Get quick answers to your questions about the article from our AI researcher chatbot
{'id': 'https://openalex.org/W1978560708', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00001813-199910000-00001', 'title': 'Which is the optimal antiandrogen for use in combined androgen blockade of advanced prostate cancer? The transition from a first-to second-generation antiandrogen', 'display_name': 'Which is the optimal antiandrogen for use in combined androgen blockade of advanced prostate cancer? The transition from a first-to second-generation antiandrogen', 'publication_year': 1999, 'publication_date': '1999-10-01', 'ids': {'openalex': 'https://openalex.org/W1978560708', 'doi': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00001813-199910000-00001', 'mag': '1978560708', 'pmid': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10587288'}, 'language': 'en', 'primary_location': {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00001813-199910000-00001', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S158028025', 'display_name': 'Anti-Cancer Drugs', 'issn_l': '0959-4973', 'issn': ['0959-4973', '1473-5741'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, 'type': 'review', 'type_crossref': 'journal-article', 'indexed_in': ['crossref', 'pubmed'], 'open_access': {'is_oa': False, 'oa_status': 'closed', 'oa_url': None, 'any_repository_has_fulltext': False}, 'authorships': [{'author_position': 'first', 'author': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/A5111883646', 'display_name': 'Michael F. Sarosdy', 'orcid': None}, 'institutions': [], 'countries': ['US'], 'is_corresponding': True, 'raw_author_name': 'Michael F Sarosdy', 'raw_affiliation_strings': ['Cancer Therapy and Treatment Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.'], 'affiliations': [{'raw_affiliation_string': 'Cancer Therapy and Treatment Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.', 'institution_ids': []}]}], 'institution_assertions': [], 'countries_distinct_count': 1, 'institutions_distinct_count': 0, 'corresponding_author_ids': ['https://openalex.org/A5111883646'], 'corresponding_institution_ids': [], 'apc_list': None, 'apc_paid': None, 'fwci': 0.239, 'has_fulltext': False, 'cited_by_count': 8, 'citation_normalized_percentile': {'value': 0.226684, 'is_in_top_1_percent': False, 'is_in_top_10_percent': False}, 'cited_by_percentile_year': {'min': 76, 'max': 77}, 'biblio': {'volume': '10', 'issue': '9', 'first_page': '791', 'last_page': '796'}, 'is_retracted': False, 'is_paratext': False, 'primary_topic': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10543', 'display_name': 'Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2740', 'display_name': 'Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, 'topics': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10543', 'display_name': 'Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research', 'score': 0.9999, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2740', 'display_name': 'Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T11146', 'display_name': 'Hormonal and reproductive studies', 'score': 0.9996, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2712', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/T10124', 'display_name': 'Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment', 'score': 0.9627, 'subfield': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/subfields/2740', 'display_name': 'Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine'}, 'field': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/fields/27', 'display_name': 'Medicine'}, 'domain': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/domains/4', 'display_name': 'Health Sciences'}}], 'keywords': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/bicalutamide', 'display_name': 'Bicalutamide', 'score': 0.9853673}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/keywords/flutamide', 'display_name': 'Flutamide', 'score': 0.98339677}], 'concepts': [{'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780962315', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1988832', 'display_name': 'Bicalutamide', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.9853673}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778313021', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418669', 'display_name': 'Flutamide', 'level': 5, 'score': 0.98339677}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2779322244', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574820', 'display_name': 'Antiandrogen', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.909714}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2780192828', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181257', 'display_name': 'Prostate cancer', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.6459644}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71924100', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190', 'display_name': 'Medicine', 'level': 0, 'score': 0.62715477}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2777911890', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62614', 'display_name': 'Androgen', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5269321}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C2778468042', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273976', 'display_name': 'Blockade', 'level': 3, 'score': 0.5120018}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126894567', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105650', 'display_name': 'Urology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.45161864}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C126322002', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180', 'display_name': 'Internal medicine', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.4216472}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C134018914', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606', 'display_name': 'Endocrinology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.36364138}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C143998085', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555', 'display_name': 'Oncology', 'level': 1, 'score': 0.34862068}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C61367390', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416601', 'display_name': 'Androgen receptor', 'level': 4, 'score': 0.25562793}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C121608353', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078', 'display_name': 'Cancer', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.24564019}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C71315377', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11364', 'display_name': 'Hormone', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.19929522}, {'id': 'https://openalex.org/C170493617', 'wikidata': 'https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467', 'display_name': 'Receptor', 'level': 2, 'score': 0.0}], 'mesh': [{'descriptor_ui': 'D000726', 'descriptor_name': 'Androgen Antagonists', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000627', 'qualifier_name': 'therapeutic use', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000726', 'descriptor_name': 'Androgen Antagonists', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000970', 'descriptor_name': 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000627', 