 'Musical', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.60155123}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2781119825', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2163436', 'display_name': 'Fifteenth', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5870318}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C154775046', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188', 'display_name': 'German', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5779965}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C52119013', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637', 'display_name': 'Art history', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.5745631}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C136410877', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37853', 'display_name': 'Baroque', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5718072}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C142362112', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735', 'display_name': 'Art', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.52820617}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778473898', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145110', 'display_name': 'Repertoire', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.5074002}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C95457728', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309', 'display_name': 'History', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.49706152}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C153349607', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649', 'display_name': 'Visual arts', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3993689}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C74916050', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090', 'display_name': 'Classics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.39152342}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C124952713', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242', 'display_name': 'Literature', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.3827906}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C107038049', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986', 'display_name': 'Aesthetics', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.13686559}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C166957645', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498', 'display_name': 'Archaeology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.10348952}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C124086623', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5994', 'display_name': 'Piano', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.09826937}], 'mesh': [], 'locations_count': 1, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1353/not.2005.0006', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S112233285', 'display_name': 'Notes', 'issn_l': '0027-4380', 'issn': ['0027-4380', '1534-150X'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310316704', 'host_organization_name': 'Music Library Association', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310316704'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Music Library Association'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W620770918', 'https://openalex.org/W4293251867', 'https://openalex.org/W4291519337', 'https://openalex.org/W4248623841', 'https://openalex.org/W4230847759', 'https://openalex.org/W2967110872', 'https://openalex.org/W2891252425', 'https://openalex.org/W2587328531', 'https://openalex.org/W21142242', 'https://openalex.org/W2003852564'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Reviewed': [0], 'by:': [1], 'Bach': [2, 12, 314], 'and': [3, 13, 57, 76, 140, 187, 224, 237, 315, 342, 364, 402, 417, 426, 482, 489, 541, 565, 570, 605, 651], 'the': [4, 14, 60, 73, 83, 87, 97, 111, 114, 117, 129, 146, 161, 167, 172, 207, 241, 