'qualifier_name': 'therapeutic use', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000970', 'descriptor_name': 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D048289', 'descriptor_name': 'Imidazolidines', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009919', 'descriptor_name': 'Orchiectomy', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011471', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000628', 'qualifier_name': 'therapy', 'is_major_topic': True}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000726', 'descriptor_name': 'Androgen Antagonists', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000813', 'descriptor_name': 'Anilides', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000627', 'qualifier_name': 'therapeutic use', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000813', 'descriptor_name': 'Anilides', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000813', 'descriptor_name': 'Anilides', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000970', 'descriptor_name': 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000009', 'qualifier_name': 'adverse effects', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D000970', 'descriptor_name': 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003131', 'descriptor_name': 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000379', 'qualifier_name': 'methods', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D003131', 'descriptor_name': 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005485', 'descriptor_name': 'Flutamide', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005485', 'descriptor_name': 'Flutamide', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000627', 'qualifier_name': 'therapeutic use', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D005485', 'descriptor_name': 'Flutamide', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D006801', 'descriptor_name': 'Humans', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007093', 'descriptor_name': 'Imidazoles', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000627', 'qualifier_name': 'therapeutic use', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007093', 'descriptor_name': 'Imidazoles', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000494', 'qualifier_name': 'pharmacology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D007093', 'descriptor_name': 'Imidazoles', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D008297', 'descriptor_name': 'Male', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009367', 'descriptor_name': 'Neoplasm Staging', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D009570', 'descriptor_name': 'Nitriles', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011471', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': 'Q000473', 'qualifier_name': 'pathology', 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D011471', 'descriptor_name': 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}, {'descriptor_ui': 'D014105', 'descriptor_name': 'Tosyl Compounds', 'qualifier_ui': '', 'qualifier_name': None, 'is_major_topic': False}], 'locations_count': 2, 'locations': [{'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://doi.org/10.1097/00001813-199910000-00001', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S158028025', 'display_name': 'Anti-Cancer Drugs', 'issn_l': '0959-4973', 'issn': ['0959-4973', '1473-5741'], 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': True, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'host_organization_name': 'Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/P4310315671', 'https://openalex.org/P4310318547'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['Lippincott Williams & Wilkins', 'Wolters Kluwer'], 'type': 'journal'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}, {'is_oa': False, 'landing_page_url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10587288', 'pdf_url': None, 'source': {'id': 'https://openalex.org/S4306525036', 'display_name': 'PubMed', 'issn_l': None, 'issn': None, 'is_oa': False, 'is_in_doaj': False, 'is_core': False, 'host_organization': 'https://openalex.org/I1299303238', 'host_organization_name': 'National Institutes of Health', 'host_organization_lineage': ['https://openalex.org/I1299303238'], 'host_organization_lineage_names': ['National Institutes of Health'], 'type': 'repository'}, 'license': None, 'license_id': None, 'version': None, 'is_accepted': False, 'is_published': False}], 'best_oa_location': None, 'sustainable_development_goals': [{'id': 'https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3', 'score': 0.83, 'display_name': 'Good health and well-being'}], 'grants': [], 'datasets': [], 'versions': [], 'referenced_works_count': 0, 'referenced_works': [], 'related_works': ['https://openalex.org/W4241025931', 'https://openalex.org/W4229984084', 'https://openalex.org/W2991425873', 'https://openalex.org/W2799406316', 'https://openalex.org/W2412048929', 'https://openalex.org/W2165611177', 'https://openalex.org/W2065967196', 'https://openalex.org/W2063216121', 'https://openalex.org/W2041970989', 'https://openalex.org/W2013301667'], 'abstract_inverted_index': {'Many': [0], 'physicians': [1], 'use': [2], 'combined': [3, 140], 'androgen': [4, 141], 'blockade': [5], 'in': [6, 18, 40, 100, 119, 133], 'the': [7, 41, 62], 'form': [8], 'of': [9, 68, 90, 121], 'a': [10, 21, 27, 78, 86, 101], 'luteinizing': [11], 'hormone-releasing': [12], 'hormone': [13], 'analog': [14], 'or': [15, 58], 'bilateral': [16], 'orchiectomy': [17], 'combination': [19], 'with': [20, 85], 'non-steroidal': [22, 36], 'antiandrogen': [23], 'to': [24, 127], 'offer': [25], 'patients': [26, 53, 134], 'potentially': [28], 'more': [29], 'effective': [30, 112], 'treatment': [31], 'than': [32], 'castration': [33], 'alone.': [34], 'Three': [35], 'anti-androgens': [37], 'are': [38, 136], 'available': [39, 99], 'US,': [42], 'i.e.': [43], 'flutamide': [44, 57, 72, 81, 114], '(Eulexin),': [45], 'bicalutamide': [46, 59, 124], '(Casodex)': [47], 'and': [48, 60, 115], 'nilutamide': [49], '(Nilandron).': [50], 'Nilutamide': [51], 'offers': [52], 'no': [54], 'benefit': [55], 'over': [56], 'has': [61], 'least': [63, 110], 'favorable': [64], 'safety': [65], 'profile.': [66], 'Because': [67], 'its': [69], 'short': [70], 'half-life,': [71], 'must': [73], 'be': [74], 'administered': [75], '3': [76], 'times': [77], 'day.': [79], 'Furthermore,': [80], 'therapy': [82], 'is': [83, 98, 108, 116], 'associated': [84], 'relatively': [87], 'high': [88], 'incidence': [89], 'diarrhea,': [91], 'often': [92], 'intolerable': [93], 'for': [94, 139], 'some': [95], 'patients.': [96], 'Bicalutamide': [97], 'convenient': [102], 'one': [103], 'tablet,': [104], 'once-a-day': [105], 'dosing': [106], 'regimen,': [107], 'at': [109], 'as': [111, 113], 'better': [117], 'tolerated': [118], 'terms': [120], 'diarrhea.': [122], 'Therefore,': [123], 'would': [125], 'seem': [126], 'represent': [128], 'an': [129], 'appropriate': [130], 'first': [131], 'choice': [132], 'who': [135], 'suitable': [137], 'candidates': [138], 'blockade.': [142]}, 'cited_by_api_url': 'https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1978560708', 'counts_by_year': [{'year': 2021, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2014, 'cited_by_count': 1}, {'year': 2013, 'cited_by_count': 1}], 'updated_date': '2024-12-16T11:41:21.035842', 'created_date': '2016-06-24'}