249, 263, 276, 281, 296, 316, 324, 328, 335, 340, 353, 380, 397, 400, 433, 463, 470, 496, 501, 513, 518, 524, 527, 536, 542, 576, 586, 622, 635, 648, 652, 662, 668, 671], 'Pedal': [5, 15, 317], 'Clavichord:': [6, 16, 318], 'An': [7, 17, 319, 609], 'Organist’s': [8, 18], 'Guide': [9], 'Brian': [10], 'Doherty': [11], 'Guide.': [19], 'By': [20, 113], 'Joel': [21, 288], 'Speerstra': [22, 322, 522, 644], '.': [23, 28], 'Foreword': [24], 'by': [25, 185, 234, 349, 618], 'Hans': [26], 'Davidsson': [27], '(': [29], 'Eastman': [30], 'Studies': [31], 'in': [32, 72, 154, 189, 222, 240, 262, 283, 309, 359, 567, 582, 661, 675], 'Music.)': [33], 'Rochester,': [34], 'NY:': [35], 'University': [36, 514], 'of': [37, 94, 110, 116, 149, 160, 169, 191, 202, 248, 273, 279, 298, 326, 334, 345, 355, 361, 372, 375, 392, 399, 439, 462, 469, 508, 515, 520, 526, 535, 538, 544, 562, 575, 592, 611, 621, 637, 656, 670], 'Rochester': [38], 'Press,': [39], '2004.': [40], '[': [41], 'xiii,': [42], '205': [43], 'p.': [44], 'ISBN': [45], '1-58046-135-2.': [46], '$70.00.]': [47], 'Music': [48], 'examples,': [49], 'bibliography,': [50], 'illustrations,': [51], 'photographs,': [52], 'index.': [53], 'Despite': [54], 'a': [55, 192, 269, 292, 310, 346, 373, 437, 440, 456, 560, 590, 606, 619], 'long': [56], 'prominent': [58], 'history,': [59], 'pedal': [61, 330, 429, 471, 577, 587, 607, 649, 672], 'clavichord': [62, 331, 430, 472, 578, 588, 623, 650], 'is': [63, 370, 394, 412, 436, 550, 559, 579, 589, 615], 'little': [64], 'known': [65], 'today.': [66, 287], 'Its': [67], 'existence': [68], 'was': [69, 260, 453], 'first': [70], 'documented': [71, 239], 'fifteenth': [74], 'century': [75, 99, 119], 'its': [77, 104, 152, 362, 539], 'development': [78], 'can': [79], 'be': [80, 268], 'traced': [81], 'through': [82, 634], 'ensuing': [84], 'centuries.': [85], 'Like': [86], 'harpsichord,': [88], 'it': [89, 120, 459], 'began': [90], 'to': [91, 103, 145, 176, 332, 395, 408, 494, 500, 666], 'fall': [92], 'out': [93], 'favor': [95], 'during': [96], 'nineteenth': [98], 'despite': [100], 'significant': [101], 'changes': [102], 'mechanism': [105], 'that': [106, 128, 179, 209, 304, 333], 'reflected': [107], 'musical': [108], 'tastes': [109], 'period.': [112, 250], 'beginning': [115], 'twentieth': [118], 'had': [121], 'all': [122], 'but': [123], 'disappeared.': [124], 'Common': [125], 'belief': [126], 'holds': [127], 'instrument': [130, 358, 445, 452, 497, 529], 'served': [131], 'mainly': [132], 'as': [133, 217, 219, 455], 'an': [134, 284, 413, 532], 'economical': [135], 'practice': [136, 307, 348], 'device': [137], 'for': [138, 171, 195, 295, 432, 546], 'organists,': [139], 'this': [141, 180, 215, 258, 545], 'reputation': [142], 'has': [143, 182, 204], 'contributed': [144], 'dismissive': [147], 'attitude': [148], 'scholars': [150], 'regarding': [151], 'place': [153, 674], 'music': [155, 159, 181, 259, 282, 303], 'history.': [156], 'The': [157, 390, 410, 428, 548, 573, 679], 'organ': [158, 302, 405, 677], 'North': [162, 401], 'German': [163], 'baroque': [164, 196], 'composers': [165], 'forms': [166], 'bedrock': [168], 'repertoire': [170, 354], 'instrument.': [173, 608], 'It': [174], 'stands': [175], 'reason,': [177], 'therefore,': [178], 'been': [183], 'dissected': [184], 'performers': [186], 'musicologists': [188], 'search': [190], 'Rosetta': [193], 'Stone': [194], 'performance': [197, 306, 347, 563], 'practices.': [198], 'A': [199], 'great': [200], 'deal': [201], 'study': [203, 297, 396, 435, 549], 'centered': [205], 'around': [206], 'organs': [208], '[End': [210], 'Page': [211], '760]': [212], 'survive': [213], 'from': [214, 406, 473, 624], 'time': [216], 'well': [218], 'clues': [220], 'contained': [221], 'manuscripts': [223], 'other': [225], 'period': [226], 'sources.': [227, 626], 'Many': [228], 'organists': [229], 'have': [230], 'attempted': [231], 'authentic': [232], 'performances': [233], 'employing': [235], 'fingerings': [236], 'pedalings': [238], 'sources': [242], 'on': [243, 246, 366], 'instruments': [244, 420, 511, 614], 'modeled': [245], 'those': [247], 'While': [251], 'we': [252], 'will': [253], 'never': [254], 'know': [255], 'exactly': [256], 'how': [257], 'performed': [261], 'eighteenth': [264], 'century,': [265], 'there': [266], 'may': [267], 'potentially': [270], 'rich': [271], 'source': [272], 'insight': [274, 351], 'into': [275, 352, 552], 'physiological': [277], 'aspects': [278], 'performing': [280], 'enlightened': [285], 'fashion': [286], "Speerstra's": [289, 491, 654], 'work': [290, 369], 'presents': [291], 'fascinating': [293], 'paradigm': [294], 'J.': [299], 'S.': [300], "Bach's": [301, 474, 638, 657, 676], 'leads': [305], 'research': [308], 'new': [311], 'direction.': [312], 'In': [313], "Organist's": [320], 'Guide,': [321], 'links': [323, 646], 'technique': [325], 'playing': [327], 'historical': [329, 509, 568], 'organ.': [336, 653], 'He': [337], 'creatively': [338], 'details': [339], 'intellectual': [341], 'physical': [343], 'components': [344], 'providing': [350], 'one': [356, 371, 461], 'keyboard': [357, 510, 603], 'light': [360, 667], 'conception': [363], 'rendition': [365], 'another.': [367], 'His': [368], 'number': [374], 'case': [376], 'studies': [377], 'undertaken': [378], 'at': [379, 386, 447, 512, 593], 'Göteborg': [381, 387], 'Organ': [382], 'Art': [383], 'Center': [384], '(GOArt)': [385], 'University,': [388], 'Sweden.': [389], 'purpose': [391], 'GOArt': [393], 'art': [398], 'Central': [403], 'European': [404], '1600': [407], '1970.': [409], 'project': [411], 'interdisciplinary': [414], 'living': [415], 'workshop': [416], 'involves': [418], 'scientists,': [419], 'builders,': [421], 'musicologists,': [422], 'performers,': [423], 'documentation': [424], 'experts,': [425], 'students.': [427], 'used': [431], 'present': [434], 'reproduction': [438, 525], '1766': [441], 'Johann': [442], 'David': [443], 'Gerstenberg': [444, 528], 'now': [446], 'Leipzig': [448], 'University.': [449], 'This': [450], 'particular': [451], 'chosen': [454], 'model': [457], 'because': [458], 'represents': [460], 'few': [464], 'intact,': [465], 'though': [466], 'unplayable,': [467], 'examples': [468], 'lifetime.': [475], 'Instruments': [476], 'built': [477, 523], 'later': [478], 'were': [479], 'designed': [480], 'differently': [481], 'they': [483], 'are': [484], 'much': [485], 'less': [486], 'musically': [487], 'subtle': [488], 'expressive.': [490], 'intense': [492, 533], 'desire': [493], 'understand': [495], 'led': [498], 'him': [499], 'English': [502], 'builder': [503], 'John': [504], 'Barnes,': [505, 521], 'curator': [506], 'emeritus': [507], 'Edinburgh.': [516], 'Under': [517], 'tutelage': [519], 'while': [530], 'gaining': [531], 'knowledge': [534], 'nuances': [537], 'structure': [540], 'implications': [543], 'performance.': [547], 'divided': [551], 'two': [553, 598], 'parts.': [554], 'Part': [555], '1,': [556], '"Source': [557], 'Studies,"': [558], 'review': [561, 620], 'theory': [564], 'organology': [566], 'documents': [569, 645], 'scholarly': [571], 'writings.': [572], 'history': [574], 'taken': [580], 'up': [581], 'chapter': [583, 664], '1.': [584], 'Structurally,': [585], 'combination': [591], 'least': [594], 'three': [595], 'separate': [596], 'instruments:': [597], '(or,': [599], 'perhaps,': [600], 'three)': [601], 'manual': [602], 'instruments,': [604], 'overview': [610], 'surviving': [612], 'early': [613, 625], 'given': [616], 'followed': [617], 'Beginning': [627], 'with': [628], 'Paulus': [629], "Paulirinus's": [630], 'Encyclopedia': [631], 'Scientarum': [632], '(1459-63)': [633], 'accounts': [636], 'student,': [639], 'Heinrich': [640], 'Nikolaus': [641], 'Gerber': [642], '(1702-1775),': [643], 'between': [647], 'discussion': [655], 'six': [658], 'trio': [659, 680], 'sonatas': [660, 681], 'second': [663], 'brings': [665], 'possibilities': [669], "clavichord's": [673], 'music.': [678], 'present...': [682]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1978629283', 'counts_by_year': [], 'updated_date': '2024-12-07T06:39:27.112218', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}